As new projects get started by the business manager, functions are assigned to
projects, as shown by the small circles on the intersections of the project and function lines. (On any particular project, not all functions would necessarily be present.) Each circle represents one or more people.
A quality management system will include a quality manual, which in turn includes a number of standards, guidelines and procedures that are applied within the organization.
The quality manual will require that each project develops its own quality plan, which must comply with the guidelines laid down in the quality manual.
The quality management system itself is likely to want to claim conformance to some
external national or international standard for quality (e.g. ISO 9001).