The document provides information about the flag of Canada. It states that the national flag of Canada, also known as the Maple Leaf, consists of a red field with a white square at its center featuring a stylized 11-pointed red maple leaf. It notes that the national colors of Canada were declared by King in 1921, with red symbolizing England and white symbolizing France. The maple leaf is one of Canada's national symbols and red represents the autumn color of maple leaves.

4. THE FLAG OF CANADA
THE NATIONAL FLAG OF CANADA, ALSO KNOWN AS THE MAPLE LEAF, A FLAG CONSISTING OF A RED
FIELD WITH A WHITE SQUARE AT ITS CENTRE, IN THE MIDDLE OF WHICH IS FEATURED A STYLIZED,
RED, 11-POINTED MAPLE LEAF.
THE NATIONAL COLORS OF CANADA WERE DECLARED BY KING IN 1921. RED IS SYMBOL OF
ENGLAND AND WHITE OF FRANCE, THE COLORS HAVE BEEN USED SYMBOLICALLY BY THOSE
COUNTRIES IN THE PAST. THE MAPLE IS ONE OF THE NATIONAL SYMBOL AND RED IS THE AUTUMN
COLOR OF MAPLE LEAVES.

5. Native Americans lived in
Canada for thousands of years.
In the early 1600s, colonists from
Britain and France began to
settle in eastern Canada, along
the St. Lawrence River. Canada
proved to be an excellent spot for
trapping and trading of furs. In
the 1800s, settlers began to push
west. Most of the native
Americans were displaced by the
Europeans.
CANADA’S HISTORY

6. Canada is divided into 10 provinces.
A province is a political boundary that
divides Canada into different regions.
Canada stretches from the
Pacific Ocean on the west,
to the Atlantic Ocean on the
east. Northern Canada
reaches into the Arctic
Circle, while southern
Canada stretches below the
northern points of the U.S.A.
GEOGRAPHY AND LOCATION

7. POPULATION
• CANADA IS THE NINTH-MOST SPARSELY POPULATED NATION IN THE WORLD
WITH A POPULATION DENSITY OF 8.6 PEOPLE PER SQUARE MILE.
• AROUND 33.4 MILLION PEOPLE LIVE IN CANADA, AND THE POPULATION IS
GROWING BY 0.9 PERCENT ANNUALLY.
• CANADA’S PER-CAPITA IMMIGRATION RATE IS ONE OF THE HIGHEST IN THE
WORLD WITH ABOUT 250,000 IMMIGRANTS BEING ADMITTED YEARLY SINCE
2006.

8. Religion in Canada

9. GOVERNMENT
Canada is a senatorial democracy and a constitutional monarchy.
This means Canadians recognize The Queen as their Head of
State. The Governor General, David Johnston, he carries out
Majesty’s duties in Canada. The Prime Minister is the Head of
Government. Together, they make up the Executive Branch of the
Government.
Queen Elizabeth II David Johnston
Justin Trudeau

10. EDUCATION SYSTEM IN CANADA
• IN CANADA, THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IS MADE UP OF BOTH PUBLIC AND
PRIVATE SCHOOLS, INCLUDING; COMMUNITY COLLEGES, TECHNICAL
INSTITUTES, SECONDARY SCHOOLS, UNIVERSITIES, CAREER COLLEGES,
SUMMER CAMPS, AND LANGUAGE SCHOOLS.
• UNDER THE CANADIAN CONSTITUTION EACH PROVINCE HAS RESPONSIBILITY
FOR IT’S EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM.
• 99% OF THE POPULATION OF CANADA OVER THE AGE OF 15 IS LITERATE.

11. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM OF CANADA
• OFTEN REFERRED TO AS “MEDICARE”, CANADA’S NATIONAL HEALTH
INSURANCE PROGRAM.
• CONSISTS OF A GROUP OF SOCIALIZED HEALTH INSURANCE PLANS THAT
PROVIDE PUBLICLY FUNDED HEALTHCARE COVERAGE TO ALL THE CITIZENS
OF CANADA

12. HEALTHCARE SYSTEM, CONT…
• CITIZENS ARE PROVIDED PREVENTATIVE CARE, MEDICAL TREATMENTS FROM
PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIANS, ACCESS TO HOSPITALS, DENTAL SURGERY AND
SOME ADDITIONAL MEDICAL SERVICES.
• THE AVERAGE NUMBER OF PHYSICIANS PER 1,000 PEOPLE IN CANADA IS: 2.1.

14. ECONOMY
• CANADA HAS THE 11TH OR 15TH-LARGEST ECONOMY IN THE WORLD, IS ONE OF THE WORLD'S WEALTHIEST
NATIONS, AND IS A MEMBER OF THE ORGANIZATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT (OECD)
AS WITH OTHER DEVELOPED NATIONS, THE CANADIAN ECONOMY IS DOMINATED BY THE SERVICE INDUSTRY,
WHICH EMPLOYS ABOUT THREE QUARTERS OF CANADIANS. CANADA ALSO HAS A SIZABLE MANUFACTURING
SECTOR, BASED IN CENTRAL CANADA, WITH THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY AND AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY BEING
ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT. WITH A LONG COASTLINE, CANADA HAS THE 8TH LARGEST COMMERCIAL FISHING AND
SEAFOOD INDUSTRY IN THE WORLD. CANADA IS ONE OF THE GLOBAL LEADERS OF THE
ENTERTAINMENT SOFTWARE INDUSTRY.

15. ECONOMY
• GDP: 1.78 TRILLION
• GDP PER CAPITA : 56,067.52
• GDP BY SECTOR: AGRICULTURE = 1.7%, INDUSTRY= 28.5%
SERVICES = 69.8%.
• INFLATION : 1%
• LABOR FORCE : 18.89 MILLION
• UNEMPLOYMENT: 6.6%
• EXPORTS: 529 BILLON ( MOTOR VEHICLES & PARTS, INDUSTRIAL MACHINERY, AIRCRAFTS, TELECOMMUNICATION
EQUIPMENTS, FERTILIZERS ETC
• IMPORTS: 524 BILLION ( CRUDE OIL, CHEMICALS, CONSUMER GOOD ETC.
• FDI STOCK: 528.7 BILLON
• ECONOMIC AID: 4.1 BILLON ( DONOR)

16. CANADIAN DOLLAR
1 CAD = 75.78 PKR
1 CAD = 0.73 US DOLLAR

17. CURRENCY OF CANADA
• IN HISTORY, THE CANADIAN DOLLAR HAS USUALLY BEEN AT LEAST A BIT
WEAKER THAN THE UNITED STATES DOLLAR, BUT RECENTLY THE TREND HAS
CHANGED.
• CANADIAN BILLS ARE BRIGHTLY COLORED AND EASY TO DISTINGUISH- WHICH
ALSO HAPPENS TO BE A POINT OF CULTURAL CANADIAN PRIDE.
• THE NEWEST CANADIAN BILLS, RELEASED IN 2011, ARE MADE OF POLYMER
INSTEAD OF PAPER.
• ALL OF CANADA USES THE CANADIAN DOLLAR.

18. NATIONAL ANIMAL
REFERRING TO THE BEAVER AS A “DENTALLY
DEFECTIVE RAT,” CANADIAN SENATOR NICOLE EATON
CALLED ON OTTAWA IN OCTOBER TO REPLACE THE
CRITTER AS THE NATIONAL EMBLEM WITH THE POLAR
BEAR, AN ANIMAL SHE HAILS AS STRONG, MAJESTIC
AND BRAVE

19. NATIONAL BIRD
A COMMON LOON SWIMMING ON GULL LAKE IN
ONTARIO, CANADA. THE LOON ALREADY APPEARS ON
CANADIAN CURRENCY, AND IT MAY SOON BE THE
COUNTRY'S NATIONAL BIRD. CANADA IS HOME TO
MORE THAN 450 SPECIES OF BIRDS, AND NOT ONE OF
THEM HAS EVER BEEN CHOSEN AS A NATIONAL
SYMBOL.

21. POUTINE MAPLE SYRUPBANNOCK
BACON BUTTER TARTS SUGAR PIE

22. Swiss chalet sauceFoie gras

23. EATING HABITS
• PUNCTUALITY IS IMPORTANT, BUT ARRIVING 15 MINUTES LATE FOR A DINNER PARTY IS
ACCEPTABLE.
• CANADIANS USUALLY HAVE THE STANDARD 3 MEALS A DAY AND SOMETIMES MAY HAVE TEA
COFFEE IN THE AFTERNOON OR A SNACK BREAK AT WORK.
• POLITELY REFUSING FOOD IN CANADA IS UNLIKELY TO CAUSE OFFENCE.
• ELBOWS SHOULD NEVER BE ON THE TABLE WHEN EATING.
• 15% TIPS ARE EXPECTED AT RESTAURANTS AND OFTEN ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE TAB UNLESS
YOU HAVE A LARGE PARTY.
• EATING WHILE WALKING IN PUBLIC IS NOT ACCEPTABLE.
• IN CANADA, MANY PEOPLE EAT WITH THE FORK IN THE LEFT HAND AND THE KNIFE IN THE RIGHT
HAND FOR FOODS THAT REQUIRE CUTTING.
• AFTER FINISHING A MEAL, EATING UTENSILS SHOULD BE PLACED ON THE PLATE.

24. The Canada’s holidays are:
Boxing Day
Canada Day
Coptic New Year
Icelandic Festival
Polar Bear Swim Day
Thanksgiving
Remembrance Day
Victoria Day
Waffle Day
But, the most important is Canada Day.
It is Canada's national birthday. The
first Canada Day was on July 1st,
1867. It is celebrating with Fireworks,
parades, barbecues, concerts,
carnivals, fairs and picnics.
CANADIAN HOLIDAYS

25. SPORTS OF CANADA
• SPORT IN CANADA CONSISTS OF A WIDE VARIETY OF GAMES. THERE ARE
MANY CONTESTS THAT CANADIAN VALUE, THE MOST COMMON SPORTS ARE
ICE HOCKEY, LACROSSE, CANADIAN FOOTBALL, SOCCER, BASKETBALL,
CURLING AND BASEBALL, WITH ICE HOCKEY AND LACROSSE BEING THE
OFFICIAL WINTER AND SUMMER SPORTS.

26. • Canada's official national sports are hockey in the winter
and lacrosse in the summer. Hockey is the sport most
played by Canadians, with 1.65 million participants.
Other popular spectator sports include curling and
football, that is played professionally in the Canadian
Football League (CFL)
• Canada has hosted several high-profile international
sporting events, including the 1976 Summer Olympics in
Montreal, the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, and the
2007 FIFA U-20 World Cup. Canada was the host nation
for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver.
SPORTS

27. o It’s not uncommon in Canada for people who don’t know you to greet you with “Hi!” or “how are you?” when
walking down the street.
o It’s considered rude to speak in a foreign language in the presence of others who do not understand what is
being said.
o Most Canadians only allow guests in rooms of their home that they have designated as public or “guest”
rooms.
o Many Canadians are non-smokers and they do not allow smoking in their homes or vehicles.
o Recycling and not littering are valued behaviors.
o A line is usually formed when several people are waiting for something, like at a coffee shop. Lines are first
come first serve, and it is considered very rude to cut in.
o Bargaining or haggling is not a common practice in Canada other than for things like buying a house, a vehicle,
or dealing with a private seller.
o In Canada, white lilies are associated with funerals and red roses are reserved for more romantic settings.
When buying flowers for someone, it’s wise to keep these norms in mind.
SOCIAL NORMS

28. FAMOUS CELEBRITIES
KAENU REEVESJIM CARREYDWAYNE JHONSON JUSTIN BIEBER

29. FESTIVALS

31. CANADIAN LAW:
• THE CANADIAN LEGAL SYSTEM HAS ITS FOUNDATION IN THE
ENGLISH COMMON LAW SYSTEM WITH SOME INFLUENCE FROM SCOTS LAW,
INHERITED FROM BEING A FORMER COLONY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM AND
LATER A COMMONWEALTH REALMMEMBER OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF
NATIONS

32. POLITICAL SYSTEM OF CANADA
• FEDERAL GOVERNMENT- RESPONSIBLE FOR THINGS THAT AFFECT THE
WHOLE COUNTRY, SUCH AS CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRATION, NATIONAL
DEFENSE AND TRADE WITH OTHER COUNTRIES.
• PROVINCIAL AND TERRITORIAL GOVERNMENTS- RESPONSIBLE FOR SUCH
THINGS AS EDUCATION, HEALTH CARE AND HIGHWAYS.
• MUNICIPAL (LOCAL) GOVERNMENTS- RESPONSIBLE FOR FIREFIGHTING, CITY
STREETS AND OTHER LOCAL MATTERS. IF THERE IS NO LOCAL GOVERNMENT,
THE PROVINCE PROVIDES SERVICES.

33. POLITICAL ASSASSINATION

34. COURT SYSTEM OF CANADA
Supreme Court of Canada
Federal Administrative
Tribunals
Provincial/Territorial
Administrative Tribunals
Military Courts
Tax Court of Canada
Provincial/Territoria
l Courts
Provincial/Territoria
l Superior Courts
Provincial/Territorial Courts
of AppealCourt Martial Appeal Court Federal Court of Appeal
Federal Court

35. RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS IN CANADA
FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS:
• EVERYONE IN CANADA IS FREE TO PRACTICE ANY RELIGION OR NO RELIGION
AT ALL.
• WE ARE FREE TO THINK OUR OWN THOUGHTS, SPEAK OUR MINDS, TO
GATHER PEACEFULLY INTO GROUPS AND TO ASSOCIATE WITH WHOMEVER WE
WISH, AS LONG AS WE DO NOT INTERFERE WITH VALID LAWS WHICH PROTECT
THE RIGHTS AND INTERESTS OF OTHERS.

36. RIGHTS AND FREEDOM, CONT..
DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS:
• EVERY CANADIAN CITIZEN HAS THE RIGHT TO VOTE IN ELECTIONS FOR
MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT AND REPRESENTATIVES IN PROVINCIAL AND
TERRITORIAL SENATES, AND TO SEEK ELECTION THEMSELVES, SUBJECT TO
CERTAIN LIMITED EXCEPTIONS (FOR EXAMPLE, MINIMUM VOTING AGE), WHICH
HAVE BEEN FOUND TO BE REASONABLE AND JUSTIFIABLE.
• OUR ELECTED GOVERNMENTS CANNOT HOLD POWER FOREVER.

37. RIGHTS AND FREEDOME, CONT..
MOBILITY RIGHTS:
• CANADIAN CITIZENS HAVE THE RIGHT TO ENTER, REMAIN IN, OR LEAVE THE
COUNTRY.
• CANADIAN CITIZENS AND PERMANENT RESIDENTS HAVE THE RIGHT TO LIVE OR
SEEK WORK ANYWHERE IN CANADA. GOVERNMENTS IN CANADA CAN’T
DISCRIMINATE ON THE BASIS OF SOMEONE’S CURRENT OR PREVIOUS REGION OF
RESIDENCE. FOR EXAMPLE, IF A PERSON IS A QUALIFIED PROFESSIONAL, SUCH AS
AN ACCOUNTANT, IN ONE PROVINCE, ANOTHER PROVINCE CANNOT PREVENT HIM
OR HER FROM WORKING THERE BECAUSE THAT PERSON DOES NOT LIVE THERE.

38. RIGHTS AND FREEDOM, CONT..
LEGAL RIGHTS:
• THE CHARTER ALSO PROTECTS THE BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS TO LIFE, LIBERTY
AND PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY (OR “SECURITY OF THE
PERSON”).
• NO ONE CAN BE DEPRIVED OF THESE RIGHTS EXCEPT THROUGH FAIR LEGAL
PROCEDURES AND BASED ON CLEAR, FAIR LAWS.
• THE RIGHT TO BE PRESUMED INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY IS A BASIC
CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEE.

39. RIGHTS AND FREEDOM, CONT..
EQUALITY RIGHTS:
• EVERYONE, REGARDLESS OF RACE, NATIONAL OR ETHNIC ORIGIN, COLOUR,
RELIGION, SEX, AGE, OR MENTAL OR PHYSICAL DISABILITY, IS EQUAL BEFORE THE
LAW.
• EQUALITY RIGHTS ARE AT THE CORE OF THE CHARTER. THEY ARE INTENDED TO
ENSURE THAT EVERYONE IS TREATED WITH THE SAME RESPECT, DIGNITY AND
CONSIDERATION (I.E. WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION), REGARDLESS OF PERSONAL
CHARACTERISTICS SUCH AS RACE, NATIONAL OR ETHNIC ORIGIN, COLOUR,
RELIGION, SEX, AGE, OR MENTAL OR PHYSICAL DISABILITY, SEXUAL ORIENTATION,
MARITAL STATUS OR CITIZENSHIP.

40. Canada's coastline is the longest in
the world (244,000 km) and it is
surrounded by the Pacific Ocean to
the west, Atlantic Ocean to the east
and the Arctic ocean to the south.
The CN Tower was built by the
Canadian National Railway and
stands 181 stories high (553.33
meters tall)
FACTS ABOUT CANADA

41. Roger Centre capacity ranges from 5,000 to
60,000 for sports events, concerts, family shows,
trade shows and conventions. It has the world’s
first fully retractable roof.
The baseball glove was
invented in Canada in 1883.
FACTS, CONT..

42. The Trans-Canada
highway is the
longest highway in
the world.
It is 8,030 km long
and that joins 10
provinces.
FACTS, CONT..

43. Edmonton has the second greatest temperature variation in
the world.
-40º C +40º C
FACTS, CONT..