1.
Edexcel GCSE 9-1 Psychology Topic 11 Research Methods
Issues of reliability and validity(pp. 139-140)
Learning objectives:
1) To learn about issues of reliability and validity in samplingmethods, experimental design, and
quantitative andqualitative methods.
Task 2:
Thinking back to the studies we have looked at, complete the following table.
Topic Studies Reliable
sampling?
Reliable
design?
Valid
sampling?
Valid
design?
Qual or Quan
data?
Objective or
subjective?
1) Development Piaget & Inhelder
(1956)
‘Three Mountains’ task
Gunderson et al.
(2013)
Parent Praise to 1-3
Year Olds Predicts
Children’s
Motivational
Frameworks 5 Years
Later

2.
2) Memory Bartlett
(1932)
The War of the Ghosts
Peterson and Peterson
(1959)
Short-term Retention
of Individual Verbal
Items
3) Psychological problems Caspi et al.
(2003)
Influence of Life Stress
on Depression:
Moderation by
Polymorphism in the
5-HTT gene

3.
Young
(2007)
Cognitive Behaviour
Therapy with Internet
Addicts: Treatment
Outcomes and
Implications
4) Brain & neuropsychology Damasio et al.
(1994)
The Return of Phineas
Gage: Clues About the
Brain from the Skull of
a Famous Patient
Sperry
(1968)
Hemisphere
Deconnection and
Unity in Conscious
Awareness

4.
5) Social Influence Pilavian et al.
(1969)
Good Samaritanism:
An Underground
Phenomenon?
Haney, Banks and
Zimbardo
(1973)
A Study of Prisoners
and Guards in a
Simulated Prison
6) Criminal Psychology Bandura, Ross and
Ross
(1961)
Transmission of
Aggression through
Imitation of Aggressive
Models

5.
Charlton et al.
(2000)
Children’s Playground
Behaviour Across Five
Years of Broadcast
Television: A
Naturalistic Study in a
Remote Community
9) Sleep and dreaming Freud
(1909)
Little Hans: Analysis of
a Phobia in a Five-
Year-Old Boy
Siffre
(1975)
Six Months Alone in a
Cave