Pump and pumps classification.Introduction of Pumps.Applications of Pumps.Types of pump.Centrifugal Pump. Diaphragm pump.lobe pump.Positive displacement pump
Gear pump. Uses of pump.
2. INTRODUCTION
A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or slurries, by
mechanical action from one place to another.
Pumps operate by some mechanism (reciprocating or rotary), and
consume energy to perform mechanical work by moving the fluid.
Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual
operation, electricity, engines, or wind power.
6. CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Centrifugal pumps are the most used pump type in the world due to simple
working principle and relatively inexpensive manufacturing cost.
Common uses include water, sewage, petroleum and petrochemical pumping.
Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of rotational
kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow.
The rotational energy comes from an engine or electric motor.
7. How it works?
Fluid enters axially through eye of the casing, is caught up in the impeller
blades, and is whirled tangentially and radially outward until it leaves through
all circumferential parts of the impeller into the diffuser part of the casing.
The fluid gains both velocity and pressure while passing through the impeller.
The doughnut-shaped diffuser, or scroll, section of the casing decelerates the
flow and further increases the pressure.
8. Problems of centrifugal pumps:
These are some difficulties faced in centrifugal pumps:
Cavitation
Wear of the impeller
Corrosion inside the pump caused by the fluid properties
Overheating due to low flow
Leakage along rotating shaft.
Surge
9. Diaphragm Pump
A diaphragm pump (also known as a Membrane pump) is a positive
displacement pump that uses a combination of the reciprocating action of
a rubber, thermoplastic or Teflon diaphragm and suitable valves on either side
of the diaphragm (check valve, butterfly valves, flap valves, or any other form
of shut-off valves) to pump a fluid.
10. Diaphragm pump characteristics:
Have good suction lift characteristics
They can handle sludge and slurries
Suitable for discharge pressure up to 1,200 bar
Have good dry running characteristics.
Can be used to make artificial hearts.
Are used to make air pumps for the filters on small fish tanks.
Can be up to 97% efficient.
Have good self priming capabilities.
Can handle highly viscous liquids