1. Micro- Organisms In Our
Daily Life
RAQUEDAN, RODEBELLE P.
TEACHER
HSNHS-ANNEX
2. What are micro-
organisms?
A microorganism is a microscopic
organism which may be single cell or
multicellular organism . The study of
microorganisms is called microbiology.
5. Bacteria• Bacteria constitute a large domain of prokaryotic
microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria
have a number of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and
spirals.
6. • Bacteria were among the first life forms to appear on Earth,
and are present in most of its habitats. Bacteria inhabit soil,
water, acidic hot springs, radioactive waste,and the deep
portions of Earth's crust. Bacteria also live in symbiotic and
parasitic relationships with plants and animals. They are also
known to have flourished in manned spacecraft. There are
typically 40 million bacterial cells in a gram of soil and a
million bacterial cells in a millilitre of fresh water. There are
approximately 5×1030 bacteria on Earth,forming a biomass
which exceeds that of all plants and animals.Bacteria are
vital in recycling nutrients, with many of the stages in
nutrient cycles dependent on these organisms, such as the
fixation of nitrogen from the atmosphere and putrefaction.
12. Characteristics of Bacteria:
• With cell wall -
Protects the cell and
maintains its shape,
bacteria can be
catagorized according
to their cell wall type:
Gram positive walls
are thick with little
lipid. Gram negative
walls are much
thinner, with two
layers.
Vibrio
21. Characteristics of Fungi• Eukaryotic
• Nonphotosynthetic ( heterotrophic)
• Most are multicellular
• Most are microscopic molds or yeasts
The study fungi is known as MYCOLOGY.
22. Structure of Fungi
• Filaments of fungi are
called hyphae.
• The cell walls contain
chitin.
• The MYCELIUM is a mat
of hyphae visible to the
unaided eye ( bread mold)
• Some hyphae may divided
by cross sections called
septa
Septated
Unseptated - coenocytic
23.
24. STRUCTURE OF FUNGI
• made up of hyphae (filaments), collectively called
mycelium
mycelium
• cell walls contain chitin (also found in insect and
crustacean exoskeletons)
• plant cell walls contain ???
• eubacteria cell walls contain ???
29. Characteristics of Fungi
• The bodies of multicellular fungi are composed of many hyphae tangled together into a
thick mass called a mycelium.
30. How do Fungi get their food?
• Saprobes – secrete enzymes into dead organic matter and then absorb the
nutrients from the decomposition
• Ex. Mushrooms/ bread mold
• Parasites – secrete enzymes onto things that are alive and absorb nutrients
from the host
• Ex. Ringworm/ “Athlete’s Foot”
32. Structure and Function of Bread Mold
• Black bread mold, Rhizopus stolonifer, is a zygomycete.
(Division Zygomycota)
• Black bread mold has three types of hyphae:
• Rhizoids are rootlike hyphae that penetrate the bread's surface.
• Stolons are stemlike hyphae that run along the surface of the bread.
• Sporangiophores are strands of hyphae that support the spore case
39. Anatomy of Rhizopus
• Rhizoids – primitive roots
• Stolon – hyphae “runners”
• Sporangiophore – support hyphae
• Sporangium – spore case
• Spores – reproductive cells (asexual)
• + and – hyphae – function in conjugation
• Zygote – results from +/- gamtes fusing
• Zygospore – protective covering
40. Fungi
CHARACTERISTICS EXPLANATION
1. SIZE 10 μm – 100 μm
( 1 μm = 0.001 mm)
2. SHAPE
Spherical Network of filament
3. MODES OF
NUTRITION
Saprophytic and Parasitic
4. HABITAT Dark and damp places include decaying matter and bodies
of living organisms
5. REPRODUCTION Asexual (Budding, Spore formation) and Sexual
(Conjugation)
