This document discusses breast cancer screening and prevention. It outlines three components of screening: genetic screening, breast screening, and cancer prevention. Breast screening involves breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE) by a doctor, and mammograms, MRI, or ultrasound for high-risk patients. Mammography is recommended annually starting at age 40 or earlier for high-risk women. MRI may supplement mammography for those at high lifetime risk. Ultrasound can be used for dense breasts. Regular BSE and screening can find lumps earlier than no screening or occasional screening. Risk factors include obesity, lack of exercise, not breastfeeding, alcohol use, hormone therapy, and not having children. Prevention aims

1. BREAST CANCER SCREENING AND PREVENTION
Dr. Rekha Arya
MBBS,MD RADIATION ONCOLOGY

8. Three components of screening
Genetic
Screenin
g
Breast
Screenin
g
Cancer
Preventio
n

10. • Breast self examination (BSE)
• Clinical Breast Examination (CBE)
• Mammograms / MRI /USG B/L BREASTS FOR HIGHT RISK
PATIENTS

11. • Opportunity for woman to
become familiar with her breasts
• Monthly exam of the breasts and
underarm area
• May discover any changes early
• Begin at age 20, continue
monthly
Self Breast Examination Steps

12. • Menstruating women- 5 to 7 days after the
beginning of their period
• Menopausal women - same date
each month
• Pregnant women – same date each
month
• Takes about 10 minutes
• Perform BSE at least once a month
• Examine all breast tissue
When to do BSE

13. Self Breast Examination Steps
• Stand before a mirror and look at both
breasts.
• Check for anything unusual, such as
nipple retraction, redness, puckering,
dimpling or scaling of the skin.
• Look for nipple discharge.

14. • Next, press hands firmly on hips
and lean slightly toward mirror as
you pull your shoulders and
elbows forward with a squeezing
or hugging motion.
• Look for any change in the normal
shape of your breasts.

15. • Looking in the mirror, raise arms and
rest hands behind head.
• This allows to see the underside of the
breasts

16. • Place left hand on waist, roll
shoulder forward and reach into
underarm area and check for
enlarged lymph nodes
• Also check the area above and
below clavicle
• To be done on both sides

17. • Raise left arm.
• Use the pads of three or four fingers of right
hand to examine left breast.
• Use three levels of pressure (light, medium
and firm) while moving in a circular motion.
• Beginning at the outer edge of breast, use
flat part of fingers, moving in circles slowly
around the breast.
• Gradually make smaller and smaller circles
toward the nipple.
• Check behind the nipple as well

18. Lie flat on back with left arm over head and a pillow or folded
towel under left shoulder

19. Use three levels of pressure (light, medium and firm) while moving in a circular
motion

20. Clinical Breast Examination
• Performed by doctor
• Annually for women over 40yrs
• At least every 3 years for women between
20 and 40 yrs
• More frequent examination for high risk
patients

21. Clinical Breast Examination

22. Screening Mammography
• Breast cancer screening is
performed in asymptomatic
women so that disease can
be detected earlier
• It was first advocated in
1950s
• In the US, it starts at 40 years
in general population
annual screening may
• For women at high risk,
be
started at an earlier age.

23. Mammography procedure
Each breast is compressed
horizontally between two plates for
imaging
Each breast is compressed
diagonally between two plates for
imaging

24. MRI Screening
• The role of MRI screening is rapidly evolving
• ACS guidelines (2011) recommend screening MRI as a supplement
to yearly mammography beginning at age 30 for women who have a
high lifetime risk (>20%–25% risk).
• Routine use of MRI screening for the general population is not
recommended because of the high cost and high false positive rate
• Overall, studies have found high sensitivity for MRI, ranging from
71% to 100% versus 16% to 40% for mammography in high risk
populations

25. Ultrasound Screening
• Ultrasound is a complementary tool to mammography for the
diagnosis of breast cancer
• The NCCN recommends ultrasound for those women
presenting with a dominant mass or asymmetric thickening or
nodularity
• The role of screening ultrasound is in dense breast

26. Average-size lump found by woman practicing occasional
breast self-exam (BSE)
Average-size lump found by woman practicing regular
breast self-exam (BSE)
Average-size lump found by first
Mammogram
Average-size lump found by getting regular
mammograms

30. PreventionBreast Cancer Risk Factors
that can be
A l l
women a re
at r i s k
Obesity E xe rcise
B reastfeeding Alco h o l
Hormone
Rep lacement
Therapy
Not having
c hildre n

32. Save your beloved ones

34. THANK YOU