Gordon’s Personal View of Personal Computing: before the PC
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Vintage Computer Society 27 September 1998 Gordon Bell
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Gordon’s Personal View of Personal Computing: before the PC
- 1. Gordon’s Personal View of Personal Computing: before the PC Vintage Computer Society 27 September 1998 Gordon Bell [email_address] http://www.research.microsoft.com/~gbell
- 3. Apple II
- 5. Micral
- 6. In the beginning: Manchester “Baby” ran the first program 22 June 1948
- 7. English Electric Deuce Console 1955
- 8. Whirlwind c1953 … 1st generation, 16-bit word; 4 KB memory; 8 K drum Whirlwind begot TX-O/TX-2 begot DEC PDP-1 Real time, first compiler, ECAD, text editor
- 9. Whirlwind console, drum, 1 Kw core
- 10. SAGE Control Room c 1962. Whirlwind used for first experiments.
- 11. SAGE (Semi-Automatic Ground Environment) Operator Console
- 12. TX-0 Console c1959… one of the first transistorized personal computers Speech, handwriting recognition, neuro data analysis, etc. Interactive editors, debuggers, etc.
- 13. MIT Speech group with TX-0, c1959.
- 14. DEC Computer before PDP-11 1957 1961 1963
- 15. DEC PDP-1 c1961
- 16. Wes Clark & LINC c1962: Personal computers for bio-medical research
- 17. PDP-5 c1964: PDP-8 predecessor Process control, real time experiments. Fortran ran in 4 K, 12 bit words
- 18. Gbell with LINC and PDP-8 c1965
- 19. PDP-8: first mini First OEM computer. OS/8 (from timesharing) begot RT-11 begot CPM
- 20. PDP-8 Modules
- 21. PDP-8/E
- 22. PDP-8 and Linc Family Tree
- 23. PDP-8 12 bit word price (t)
- 24. PDP-8 prices (t)
- 25. Timesharing: given everyone their own, low cost, personal computer
- 26. PDP-6 c1965 : First commercial time shared computer. Gbell & Alan Kotok
- 27. PDP-6 Development team c1965
- 28. PDP-6/10/ DECsystem 10/20 family tree
- 30. Equating yourself to the average “user/buyer” is risky . . . unless you’re an average user.
- 31. Why didn’t Digital lead personal computers? That’s another talk…