Internet of things

Internet of Things (IoT)
Ramiro Cid | @ramirocid
ramirocid.com ramiro@ramirocid.com Twitter: @ramirocid

2
Index
1. Introduction Slide 3
2. History of Internet of Things Slide 5
3. Applications Slide 6
4. Use of Internet of Things (TODAY) Slide 7
5. Use of Internet of Things (NEAR FUTURE) Slide 10
6. Criticism and controversies Slide 13
7. Sources used and webs to expand knowledge Slide 14

Introduction
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the interconnection of uniquely identifiable embedded computing devices within the existing Internet
infrastructure.
Typically, IoT is expected to offer advanced connectivity of devices, systems, and services that goes beyond machine-to-machine
communications (M2M) and covers a variety of protocols, domains, and applications. The interconnection of these embedded devices
(including smart objects), is expected to usher in automation in nearly all fields, while also enabling advanced applications.
Integration with the Internet (“Cloud of Things” in other words) implies that devices will utilize an IP address as a unique identifier.
However, due to the limited address space of IPv4 (which allows for 4.3 billion unique addresses), objects in the IoT will have to use
IPv6 to accommodate the extremely large address space required, this is an important and necessary upgrade to be done, because,
according to Gartner, there will be nearly 26 billion devices on the Internet of Things by 2020.

Introduction
A thing, in the Internet of Things, can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder, an
automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low, a refrigerator, a security camera, etc.
Internet of Things is a combination between 2 different worlds: Physical World and Virtual World, both need the other.

History of Internet of Things
Although the concept of “Internet of Things” wasn't named until 1999, the Internet of Things has been in development for decades.
The first Internet appliance, for example, was a Coke machine at Carnegie Melon University in the early 1980s. The programmers
could connect to the machine over the Internet, check the status of the machine and determine whether or not there would be a cold
drink awaiting them, should they decide to make the trip down to the machine.
The concept of the Internet of Things first became popular through the Auto-ID Center at MIT and related market-analysis
publications. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) was seen as a prerequisite for the Internet of Things in the early days. If all
objects and people in daily life were equipped with identifiers, computers could manage and inventory them. Besides using RFID, the
tagging of things may be achieved through such technologies as near field communication, barcodes, QR codes and digital
watermarking.
Nowadays the vision of the Internet of Things has evolved due to a convergence of multiple technologies, ranging from wireless
communication to the Internet and from embedded systems to micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). This means that the
traditional fields of embedded systems, wireless sensor networks, control systems, automation (including home and building
automation), and others, all have contributions to enable the Internet of Things (IoT).

Applications
The ability to network embedded devices with limited CPU, memory and power resources means that IoT finds applications in nearly
every field:
1. Environmental Monitoring: sensors to assist in environmental protection by monitoring air or water quality, atmospheric, etc.
2. Energy Management: Integration of sensing and actuation systems, connected to the Internet, is likely to optimize energy
consumption as a whole
3. Infrastructure Management: Monitoring and controlling operations of urban and rural infrastructures like bridges, railway tracks
4. Industrial Applications: Network control/management of manufacturing equipment, asset and situation management, or
manufacturing process control
5. Building and Home Automation: Monitoring and controlling the mechanical, electrical and electronic systems used in various
types of buildings
6. Transport Systems: Assist in integration of communications, control, and information processing across various transportation
systems
7. Large Scale Deployments: There are several planned or ongoing large-scale deployments of the IoT, to enable better
management of cities and systems (example: Start cities)
8. Medical and Healthcare Systems: IoT devices can be used to enable remote health monitoring and emergency notification
systems (telemedicine)

Use of Internet of Things (TODAY)
Nowadays there are hundreds (or thousands) of different types of use of Internet of Things. Companies, individuals use it, is present
in our homes, mobile (and not mobile) devices (smart phones, tablets, mp3, etc.), home appliances (TV, washing machines,
refrigerators, etc.), telemedicine devices (included devices inside our bodies like heart monitor implants).
We will see in the next slides some used of Internet of Things we have nowadays.

Internet of things in our homes

Extended use of Internet of things

Use of Internet of Things (NEAR FUTURE)
In the near future the use of Internet of Things will be unmeasurable and maybe unthinkable. Companies and individuals will do an
extensive use of all kind of technologies, all connected in Internet. Nearly 26 billion devices on the Internet of Things by 2020
(according to Gartner).
We will see in the next slides some used of Internet of Things we will have in a few years.

Growing evolution

Forecast for 2020

Criticism and controversies
While many technologists though the Internet of Things as a step towards a better world, scholars and social observers have doubts
about the promises of this computing revolution.
a. Privacy, autonomy and control: Regarding the use of the very big amount of data (following Big Data concept), there’s simply no
way to forecast how these immense powers -- disproportionately accumulating in the hands of corporations seeking financial
advantage and governments craving ever more control
b. Security: A different criticism is that the Internet of Things is being developed rapidly without appropriate consideration of the
profound security challenges involved and the regulatory changes that might be necessary. In particular, as the Internet of Things
spreads widely, cyber attacks are likely to become an increasingly physical (rather than simply virtual) threat
c. Design: Given widespread recognition of the evolving nature of the design and management of the Internet of Things, sustainable
and secure deployment of Internet of Things solutions must design for "anarchic scalability." Application of the concept of
anarchic scalability can be extended to physical systems, by virtue of those systems being designed to account for uncertain
management futures. Successful execution of the Internet of Things requires consideration of the interface's usability as well as
the technology itself. These interfaces need to be not only more user friendly but also better integrated
d. Environmental impact: A concern regarding IoT technologies pertains to the environmental impacts of the manufacture, use, and
eventual disposal of all these semiconductor-rich devices. Modern electronics are replete with a wide variety of heavy metals and
rare-earth metals, as well as highly toxic synthetic chemicals. This makes them extremely difficult to properly recycle.

Sources used and webs to expand knowledge
“How Fast Is The Internet Growing?” - Author The Connectivist | URL: http://www.theconnectivist.com/2014/05/infographic-the-growth-
of-the-internet-of-things/
“Ever Feel like Somebody is Watching You? They Are!” – Author: Privacy Professor
URL: http://privacyguidance.com/blog/ever-feel-like-somebody-is-watching-you-they-are/
“Six Ways To Define Your Internet Of Things Strategy” – Author: Frank Burkitt | URL:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/strategyand/2014/12/05/six-ways-to-define-your-internet-of-things-strategy/
“What is Internet of Things (IoT)?” Author: Margaret Rouse | URL: http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/Internet-of-Things
“What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?” - Definition from Techopedia” | URL: http://www.techopedia.com/definition/28247/internet-of-things-
iot
“The Internet of Things - IoT” - Gartner IT | URL: http://www.gartner.com/it-glossary/internet-of-things/
“Internet of Things” | Microsoft | URL: http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/internet-of-things.aspx
“Internet of Things (IoT)” - Cisco Systems | URL: http://www.cisco.com/web/solutions/trends/iot/overview.html
”Internet of Things” - Autor: Wikipedia | URL: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_of_Things

Questions ?
Many thanks !
Ramiro Cid
CISM, CGEIT, ISO 27001 LA, ISO 22301 LA, ITIL
ramiro@ramirocid.com
@ramirocid
http://www.linkedin.com/in/ramirocid
http://ramirocid.com http://es.slideshare.net/ramirocid
http://www.youtube.com/user/cidramiro

Internet of things

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