Anti-Slavery Almanac of 1847

FOR
184T.BEING THE THIRD YEAR AFTER BISSEXTILE, OR LEAP YEAR.
COMPRISING
The motions of the Sim and Moon, the true places tind aspects of the PLANETS, rising
and setting of the SUN, and the rising, setting, and southing of the MOON.—Also,
th© Lunations, Conjunctions, Eclipses, Judgment of the Weather, Rising
and Setting of the Planets, LeDgth of Days and Nights, Time of
High Water, Sec. be.
My heart is sad as I contemplate thee,
Thou fettered victim of despotic sway ;
Driven, like a senseless brute, from day to day,
Though equal born, and as thy tyrants free.
With hands together clasped imploringly,
And face upturned to Heaven (Heaven shall repay)
For liberty and justice thou dost pray,
In piteous accents and on bended knee,
Thy exclamation, " Am I not a man ?"
A brother ? " thrills my soul," I answer Yes !
Though placed beneath an ignominious ban,
That thou art both, all shall at last confess
To rescue thee, incessantly I'll plan,
And toil and plead thy injuries to redress.
W. L. Garrison.
Nm $ork
PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ANTI-SLAVERY SOCIETY, 142 NASSAU ST.
BOSTON, 25 CORNHILL; PHILADELPHIA, 31 NORTH FIFTH ST. ;
AND AT THE OFFICE OF THE BUGLE, SALEM,
COLUMBIANA CO., OHIO.
&£
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CUSTOMARY NOTES.
It Ventis (S )will be Evening Star until October 3d, then Morning Star until July 22d, 1848.
2-^Chg Mnnn will run highest, this year, about the 27th degree of (n) Gemini, and lowest,
aboutthe 2?th degree of ( t ) Sagitarius.
3. Latitude of Herschel (I3I) about 39' 30" south this year.
4. Longitude of the Moon's Ascending Node (Q) in the middle of this year, signs, 14 degrees.
5. Mean obliquity of the Ecliptic, in the middle of this year, 23° 27' 33.1"* True
obliquity, same time, 23° 27y 23. G".
EQUINOXES AND SOLSTICES.
BOSTON. WASHINGTON. CHARLESTON. NEW ORLEAM.
Vernal Eqinox, March
Summer Solstice, June
Autumnal Eq., Sept.
Winter Solstice, Dec.
D. H. M.
31 49 M.
21 9 35 E.
23 11 38 E.
22 5 21 M.
D. H. M.
21 25 M.
21 9 l E.
23 11 14 M.
22 4 57 M
D. H. M.
21 13 M.
21 8 59 E.
23 11 2 M.
22 4 45 M.
D. H. M.
20 11 33 E.
21 8 19 E.
23 10 22 M.
22 4 5 M.
CHRONOLOGICAL CYCLES.
Dominical Letter, C
Golden Numbers, or Lunar Cycle, 5
Epact (Moon's age Jan. ]st), 14
Solar Cycle, 8
Roman Indiction, 5
Julian Period G5G0
MOVEABLE FEASTS.
Easter Sunday,
Rogation Sunday,
Ascension Day,
Whitsunday (Pentecost),
Trinity Sunday,.
April 4
May 9
May 13
May 23
May 39
Advent Sunday, November 28
ECLIPSES IN THE YEAR 1847.
There will be two Eclipses of the Sun, and two of the Moon this year.
I. There will be an Eclipse of the Moon at the time of her fall on Wednesday, March 31st,
in the afternoon, invisible in America. Visible in the eastern hemisphere. Magnitude, 3 43
digits on the Moon's northern limb.
II. There will be an Eclipse of the Sun on Thursday April 15th at the time of New
Moon in the Morning, invisible in America. It? chief visibility will be in the Indian Ocean,
adjacent regions of the Southern Ocean, extending to 80° of south latitude. Tt will be visi-
ble, wholly or in part, at the Cape of Good Hope, Madagascar, Australia, New Guinea, Borneo,
Sumatra, Java, and the lesser neighboring Islands. It will be central and total on the me-
ridian in long. 89° 58' east from Greenwich, and lat. 24° 30' south. This point is nearly
opposite to the centre of the Gulf of Mexico.
III. There will be an Eclipse of the Moon on Friday, September 24th, at the time of Full
Moon in the morning, invisible east of the Rocky Mountains in America. The beginning may
be seen at California and in the Oregon Territory ; and at Atasha, as likewise in Asia, the
whole Eclipse will be visible. Magnitude, 5.04 digits ou the Moon's southern limb. Duration,
2 hours, 13 minutes.
IV. There will be an Eclipse of the Sun on Saturday, the 9th of October, at the time of
New Moon In the morning, invisiblein America excepting the north eastern coast of Green-
land, where the end may be seen shortly after the rising of the Sun. It will be visible in
Europe, the greater part of Asia, and the northern part of Africa. It will be central and
annular on the meridian in lat 31° 22' north, and long. 47° IV east from Greenwich.
This Eclipse will be annular in the south parts of Great Britain ami Ireland, and in the
north of France. The centre will pass very little south of Cape Clear, in Ireland, about 15
miles south of Exeter in England and about tbe like distance north of Havre in France;
while the annular phase of the Eclipse will extend more tban 100 miles fin each side.of the
paths of the centre. Thus it will be annular at Limerick, Wexford, Waterford. Cork, and
Kinsale in Ireland ; at Eardigan and Swansea in South Wales ; at Bristol, Greenwich,
Dover, Portsmouth, Plymouth, and other towns in the south of England; and at Calais,
Boulogne, Havre, Honrleur, Caen and Cherbourg on the neighboring coast of France. Magni-
tude at Edinburgh, 9.95 digits on the Sun's southern limb ; at Brest, 10.87 digits on the nor-
thern limb.
RATES OF POSTAGE.
Letters not exceeding half an ounce, under 300 miles, 5 cents; over 300 miles 10 cents ;
and
the same added for each additional half ounce, or any part thereof. Drop letters for delivery
at the same office 2 cents. Letters advertised 2 cents extra, or4,lf advertising costs so much.
Skip-Letters, delivered where received, G cents. Conveyed by mail. 2 cents udded to usual
postage.
Circulars printed or lithographed on letter or foolscap, unsealed, any distance 2 cents. Cir-
culars larger than single cap, same as pamphlets.
Newspapers, published monthly or oftener, containing intelligence of passing events, and
not exceeding 1,900 square inches, whether in one or two pieces of paper, under 30 miles if
sent by tbe publishers, free ; over 30 and not exceeding 100, or within tiie State, 1 cent ,
over
100 andout of tbe State, one and a half cents If over 1,900 square inches, same as pamphlets.
Pamphlets, whether periodical or not, any distance, one ounce or less, each copy two and a
half cents ; each additional ounce one cent. Fractional excess less than half an ounce not
counted. Newspapers and pamphlets must be folded with the end open.

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IMMEDIATE ABOLITION.
BY W. L. GARRISON.
Since the deception practised upon our first parents by the old ser-
pent, there has not been a more fatal delusion hi the minds of men,
than that of the gradual abolition of slavery. Gradual Abolition ! Do its
supporters really know what they talk about ? Gradually abstaining
from what ? From sins the most flagrant, from conduct the most cruel,
from actions the most oppressive ! There is not a clergyman of any
denomination, who would not be instantly ousted from his pulpit,
were he to inculcate such advice. Do our gradualists mean that slave-
dealers shall sell or purchase a few victims less this year than they
did the last ? that slave-owners shall liberate one, two, or three out of
every hundred slaves during the same period ? that slave-drivers shall j
apply the lash to the scarred and bleeding backs of their victims some-
what less frequently? Surely not. I respect their intelligence too
much to believe that they mean any such thing. But if any of the
slaves should be exempted from sale or purchase, why not all ? if jus-
tice requires the liberation of the few, why not of the many I if it be
right for a driver to inflict a number of lashes, how many shall be
given? Do gradualists mean that the practice of separating the hus-
band from the wife, the wife from the husband, or children from their
parents, shall come to an end by an almost imperceptible process?
or that the slaves shall be defrauded of their just remuneration, less
and less every month or every year ? or that they shall be under the
absolute irresponsible control of their masters ? Oh no ! I place a
higher value upon their good sense and morality than this. Well,
then, they would immediately break up the slave traffic—they would
put aside the whip—they would have the marriage relations preserved
inviolate—they would not separate families—they would not steal
the wages of the slaves, nor deprive them of personal liberty. This
is abolition
—
immediate abolition. It is simply declaring that slave
owners are bound to fulfil, now, without any reluctance or delay, the
golden rule, namely : to do as they would be done by; and that, as
the right to be free is inherent and inalienable in the slaves, there
ought now to be a disposition on the part of the people to break their
fetters. All the horrid spectres which are conjured up, on this subject,
arise from a confusion of the brain, as much as from a corruption of
the heart.
I hold this truth to be self-evident, that no transfer, or inheritance,
or purchase, or sale, of stolen property, can convert it into just pos-
session, or destroy the claim of its original owner, the maxim being
universally conceded to be just, that the receiver is as bad as the
thief. I utterly reject, as delusive and dangerous in the extreme,
every plea which justifies a procrastinated and indefinite emancipa-
tion, or which concedes to a slave owner the right to hold his slaves
as property for any limited period, or which contends for the gradual
preparation of the slaves for freedom ; believing all such pretexts to be
a fatal departure from the high road of justice into the bogs of expe-
diency, a surrender of the great principles of truth, an indefensible
prolongation of the curse of slavery, a concession which places the
guilt upon any but those who incur it, and directly calculated to per-
petuate the thraldrom of our species. (Liberator, 1832.)

THE DOMESTIC SLAVE TRADE.
By the laws of the U. States, if a citizen of this government is con-
victed of being engaged in the Foreign Slave Trade he is hung as a
pirate. Let us see what sort of a trade that is which a man must be
engaged in as a necessary qualification to the presidency of this en-
lightened country.
And first as to its extent. Between the years 1817, and 1837, a
period of twenty years, 300,000 slaves were taken from Virginia,
North Carolina, and Maryland, to the Southern market, according to
the statement of the Rev. Dr. Graham, of North Carolina ; and in
1835 it was estimated by the most intelligent men of Virginia, that
120,000 slaves were exported from that State during the preceding
twelve months. About two-thirds of these accompanied their own-
ers, who removed ; the remaining one-third were sold at an average
of $600 each, amounting to $24,000,000, which the domestic Slave-
Trade poured into Virginia in one year. In 1836, says the Maryville
(Tenn.) Intelligencer, " 60,000 slaves passed through a little western
town on their way to the Southern market, and in the same year four
States imported 200,000 slaves from the North." In 1837, a commit-
tee appointed by the citizens of Mobile, Alabama, to inquire into the
causes of pecuniary distress then prevalent, reported that between
the years 1833 and 1837, Alabama alone imported from the Northern
slave States, $10,000,000 worth of slaves annually, ammounting to
$40,000,000 in four years.
This gives us a fair idea of the extent to which the domestic trade
in men, women, and children is carried on. Our masters have just
annexed to the United States a territory half a dozen times as large
as New York, for the express purpose of extending and perpetuating
slavery, and this has given the trade a new impetus. The price of
slaves rose at once hi the slave-trading states the moment it was
known the annexation bill was passed. We are now at war with
Mexico, to add still more territory to the accursed Union, and ex-
tend the " peculiar institution" still farther south, and among a peo-
ple who years ago abolished it.
Now what is the character of this trade ? We will not give any
testimony of abolitionists, though well enough authenticated evi-
dence as to its shocking cruelty might be adduced to fill a volume.
We prefer the southerners themselves as witnesses, and their testi-
mony shall be recent.
Niles' Register, published at Baltimore, vol. 35, p. 4, states that
" dealing in slaves has become a large business —establishments are
made in several places in Maryland and Virginia, at which they are
sold like cattle. These places of deposit are strongly built, and well
supplied with thumb-screws and gags, and ornamented with cow-
skins and other whips, oftentimes bloody /"
The Maryville, (Tenn.) Intelligencer, of October 4th, 1835, speak-
ing of these droves of human cattle, remarks :
** That they are driven
with heavy galling chains riveted upon their persons, their backs
lacerated with the knotted whip, travelling to a region where their
condition throughout time will be second only to the wretched crea-
tures in hell; this depicting is not visionary, would to God it was."
The New Orleans Courier, of February 15, 1845, says, " We think
it would require some casuistry to show, that the present Slave-Trade
hi Virginia is a whit better than the one from Africa."
f
~ • •
-

"The Presbyterian Synod of Kentucky, in 1835, in an address to
the churches under its care, says :
" Brothers and sisters, parents and
children, husbands and wives, are separated, and permitted to see eacli
other no more. These acts are daily occurring in the midst of us.
The shrieks and agony often witnessed on such occasions, proclaim
with a trumpet-tongue the iniquity of our system. There is not a
neighborhood where these heart-rending scenes are not displayed.
There is not a village or road that does not behold the sad procession
of manacled outcasts, whose mournful countenances tell that they
are exiled by force from all that their hearts hold dear."
Remember now the thousands who according to the calculations
of the Southerners themselves are annually bartered and sold, and
remember the condition which Southerners also declare to be that of
these thousands, and our readers can form some idea of the Domestic i
Slave Trade of the United States.
FREE SUFFRAGE.
" Ain't thee going to vote for giving the Right of Suffrage to the
colored people," said a young Friend to one of the progressive De-
mocrats of this city, about the time of the Convention election."
" Damn the Niggers ! No," replied the advocate of principles which
Secretary Bancroft calls " practical Christianity."
" But why not. Don't thee believe that ALL men are born free
and equal ? Is'nt that thy creed ?"
" To be sure it is. That's in our glorious Declaration of Independ-
ence. But it don't say nothing about niggers. They hav'nt got the
nat'rel right, and besides they do'nt know enough."
" Well, Friend, there's a letter in this morning's Tribune from one
of them niggers, as thee calls them, which I wish thee would read.
And I should like to know what thee thinks of it sometime."
The letter he referred to was one from Frederick Douglass, written
to the Liberator and re-published in the Tribune. The next day the
two happened to meet again.
" Well Friend, has thee read that letter ?" said the Quaker.
" I rather guess I have," replied the other.
" And what does thee think of it ?"
" Well, it's what I call a pretty damned smart letter."
11
1 think," said the Friend, " that I should'nt be afraid to offer thee
Fifty Dollars to find a democrat in our ward, who could write a better."
I should'nt take you up," said the other.
" 1 hope then thee's changed thy mind, and means to vote for the
colored suffrage, in spite of party."
"1 don't know about that, it won't do to go agin the party."
" What, not if the party's wrong ?"
" Well, you see party is party, and it don't do to go agin it, if you
mean to keep it a party." " But look here, neighbor, I'll tell you
what it is, if I can't vote to let the niggers go to the polls, if Fred
Douglass was here, and was up for anything, I tell you what, I'd vote
for that nigger !"

MORAL AND POLITICAL POWER.
'What do you, expect to accomplish," says my neighbor Joalv
" with your moral power, moral suasion, or whatever else you call
it? Do you expect to put down intemperance, free the slaves, sup-
press crime, and set the whole world in order, by writing printing,
preaching, singing, talking, setting good examples, disfellowshipping
evil-doers, and such like IV Why not, neigbor Joab ? " Because it
is of no use. Those things are necessary in their place, but what.are
J
they good for without political power ? We must go the Ballot-box,
the Jury-box, the Criminal's box, and, if needs be, to the Cartridge-box.
These are the things to do up the work. 1 have no faith in this non-
I
voting, non-prosecuting, uon-punishing, all-talk-and-do-nothing
I
theory. Mankind must be candidly and kindly told what their duty
lis, and if they will not do it, they must be made to do it. That is my'
j
doctrine."
Neighbor Joab is a great believer in human government. He goes
for political and legal coercion. He worships political power. Moral
power is of little account with him. He does not absolutely despise
jit, but it seems to him good for nothing without political power. In
| this he is not singular; the multitude think and feel just so. Let us
try to enlighten them. Neighbor Joab, moral power is as much
superior to political power, as the sun is to the moon. You see
things inverted. Moral power is as ancient as God, and as vast as
the universe. Political power is certainly not older than human
governments, nor more extensive. Political power is just that power
which a nation, state, or body politic exercises when it compels men
to obey its requirements by an application, or, at least, a threat of phy-
sical coercion. This narrows down political power to a mere line.
But moral power comprehends every description of power, which
(without applying or threatening physical coercion) tends to determine
the will, conduct, and character of rational beings. Moral power
is, therefore, eternal, universal, omnipresent, and almost omnipotent.
Political power could not exist but by favor of moral power. It can
do nothing without the preparative and sustaining influence of moral
power. It claims the credit of much that moral power has done at
its own expense. Nine-tenths of the best things done in the name
and to the credit of the government, have been originated and ma-
tured by moral power. Moral power does all the persuading ; politi-
cal power only the driving. Political power makes war, trains the
, militia, punishes criminals, and uses up the people's money—earning
j
less and demanding better pay than almost any other agency in the
conduct of human affairs. Moral power works out the most com-
plex, difficult, and mighty results by long years of unpaid and!
unthanked toil. It accomplishes everything for nothing. The minis
iters of moral power are the world's most self sacrificing servants, and j
|
are often worn up and left to starve, while the ministers of political
power waste enough in luxury to feed and clothe twice their number, j
Neighbor Joab, please tell us whether women exert any political
influence on human affairs ! Yet they have no political power.
Please tell us whether persons under age, and the multitudes of men
who are excluded from the ballot-box, exert any influence ! Tell us
whether education, religion, and ten thousand elements of moral
power, exert any control over the condition of mankind ? Tell us
whether Jesus Christ, his apostles and primitive followers for the

I
first two or three centuries, when they were continually persecuted
by political power, accomplished anything? Tell us whether politi-
"ight the new
Western World, gave us the steam engine, &.c, &c. Tell us whether
political power originated, and sustained in their infancy, the Tern- j
perance Reform, the Anti-Slavery Cause, &c. Tell us what great
and glorious improvement political power ever originated or even j
patronized till after it could live by the favor of public opinion. In
fine, tell us what great things have been, or can be done, by the
ballot-box, the jury-box, the criminal's box, or the cartridge-box,
without and against public opinion ? Political power is controlled
by public opinion, and public opinion is the creature of moral power.
Therefore, when wise and good men wish to control political power
without touching it, they have only to exert their united energies in
the use of moral power for the creation of a right public opinion,
this will turn political power which way they will, as the wind con-
trols the weathercock. They govern the world who govern public
opinion.
But says my neighbor Joab, " why should not wise and good men
use political as well as moral power in a good cause ?"'
They may,
when they can do it without sin. If the end, the means, and the spirit
are all good, they may use political power. But if the end is bad, or
the means bad, or the spirit of action bad, they must not defile them-
selves. They need not, and they must not. All the good they seek is
otherwise attainable without evil. They must not do evil that good
may come. They must "have no fellowship with the unfruitful
|
works of darkness, but rather reprove therein." This is the law for
wise and good men.
Now for the improvement. If the Constitution of the American
Union tolerates, sanctions, and sustains slavery ; if it forbade the
nation to abolish the slave-trade for a certain number of years ; if it
gave slaveholders greater weight than others in the Electoral and
Legislative branches of government, proportionate to the number of
their unfortunate victims; if it bound the whole people to deliver up
fugitive slaves to their claimants; if it pledged to the slaveholders mili-
tary assistance to keep their slaves in subjection ; if all this has been,
and still is, the practice under this government ; and if every man
who makes himself a voter, necessarily assumes the covenant and
obligations of a citizen to support the Constitution, or if the candidate ;|
he votes for must swear to support it; then can no man who truly
1
abhors slaveholding as a sin under all circumstance? innocently accept
office, or assist in electing any other person to office under the Fede-
ral government. Political power, under such a Constitution and such
a government, is power exercised to hold millions of slaves by brute
force, in a " bondage, a moment of which, is worse than whole ages"
of that which the revolutionary founders of this nation rose in rebellion
to r,esist. Whoever abhors slave-stealing from principle, must abhor
slave-trading, slave-holding, and slave-breeding, together with
governmental slave-wathcing, slave-threatening, slave-keeping, and
slave-crushing. It is all of a piece from beginning to end. A man
who means to keep his slaves in bondage and to take part only with
their masters, is in principle no better than the masters, who are in
principle no better than the first man-stealers, who, according to the
divine law, are in principle no better than murderers.

If neighbor Joab, or any other man, professes to abhor slavehold-
ing with all his heart, does not abhor a compact, which holds three
millions of human beings under the power of oppression, let him
suspect that he deceives himself. Let him know that he assassinates
his anti-slavery principles by a voluntary union and participation m
such a government with slaveholders. And if, through any unac-
countable idolatry of political power, he continues this political
union with slave-holders, let him know that he is fighting against
humanity and against God, only to involve himself in the " plagues"
and overthrow of that great Babylon from which it is the mandate
of heaven, and his first duty, to " come out" forth with and for ever.
Adin Ballou.
I'VE NO INFLUENCE.
What if the little rain should say,
" So small a drop as I,
Can ne'er refresh those thirsty fields,
I'll tarry in the sky ?"
.
What if a shining beam of noon
Should in its fountain stay,
Because its feeble light alone,
Cannot create a day ?
Doth not each rain- drop help to form
The cool, refreshing showers,
And every ray of light, to warm
And beautify the flowers ?
The New York Tribune, of a few months since, gives the following extract
from a private letter to a gentleman in this city. The fact had been mentioned
in a previous letter, but one of the gentlemen here expressing some doubt about
it, these further particulars were given
:
" You state that you have your doubts about the killing of the negro slave.
I will give you the facts as I have heard them. A person named Herb came
home on Christmas morning at about two o'clock, and, on entering the house
(he being intoxicated at the time), called for his private slave (
Fortune,' who
had been ordered to sit up and wait till his master came home. He, however,
had fallen asleep on the table, and the master was let in by another slave. The
master inquired for '
Fortune,' and, on being told where he was, immediately
rushed into the room and stabbed him with a bowie knife three or four times,
and afterward dragged him off the table and kicked him. The house was by
this time aroused and the negro picked up by one of his fellow slaves, who told
his master that '
Fortune '
was dying. Herb then went for a doctor, but before
he arrived the slave was a corpse. As Mr. Herb was sorry for what he had
clone, as his going for a doctor proved, and the slave was his own private pro-
perty, nothing was done to him—it was not even mentioned in the pidAic papers.
As to the truth of the story—I was not a witness to the killing, but I believe the
story nevertheless ; having heard it from respectable and responsible persons."
No ! as a laborer, I plead not for the poor ; but I do mourn that the lamp of
his soul should go out—that no bright visions should visit him; and that his
mind through the whole of life should be filled with two great spectres—fear and
indignation. Oh ! that one man should die ignorant, who had a capacity for
knowledge, should make us all weep!
—
Carlyle.

THE "CONNECTING LINK."
When men cannot meet the arguments of abolitionists in favor
of immediate and unconditional emancipation, they resort to abuse.
Appealing to the vulgar prejudice against colored people, they declare
that the negro is only the " connecting link between man and the
monkey." Even were there any physiological truth in this ridiculous
position, it would by no means follow that there were any moral
truth in it. Nobody pretends that a white man has not a full right to
the fruits of his own labor and to the rights of a husband and father ; to
the privilege of gaining his own subsistence, and the power of fulfilling
the common duties of a good citizen, because he may not possess the
faculty of being a good Latin and Greek scholar, a good chemist, a
good painter or sculptor. A large proportion of the white people
of this country can neither read nor write; Calhoun and Mc'Duffie
don't therefore make slaves of them. " What is sauce for the goose
is sauce for the gander." If a white man's right to freedom may
not be infringed upon, though he be not intelligent ; neither should a
black man be deprived of his liberty, because some white man hap-
pens to know more than he does. To maintain the contrary is to
uphold the old doctrine of all tyrants, that the people are only fit to
be governed by a few self- elected rulers.
Give the negro a chance and he will prove that he has intelligence
enough to be a freeman, and can take better care of himself than he
does now when he has to support both himself and his master.
Here is a letter from one of those " links," which was published a
few months since in the Boston Liberator. The writer, some six or
seven years ago, was hoeingcorn on a southern plantation. He thought
he could take care of himself and so ran away. For five years past
he has been lecturing on American Slavery, and is now traveling in
Great Britain for that purpose, as an agent of the American Anti-
Slavery Society. He gains universal admiration for his eloquence, and
universal respect for his unblemished character. He has written a
narrative of his own life while a slave, and if any white man believes
him a " link" between himself and the monkey, he had better read
it, to improve his knowledge of this branch of natural history.
LETTERS FROM FREDERICK DOUGLASS.
Victoria Hotel, Belfast, )
January 1st, 18-46.
$
Mr Dear Friend Garrison :
I am now about to take leave of the Emerald Isle, for Glasgow,
Scotland. I have been here a little more than four months. Up to
this time, I have given no direct expression of the views, feelings,
and opinions which I have formed respecting the character and con-
dition of the people of this land. I have refrained thus purposely.
I wish to speak advisedly, and in order to do this, I have waited till
I trust experience has brought my opinions to an intelligent ma-
turity. I have been thus careful, not because I think what I may say
will have much effect in shaping the opinion of the world, but be-
cause whatever of influence I may possess, whether little or much, I
wish it to go in the right direction, and according to truth. I hardly
need say, that, in speaking of Ireland, I shall be influenced by no
prejudices in favor of America. I think my circumstances all forbid

that. I have no end to serve, no creed to uphold, no government to
defend ; and as a nation I belong to none. I have no protection at
home, or resting-place abroad. The land of my birth welcomes me
to her shores only as a slave, and spurns with contempt the idea of
treating me differently. So that I am an outcast from the society of
my childhood, and an outlaw from the land of my birth. " 1 am a
stranger with thee, and a sojourner, as all my fathers were." That
men should be patriotic is to me perfectly natural ; and as a philo-
sophical fact, I am able to give it an intellectual recognition. . But no
further can I go. If ever I had any patriotism, or any capacity for
the feeling, it was whipt out of me long since by the lash of the
American soul- drivers.
In thinking of America, I sometimes find myself admiring her
bright blue sky—her grand old woods—her fertile fields—her beautiful
rivers—her mighty lakes, and star-crowned mountains. But my rap-
ture is soon checked, my joy is soon turned into mourning. When I
remember that all is cursed with the infernal spirit of slaveholding,
robbery and wrong,—when I remember that with the waters of her
noblest rivers, the tears of my brethren are borne to the ocean, dis-
regarded and forgotten, and that her most, fertile fields drink daily of
i
the warm blood of my outraged sisters, I am filled with unutterable
loathing, and led to reproach myself that anything could fall from my
lips in praise of such a land. America will not allow her children to
love her. She seems bent on compelling those who would be her
warmest friends, to be her worst enemies. May God give her repen-
tance before it is too late, is the ardent prayer of my heart. I will
continue to pray, labor and wait, believing that she cannot always be
insensible to the dictates of justice, or deaf to the voice of humanity. I
My opportunities for learning the character and condition of the |
people of this land have been very great. I have travelled almost
j
from the hill of " Howth," to the Giant's Causeway, and from the !
Giant's Causeway to Cape Clear. During these travels, I have met
j
with much in the character and condition of the people to approve, I
and much to condemn—much that has thrilled me with pleasure
—
and very much that has filled me with pain. I will not in this letter,
j
attempt to give any description of those scenes which have given me j
pain. This I will do hereafter. 1 have enough, and more than your
subscribers will be disposed to read at one time, of the bright side of
the picture. I can truly say, I have spent some of the happiest
moments of my life since landing in this country. I seem to have
undergone a transformation. I live a new life. The warm and gen-
erous co-operation extended to me by the friends of my despised
race—the prompt and liberal manner in which the press has rendered
me its aid—the glorious enthusiasm with which thousands have
flocked to hear the cruel Wrongs of my down-trodden and long-en-
slaved fellow-countrymen portrayed—the deep sympathy for the
slave, and the strong abhorrence of the slaveholder, everywhere
evinced—the cordiality with which members and ministers of various
religious bodies, and of various shades of religious opinion, have em-
braced me, and lent me their aid—the kind hospitality constantly
proffered to me by persons of the highest rank in society—the spirit
of freedom that seems to animate all with whom I come in contact
—and the entire absence of everything that looked like prejudice
against me, on account of the color of my skin—contrasted "so
strongly with my long and bitter experience in the United States, that

I look with wonder and amazement on the transition. In the South-
ern part of the United States, I was a slave, thought of, spoken of, as
property. In the language of the LAW, " held, taken, reputed and
adjudged to be a chattel in the hands of my owners and possessors, and
their executors, administrators, and assigns, to all intents, constructions,
and purposes whatsoever"—Biiev. Digest, 224. In the Northern States,
a fugitive slave, liable to be hunted at any moment like a felon, and
to be hurled into the terrible jaws of slavery—doomed by an invet-
erate prejudice against color to insult and outrage on every hand,
(Massachusetts out of the question)—denied the privileges and cour-
tesies common to others in the use of the most humble means of
conveyance—shut out from the cabins on steamboats—refused ad-
|
mission to respectable hotels —caricatured, scorned, scoffed, mocked
|
and maltreated with impunity by any one, (no matter how black his
heart,) so he has a white skin. But now behold the change ! Eleven
days and a half gone, and I have crossed three thousand miles of
the perilous deep. Instead of a democratic government, I am under
a monarchical government. Instead of the bright blue sky of Amer-
ica, I am covered with the soft grey fog of the Emerald Isle. I
breathe, and lo ! the chattel becomes a man. I gaze around in vain
for one who will question my equal humanity, claim me as his slave, or
offer me an insult. I employ a cab—I am seated beside white people
j
—I reach the hotel—1 enter the same door—I am shown into the
J
same parlor—I dine at the same table—and no one is offended. No
delicate nose grows deformed in my presence I find no difficulty here
in obtaining admission into any place of worship, instruction or
amusement, on equal terms with people as wjhite as any I ever saw
[
in the United States. I meet nothing to remind me of my complexion.
I find myself regarded and treated at every turn with the kindness
and deference paid to white people. When I go to church, I am met
by no upturned nose and scornful lip to tell me, " We don't allow niggers
in here /"
I remember, about, two years ago, there was in Boston, near the
southwest corner of Boston Common, a menagerie. I had long de-
sired to see such a collection as I understood was being exhibited
j
there. Never having had an opportunity while a slave, I resolved to j
seize this, my first, since my escape. I went, and as I approached j
the entrance to gain admission, I was met and told by the door-
J
keeper, in a harsh and contemptuous tone, " We don't allow niggers
in here.'" I also remember attending a revival meeting in the Rev.
Henry Jackson's meeting-house, at New-Bedford, and going up the
broad aisle to final a seat. I was met by a good deacon, who told
me, in a pious tone, " We don't allow niggers inhere/" Soon after my
arrival in New Bedford from the South, I had a strong desire to at-
tend the Lyceum, but was told, " They don't allou niggers in here /"
While passing from New York to Boston on the steamer Massachusetts,
OH the night of 9th December, 1843, when chilled almost through with
the cold, I went into the cabin to get a little warm. I was soon
touched upon the shoulder, and told, " We don't allow niggers inhere/"
On arriving in Boston from an anti-slavery tour, hungry and tired, I
went into an eating-house near my friend Campbell's, to get some
refreshments. I was met by a lad hi a white apron, " We don't allow
niggers in here .'" A week or two before leaving the United States, I
had a meeting appointed at Weymouth, the home of that glorious
band of true abolitionists, the Weston family, and others On at-

tempting to take a seat in the Omnibus to that place, I was told by
the driver, (and I never shall forget his fiendish hate,) " I don't allow
niggers in here /" Thank heaven for the respite I now enjoy ! I had
been in Dublin but a few days, when a gentleman of great re- j
spectability kindly offered to conduct me through all the public build-
ings of that beautiful city; and a little afterwards, I found myself
dining with the Lord Mayor of Dublin. What a pity there was not
some American democratic Christian at the door of his splendid
mansion, to bark out at my approach, " We don't allow niggers in here/"
The truth is, the j>eople here know nothing of the republican negro
hate prevalent in our glorious land. They measure and esteem men
according to their moral and intellectual worth, and not according to
the color of their skin. Whatever may be said of the aristocracies
here, there is none based on the color of a man's skin. This species
of aristocracy belongs pre-eminently to " the land of the free and the
home of the brave." I have never found it abroad in any but Ameri-
cans. It sticks to them wherever they go. They find it almost as
hard to get rid of it as to get rid of their skins.
The second day after my arrival at Liverpool, in company with my
friend Buffum, aud several other friends, I went to Eaton Hall, the
residence of the Marquis of Westminster, one of the most splendid
buildings in England. On approaching the door, I found several of
our American passengers, who came with us in the Cambria, waiting
at the door for admission, as but one party was allowed in the house
at a time. We all had to wait till the company within came out.
And of all the faces, expressive of chagrin, those of the Americans
were pre-eminent. They looked as sour as vinegar, and bitter as
gall, when they found I was to be admitted on equal terms with them-
selves. When the door was opened, T walked in, on an equal footing
with my white fellow-citizens, and from all I could see, I had as
much attention paid me by the servants that showed us through
the house, as any with a paler skin. As I walked through the build-
ing, the statuary did not fall down, the pictures did not leap from
their places, the doors did not refuse to open, and the servants did
not say, " We don't allow niggers in here .'"
A happy New Year to you and all the friends of freedom.
Excuse this imperfect scrawl, and believe me to be ever and
always yours, FREDERICK DOUGLASS.
Here are two little poems worth reading. They are taken from a volume
which was published in Raleigh, N. C. in 1829, and re-published again in
Philadelphia in 1837. The writer is, or was a slave, at the time the volume
was issued, who has no other name than George. He is called the property of
one James Horton, Chatham County, N. C. The first edition of his poems
was published to raise money to purchase George, and send him to Liberia, as
his emancipation would not be consented to on any other terms than his banish-
ment. The writer of the preface says :
—
" He had ever been a faithful, honest and industrious slave ; that his heart
had felt deeply and sensitively in this lowest possible condition of human na-
ture, would easily be believed, and was impressively confirmed by one of his
stanzas
:
" Come melting pity from afar,
And break this vast enormous bar
Between a wretch .and thee
;

Purchase a few short days of time,
And bid a vassal soar sublime
On wings of liberty."
On the publication of the second edition, George was still a slave. It is such
men as he and Frederick Douglass who are declared to be the "connecting
Jnk," and unable " to take care of themselves." Reader, what do you think
of it?
ON THE DEATH OF REBECCA.
" Thou delicate blossom ! thy short race is ended,
Thou sample of virtue and prize of the brave
!
No more are thy beauties by mortals attended,
They are now but food for the worms and the grave.
*
Thou art gone to the tomb, whence there's no returning
And left us behind in a vale of suspense
;
In vain to the dust do we follow thee mourning,
The same doleful trump will soon call us all hence.
I view thee now launched on eternity's ocean,
Thy soul how it smiles as it floats on the wave
;
It smiles as if filled with the softest emotion,
But looks not behind on the frowns of the grave.
The messenger came from afar to relieve thee
—
In this lonesome valley no more shalt thou roam ;
Bright Seraphs now stand on the banks to receive thee,
And cry, '
Happy stranger, thou art welcome at home.'
Thou art gone to a feast, while thy friends are bewailing,
Oh, death is a song to the poor ransom'd slave
;
Away with bright visions the spirit goes sailing,
And leaves the frail body to rest in the grave.
Rebecca is free from the pains of oppression,
No friends could prevail on her longer to stay
;
She smiles on the fields of eternal fruition,
Whilst death like a bridegroom attends her away.
She is gone in the whirlwind—ye seraphs attend her,
Through Jordan's cold torrent her mantle may lave
;
She soars in the chariot, and earth falls beneath her,
Resign'd in a shroud to a peaceable grave."
THE SLAVE'S COMPLAINT.
'Am I sadly cast aside Something still my heart surveys
On misfortune's rugged tide
?
Groping through this dreary maze;
Will the world my pains deride Is it hope ? then burn and blaze
Forever
1
? Forever.
Must I dwell in slavery's night Leave me not a wretch confined,
And all pleasure take its flight Altogether lame and blind,
Far beyond my feeble sight Unto gross despair consigned .
Forever? Forever.
Worst of all, must hope grow dim Heaven! in whom can I confide ? .
And withhold her cheering beam ? Canst thou not for all provide ?
Rather let me sleep and dream Condescend to be my guide
Forever? Forever.
Andwhen this transient life shall end
Oh may some kind eternal friend
Bid me from servitude ascend
Forever.

THE " PECULIAR INSTITUTION,
The Southerners are very proud of calling the system of Slavery the u Pe-
culiar Institution.'
1
Thank Heaven it is peculiar to them, "We trust the i|
Northerners will never desire to share in their pride, and that the day is not far I
distant when the southerners themselves will count' it as their shame. Its pecu- %
liarity consists in this,—that it outrages every precept of Christianity, tramples
j
under foot all the rights of man, and disregards all the dictates of humanity.- It :1
is a system of murder, robbery, and lust. There is no crime which man can |
perpetrate against his brother man that is not included in its terrible catalogue. %
Nor is this true as regards the slave only. The master is no less the victim, though
j |
in a different way, of the social system with which he is surrounded. Bred in the I
spirit of violence and tyranny towards his menials, he exercises them towards j
I
his equals, and the bowie-knife and pistol are his first argument and last resort. I
We might fill hundreds of volumes with facts that cannot be gainsaid as to
|
the peculiarities of the Southern Institution. We give a few taken at ran^k
dom from the publications of the last year or two. Tbey are not the most at^ ||
rocious, and they are but a very small part of the multitude that lie ready to j
our hands ; but they are all we have room for, and enough to convince any
candid mind that a svstem which can have such features is all that we have
said of it.
It is proper to remark that nearly all this evidence comes from sources not
professedly anti-Slavery in our sense of that term.
The following is cut from a St. Louis paper, in which it appears as an ad-
;
vertisement.
" Lost Child.—Came to the brick house, corner of Third and Elm streets,
!
about nine o'clock, night before last, a black female CHILD, about seven or
|
eight years of age. That its anxious and humane owner may find it, I describe
it—a good-looking child, marked and branded on its head, face, nose, ears, lips,
chin, neck, breast, back, sides, shoulders, arms, hands and fingers, hips, thighs,]
knees, legs, ancles, feet, heels and toes—by what appears to have been the cow- •
hide, or some other humane instrument. If not called for soon, it will be turn- j
ed over to the court, to be dealt with as the law directs. S."
June 18, 1845.
A Southern paper of a few months since advertises as follows :
NecxEO Dogs.—The undersigned, having bought the entire pack of Negro
Dogs, (of the Hays & Allen stock,) he now proposes to catch runaway negroes.
;
His charges will be three dollars per day for hunting, and fifteen dollars for
catching a runaway. He resides three and a half miles north of Livingston,
!
near the lower Jones' Bluff road. WILLIAM GAMBREL. !
Nov. 6, 1845—6m.
Read the following account from the New Orleans Picayune, of a scene that
!
occurred in the streets of that city in broad da5r
-light not long since.
" Cruelty.—Passing through Baronne street about noon yesterday, a crowd,
composed of men, women, and children, attracted our attention. The object of
their curiosity—or rather their pity—we found to be a delicate, debilitated-look-
j
ing mulatto boy, about ten years old. An old negro on one side and a stick on
the other supported him, as he endeavored to move along, though it was evi-
1
dent that any motion, however slow, was too much for his prostrate physi-
;
cal powers.
"We inquired what was the matter with the boy, and were answered by his
shirt being raised up off his back, and heavens! Iioav expressive of fiendish
cruelty was the spectacle that presented itself! The poor boy's back and body ;
were one mass of raw, trembling, skinless, parti-putrid, lacerated flesh ! Ra-
vines, as it were, in his carcase, had been cut by the lash, and he appeared, al-
together, a victim of the most wanton and heartless cruelty which it was possi- i
ble for other tha1
a fiend to inflict. All we could learn of this monstrous cruelty
|
we had from the old negro who helped the boy along; we give it for what it is
|
worth, premising that we shall seek for the authentic facts of the case and lay j
them before the public.
The old negro said that he and the boy belonged to C. Donniburg, who lives
|

at the corner of Annunciation and Richard streets , that Donniburg lost a watch,
I
and charged the boy with stealing it, Some ten or fourteen days since he had
>
him put in the police jail of the First Municipality, and there, by Ms order, says
|
the old man, was the inhuman punishment inflicted on him. The boy himself
j
says that he received twenty-five lashes a day from the day he Was imprisoned,
[
till Thursday last, The old man, by direction of his master, was taking him
j
home; but two citizens, seeing that he must die by the way, informed Recorder
I
Baldwin of his condition, who promptly had him brought to the police office,
j
where he was examined by Di Pieton.
As the doctor examined the wounds, they were necessarily exposed to the
|
bystanders, who, by an involuntary exclamation, expressed their indignation
•
against his torturer. The doctor pronounced the boy in a precarious condition,
'
but said that by proper treatment he might recover, and advised that he should
be sent to the Charity Hospital. The Recorder ordered that he be at once taken
there, and thither was he carried by the police, on a litter—his back upward."
The Selma Free Press, not long since, contained the following advertisement.
Think of the ingratitude of this slave in running away. He ought to have been
" contented and happy :"
"#25 REWARD.—Absconded from the subscriber's plantation, near Benton,
Alabama, on the 18th of September last, a negro man named NED. He is very
black.-ordinary height, say five and a half feet; is branded on the forehead with
tJie letters A. M. arid on, each cheek with the letters J. G. The former he probably
conceals by allowing his hair to cover it, and the latter are concealed by whiskers,
and an examination may be necessary to discover them. As he will doubtless re-
fuse to disclose his real owner's name, these brands are sufficient to identify him.
I will pay the above reward of twenty-five dollars for apprehending and lodg-
ing him in any jail, so that I can get him, and giving me information of the
same at Selma, Alabama ; and a reasonable additional reward will be paid, if
!
delivered to me, or to Mr. R. A. Nicoli,, of Mobile.
ANTHONY M. M1NTER.
The Rev, Dr. Babcock of a Baptist Church, we believe of Baltimore, thus
describes a colored preacher whom he met in Montgomery, Alabama.
" The afternoon of the Lord's day is uniformly devoted to the benefit of the
colored congregation, who attended with interest and pleasure, and listened to a
: sermon by one of their own race. Caesar, the speaker on this occasion is a
middle-aged man, of ordinary height, spare, and somewhat bent in form, with
|
pleasant countenance, voice, and manner, and sometimes really eloquent. On
this occasion he delivered a plain instructive discourse apparently well adapted
: to the occasion. At the close of it, they allowed a brief appeal in behalf of the
: Bible cause, to which they liberally contributed. Then came the conference of
j
the colored church members, and the examination of candidates for Baptism.
:
This was conducted principally by Caesar, in conjunction with the pastor and
;
clerk of the white church, of which all these descendants of Africa are mera-
;
bars. * * * The opening address of Coesar to these candidates
;
argued well in this respect. He seemed to understand that he was dealing with
j
unlettered, imaginative, impulsive beings, and he cautioned them accordingly.
I
*
Don't tell us about dreams, visions, voices, and such like, but let us know how
I
you have regarded 3
r
ourselves, how you felt, and how your character appeared
;
before God. Then tell us how you were led to hope", and on what you rely.'
j
In brief, we may say, that both the examiner, and the candidates before him
gave pleasing evidence that they were taught of the Lord."
Now, reader, what do you suppose this intelligent minister of the gospel is 1
Hear the Doctor further :
" Caesar is still a slave; and what is very peculiar, his ownership is now
vested in the association of which this church is a member ! ! ! He is con-
stantly employed by them, in ministerial and missionary labor, and God greatly
blesses his efforts. Would to Heaven that all of us who have been bought with
an infinite price, and profess that we are not our own, might serve our better
Master as faithfully as this humble but devoted minister !"

Mr. Selby, a Wesleyan Methodist clergyman, relates in a M.ethodist paper
under date of Cambridge. Ohio, Feb, I84G, the following facts:
" There is a colored man living within the bounds of my field of labor,
(Leesburgh District,) who, according to his free papers, is one hundred and
I fourteen )
r
ears old ; he was a slave until he was seventy j-'ears old, at Which
I
time he was bought by his present wife's -father for four ntiridVed dollars. Dur-
s ing his stay in Slavery he was the subject of very cruel treatment, he was often
1 severely flogged, the truth of which his back fully exhibits, in being perfectly
callous and white, from his neck to his hee'Is. During his abode in Slavery he
was also the husband of four wives, one of whom was sold with her children
to the far South, no more to be embraced by their husband and father ; another
died in child-bed from exposure, her only accommodation being a little straw on
the ground in a cold hut : another was whipped in the afternoon, and in the
night was delivered of a child, and next morning died with het child also;
they were shrouded with some kind of clothes, a hole was dug in the earth,
and mother and child were thrown in together, and covered up with as little
ceremony as of if they had been hogs/'
* * * " * * * * * * * * * *
" The man alluded to above, relates the following. He being what is gen-
erally termed a house servant, had frequently to prepare milk today or egg-nogg,
for whipping occasions ; one morning he was ordered to prepare some drink,
and bring it, with a stand, and necessary vessels, to the shade of a large oak.
He did as he was bid. and found in the shade his master and another' slave- j
owner ; soon one of the plantation slaves was called by the master, and soon
made his appearance near the place of blood, but when he saw the company,
the drink, and other things, his heart failed, and he retreated, and sought refuge
in a pond of water that was hard by. But alas, he was pursued by the demons
in human shape, who commanded him to surrender and come forth. He re-
fused j a musket was sent for and brought. He was then told that he would be
called three times, and if he did not come forth he would be shot down ; he was
called once, twice, three times, he refused to yield, his master raised his musket,
took deliberate aim and fired ; the poor slave bounded up, fell back, and sunk to
rise no more. Blood, blood, blood, crieth to God from the pond, for the poor
slave's blood mixed with the water and turned it a crimson color for several
yards around."
The Rev. Mr. Boucher, a Methodist minister, related at a public meeting in
Cincinnati a most revolting instance of inhumanity and hypocrisy which oc-
curred under his own observation.
" While he was on the Alabama Circuit, he spent a Sabbath with an old
circuit preacher, who was also a doctor, living near the '
Horse Shoe,' celebrat-
ed as Gen. Jackson's battle ground. Early Monday morning, he was- reading
Pope's Messiah to Mr. Boucher, when his wife called him out. Mr. Boucher
glanced his eye out of the window, and saw a slave man standing by, and the
husband and wife consulting over him. Presently the doctor took a raw-hide
from under his coat, and began to cut up the half-naked back of the slave.
Several inches of the skin turned up, perfectly white, at every stroke, until the
whole back was red with gore. At first, the lacerated man cried out in his ago-
ny, at which the Doctor and Divine cried out at every stroke, '
Won't ye
hush ! Won't ye hush !' till finally the slave stood still, and bore the tortures
with only a groan.
" As soon as he had completed his task, the Doctor came in, panting, and al-
most out of breath, and addressing Mr. Boucher, said, '
Won't you go to prayer
with us, sir ?' The amazed circuit rider fell upon his knees and prayed, utter-
ing he hardly knew what. When he left the house, the poor creature of a slave
had crept up and knelt at the door during prayer, with his body gory with blood
down to his very heels."
Edward Smith, of Pittsburgh, Pa., a popular Methodist minister, in a recent
discourse on Slavery, states that the slaveholders in the section of Virginia in

which he formerly resided did not pretend to justify themselves from the Bible,
until they were induced to do so by a leading Doctor of Divinity. He says :
—
" The'Doctor made the important discovery that Slavery was not sinful, that
the relation was sanctioned by the Holy Scriptures. He was at that time a
professor in one of the schools of the prophets, L e. a Theological Seminary.
This important discovery, which was a soothing unction to the oppresser's soul,
was made known in an ecclesiastical association of my native State, Virginia.
**
This Rev. Doctor made another discovery which did him little more credit
than this- that it was a sin for a slave to pray to the Almighty on the Sabbath
day, if the master was administering needful chastisement He was a slave-
holder, and a severe one too, and often, with his own hands, he applied the cow-
hide to the naked backs of his slaves. On one occasion, a woman that served
in the house, committed en Sabbath morning, an offense of too great magnitude
to go unpunished until Monday morning. In towns and cities in the South,
slaves are whipped, for the most part, in cellars, to prevent their cries from being
heard so far as they would be under other situations. This is not the case on j
the plantations. The dwellers in towns are not willing to let the neighborhood I
in which they live know how often they whip their slaves. The Doctor lived
j
in a town, and on this occasion took his woman in the cellar, and, as is usual j
in such cases, stripped her from her waist up, and then applied the lash. The j
woman writhed and winced under each stroke, and cried, '
Oh Lord ! Oh Lord !
Oh Lord!' The Doctor stopped, and his hands fell to his side as though struck
with the palsy ; he gazed on the woman with astonishment, and thus addressed
her, (the congregation must pardon me for repeating his words;) '
Hush, you
bitch, will you take the name of the Lord in vain on the Sabbath day "?' He
finished whipping, and then went and essayed to preach that Gospel to his con-
gregation which proclaims liberty to the captive, and the opening of the prison-
!
doors to them that are bound. This was ttie man who made the important dis- j
covery that slavery was not sinful ; and surely he was just the man for such a
DISUNOIK—By Wendell Phillips.
"Instinct is a great thing," says Shakspeare: and it is remarkable how
instinctively every anti-slavery movement, for the last fifty years, has found
itself arrayed against the Union ; and how instinctively, also, every such move-
ment has been branded by the South as treasonable. Both tendencies were
right. The abolitionist finds no readier foe —no greater obstacle than the
Union : and the lover of the Constitution of 1781) knows that slavery and the
Constitution will die together. All anti-slavery men have felt this;—most of
them without being fully conscious of it. But the merit and glory of the
American Anti-slavery Society have been, that we have plainly seen, and as
frankly confessed, that our warfare is with the American Union, and that we
expect success only in its downfall.
We seek the Dissolution of the Union, because the inhabitants of a country
must either support or oppose the Government. They cannot be neutral. Their
silenee is sanction. But .this Government we cannot support, because it
requires of its citizens things which no honest man can do; and, secondly, be-
cause its chief result has been to give greater stability, strength and extension
to the slave system.
But for the fear of Northern bayonets, pledged for the master's protection, the
slaves would long since have wiping a peaceful emancipation from the fears of
their oppressors, or sealed their own redemption in blood.
But for the countenance of the Northern Church, the Southern conscience
would have long since awakened to its guilt, and the impious sight of a Church
made up of slaveholders and ealted the Church of Christ, been scouted from
the world.
But for the weight of Northern influence, Louisiana had never been bought,
and then there never would have been a domestic slave trade ; Texas had
never been stolen ; nor the Floridas usurped ; nor any means of ease found for
the serpent, which, girdled with the fire of the world's scorn, was dying by its
own sting.
The North supplies the ranks of the army. Witness the muster-rolls of the

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