1. Best Practices in Forest Road Engineering:
Building Sustainable Roads and Minimizing
Environmental Impact
A Regional Selected Eastern European Countries
Location: Lviv, Ukraine
Dates: August 30 – September 5, 2015
M-r Dejan Mandžukovski
Blaze Georgievski - forest eng.
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23. Optimization of the road network
The optimal density of the road network is calculated using
differential estimations from the total costs for transport, separately
for every mode.
The equation is used for calculating the optimal density on the
primary road network.
According to the research done, a connection between the density
of the road network and the volume of wood that would be used
when managing the forests can be established. In this way we can
get the value of the optimal density of the road network for any
plantation.
0
DTsum
DGkp
24. 3
0,0
5,0
10,0
15,0
20,0
25,0
30,0
35,0
40,0
100 200 300 400 500 600
[m³/ха]
Gkp[m/ha]
Table 1. Density of the road network according to the amount of wood coverage
Q[m /ha] 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Gkp [m/ha] 8,2 11,1 14,4 17,1 19,5 21,6 23,4 25,1 26,6 28,1
3
The data for the optimal density of the road network
according to the wood coverage
25. The road network in Republic of Macedonia
According to the data from Akimovski R. in the Republic of
Macedonia in 1966 there has been a truck roads network of
2.6 m/ha. The development and management of the forests
have also prompted the development of forest roads network.
According to the data collected from various sources, Table 3
presents the conditions of the road network in the Republic of
Macedonia in different time intervals. The data about the road
conditions in 1979 and 1982 are collected from the annual
statistic report. The data from 1990 is collected from a
research paper by Angelov S. and the data on the road
network condition in 1999, 2012 and 2015 are collected from
PE Macedonian Forests.
26. Development of the road network as a current
rate of road building
On the basis of an average value of the forest road building rate during the last
few years, we can see a future development of the forest roads network.
Thus, the average length of forest roads construction in the last few years has
resulted in 182,5 km of new forest roads.
As a result of this rate of newly constructed roads, we get the mathematical
projection of the future infrastructure development.
Graph: Forest road density trend depending on the time, calculated as an average rate of the
increase of new roads in the last few years
10.00
11.00
12.00
13.00
14.00
15.00
16.00
17.00
18.00
19.00
20.00
21.00
2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 2060
years
м/ха
Forest road
density trend
27. •According to the data collected from various sources, next Table presents the
conditions of the road network in the Republic of Macedonia in different time
intervals.
•The data about the road conditions in 1979 and 1982 are collected from the
annual statistic report.
•The data from 1990 is collected from a research paper by Angelov S. and the data
on the road network condition in 1999, 2012 and 2015 are collected from PE
Macedonian Forests.
Year
Area
Road
length
Forest roads Public roads
Dtrfirm soft
asph
alt
firm soft
asph
alt
ha km km km km km km km m/ha
1979 905.653 2.922 1206 1.716 3,23
1990 951.570 7.808 562 6.228 1.018 8,21
1999 953.430 9.687 1.157 5.244 187 606 676 1.817 10,16
2012 958.721 10.882 1.256 6.043 355 663 543 2.023 11.35
2015 987.545 13.263 1346 8185 406 675 556 2095 13.43
Table: Density of forest truck roads in the Republic of Macedonia
Previous Table shows the density of the road network that is constantly growing
and in 2015 has reached 13.43 m/ha.
