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CASE STUDY ON
UNIVERSAL JOINT YOKE & DRIVE SHAFT
FATIGUE FAILURE IN POWER
TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
GROUP MEMBERS: -
1. Rupesh N. Waje
2. Rutvij A. Wakalkar
3. Saideep M. Vakte
4. Vinayak J.Umate GUIDED BY: -
5. Sumit M. Khobragade Mr. S. P. Dhavane
POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
UNIVERSAL JOINT
Universal joint is a positive mechanical joint
used for connecting shafts, whose axes are
inclined at an angle to each other.
FUNCTIONS: -
Used to connect shafts in rotation
High torque transmission efficiency
Permits angular displacement
UNIVERSAL JOINT
UNIVERSAL JOINT FAILURES
BRINELLING SPALLING END GALLING
WELD YOKEFATIGUE/SHOCK BURNED TRUNOIN
FATIGUE FAILURE OF UNIVERSAL JOINT
Four analyses has been done as follows:-
• Spectroscopic Analyses
• Metallographic Analyses
• Hardness Measurement
• Finite Element Analyses
SPECTROSCOPIC ANAYLYSES
• Material for yoke: - AISI 5046H (Low Alloy Steel)
Mechanical Properties: -
Tensile Strength: - 1750 MPa
Yield Strength: - 1400 MPa
Good combination of strength, toughness, ductility
Fe C Si Mn Cr Mo S P
Yoke
Material
97.91 0.50 0.18 0.92 0.34 0.044 0.035 0.0027
AISI
5046H
98 0.44-0.5 0.23 0.88 0.28 - 0.04 0.035
METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES
• Microstructure contains Pearlite and Ferrite
• Material not quenched for sake of protection of
toughness
• Fine Pearlite formation as a result of air cooling
HARDNESS MEASUREMENT
• Rockwell A scale
• Mean Hardness Value : - 50.2 HRA
FINITE ELEMENT ANAYLYSES
DRIVE SHAFT
Functions: -
• To transfer the engine torque from gearbox or
differential to wheel
• To compensate for all variations in angle or length
resulting from maneuvering and deflection for
perfect synchronization between joints.
DRIVE SHAFT
DRIVE SHAFT FAILURES
Case study on universal joint yoke & drive shaft fatigue failure in power transmission system
SPECTROSCOPIC ANAYLYSES
• Material for yoke: - AISI 94B30H (Low Alloy Steel)
Mechanical Properties: -
Tensile Strength: - 1700 MPa
Yield Strength: - 1550 MPa
Boron steel having good formability
Fe C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo B S P
Shaft
material
98.21 0.32 0.2 0.81 0.31 0.14 0.059 0.0005 0.022 0.002
7
AISI
94B30H
97.7-
98.49
0.27-
0.33
0.15-
0.30
0.70-
1.05
0.25-
0.55
0.25-
0.65
0.08-
0.15
0.0005-
0.003
0.040 0.035
METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES
• Decrement in carbon content of surface region
• Structure consists of Martensite and Ferrite
• High Temp. heat treatment
HARDNESS MEASUREMENT
• Outer surface hardness is less than inner surface
(10%)
FINITE ELEMENT ANAYLYSES
CONCLUSION
• Failures of both is result of fatigue process
• High stress points should be identified in case of
universal joint
• Modification can be done at as a material addition to
inner part of yoke.
• Surface heat treatment of drive shaft should be done
at joining
THANK YOU

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Case study on universal joint yoke & drive shaft fatigue failure in power transmission system

  • 1. CASE STUDY ON UNIVERSAL JOINT YOKE & DRIVE SHAFT FATIGUE FAILURE IN POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM GROUP MEMBERS: - 1. Rupesh N. Waje 2. Rutvij A. Wakalkar 3. Saideep M. Vakte 4. Vinayak J.Umate GUIDED BY: - 5. Sumit M. Khobragade Mr. S. P. Dhavane
  • 3. UNIVERSAL JOINT Universal joint is a positive mechanical joint used for connecting shafts, whose axes are inclined at an angle to each other. FUNCTIONS: - Used to connect shafts in rotation High torque transmission efficiency Permits angular displacement
  • 5. UNIVERSAL JOINT FAILURES BRINELLING SPALLING END GALLING
  • 7. FATIGUE FAILURE OF UNIVERSAL JOINT Four analyses has been done as follows:- • Spectroscopic Analyses • Metallographic Analyses • Hardness Measurement • Finite Element Analyses
  • 8. SPECTROSCOPIC ANAYLYSES • Material for yoke: - AISI 5046H (Low Alloy Steel) Mechanical Properties: - Tensile Strength: - 1750 MPa Yield Strength: - 1400 MPa Good combination of strength, toughness, ductility Fe C Si Mn Cr Mo S P Yoke Material 97.91 0.50 0.18 0.92 0.34 0.044 0.035 0.0027 AISI 5046H 98 0.44-0.5 0.23 0.88 0.28 - 0.04 0.035
  • 9. METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES • Microstructure contains Pearlite and Ferrite • Material not quenched for sake of protection of toughness • Fine Pearlite formation as a result of air cooling
  • 10. HARDNESS MEASUREMENT • Rockwell A scale • Mean Hardness Value : - 50.2 HRA
  • 12. DRIVE SHAFT Functions: - • To transfer the engine torque from gearbox or differential to wheel • To compensate for all variations in angle or length resulting from maneuvering and deflection for perfect synchronization between joints.
  • 16. SPECTROSCOPIC ANAYLYSES • Material for yoke: - AISI 94B30H (Low Alloy Steel) Mechanical Properties: - Tensile Strength: - 1700 MPa Yield Strength: - 1550 MPa Boron steel having good formability Fe C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo B S P Shaft material 98.21 0.32 0.2 0.81 0.31 0.14 0.059 0.0005 0.022 0.002 7 AISI 94B30H 97.7- 98.49 0.27- 0.33 0.15- 0.30 0.70- 1.05 0.25- 0.55 0.25- 0.65 0.08- 0.15 0.0005- 0.003 0.040 0.035
  • 17. METALLOGRAPHIC ANALYSES • Decrement in carbon content of surface region • Structure consists of Martensite and Ferrite • High Temp. heat treatment
  • 18. HARDNESS MEASUREMENT • Outer surface hardness is less than inner surface (10%)
  • 20. CONCLUSION • Failures of both is result of fatigue process • High stress points should be identified in case of universal joint • Modification can be done at as a material addition to inner part of yoke. • Surface heat treatment of drive shaft should be done at joining