Presenter / Institution: Norman Uphoff, CIIFAD Subject Country: Cuba

1. SRI -- The System of Rice Intensification: An Opportunity for Improving Food Security in Latin America? Norman Uphoff Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD) in cooperation with Association Tefy Saina (ATS)

2. More tillers and more than 400 grains per panicle

11. Data from Sanya reports

13. In Madagascar , where yields average 2-2.5 t/ha, 100s of farmers in 2 programs (USAID and French) have averaged 8-9 t/ha over a 5-year period -- on mostly very poor soils.

14. In China , the first SRI trials at Nanjing Agric. University gave 9.2 to 10.5 t/ha . While these levels can be achieved in China with the best varieties and best techniques, these take twice as much water as applied with SRI. SRI method used with hybrid rice varieties has given yields in the 12-15 t/ha range.

15. In Cambodia and Myanmar , where conventional yields are even lower than in Madagascar (2 t/ha), farmers using SRI have averaged 5-6 t/ha with NGO guidance.

16. In Sri Lanka , where the average yield is about 3.5 t/ha, farmers have averaged ~8 t/ha with SRI, with some farmers achieving much higher yields.

18. In Sri Lanka and Madagascar , some farmers are getting yields in the range of 15 to 20 t/ha once they have mastered the techniques and improved their soil quality. The maximum potential of SRI methodology remains to be fully realized.

29. .

37. Root cross-sections for upland (left) and irrigated (right) varieties -- ORSTOM research by Puard et al. (1989)

59. If farmers are labor-constrained , it is most beneficial economically for them to use SRI on as much of their land as they have enough labor for , to capture higher returns to all their factors of production (land, labor, capital, water), and then to use remaining land for other purposes

61. SRI is about HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT Not just about MORE PRODUCTION OF RICE