This is about harappan civilization

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WELCOME

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 HARAPPAN CIVILISATION
 (Concept of Civilisation and Features)
 Sanitha. C
 ZM17EDSS07
 social science

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 The excavations revealed that a civilisation had
existed in the village of the river indus and its
tributaries. Hence this civilisation came to be known
as the indus valley civilisation.

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Excavations
1. Harappa : Daya Ram Sahni
2. Mohenjodaro : R. D Banergi

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Features of Harappan Cities
1. The key feature of harappan cities was the use of hard burnt
bricks.
2. It was the hardness of bricks they came across that amazed
the laborers.
3. All building were built with burnt bricks.
4. The cities Harappa, Mohenjodaro and Lothal all had two parts.

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PARTS OF THE HARAPPAN CITIES

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OTHER FEATURES
Street
1. House built along both sides of planned
street.
2. They were of varying structures.
3. Some houses had only one room, other had
more rooms, a courtyard and well.
4. Every house had a toilet.

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Drainage System
 Another important feature of cities are drainage
system.
 Waste water from the houses was let out in to the
drains.
 The drains were connected to the main drain of
the street.
 Built with burnt bricks and covered with slabs.

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Great Bath
 In Mohenjodaro a great tank, called
the great bath was discovered.
 It is an evidence for the architectual
skill of the peoples.
 Built entirely with burnt bricks.

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Granery and Agriculture.
 Granaries are significant among the ruins
discoverd from harappa.
 They were big buildings with the facility to dry
and store grains.
 The remains of wheat, barley, millet, sesame,
pulses, etc have been found in harappa

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 Evidence of rice cultivation have been
uncovered from Rangpur and Lothal in
Gujrath.
 Cotton was also cultivated .
 Village were the major market for the
urban product

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Belief System
 The seals found from Harappa provide
information about the belief system.
 Clay figures of women have widely
been discovered.
 Worshipping mother goddess.
 Worshipped animals and trees.

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 Historians opine that figures of men
found in the form of Siva.
 The Great Bath unearthed in
Mohenjodaro used for religious
ceremonies.

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THE FALL OF THE HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION
The Harappan civilization began to decline by BCE 1700.
1. Flood .
2. External invasions.
3. Deforestation.
4. Decline of agricultural sector.
5. Epidemics

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Reference
8 th standard SCERT
text book

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