Introduction to Matter for Senior High School

1. GENERAL
CHEMISTRY I

2. Chemistry is a branch of
science that involves the
study of the composition,
structure and properties of
matter.

3. Chemistry is
THE STUDY OF
STUFF

4. a. I will be able to describe the particulate nature of the
different forms of matter
b. I will be able to classify the properties of matter
c. I will be able to differentiate pure substance and
mixtures; elements and compounds;
homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
d. I will be able to recognize the formulas of some common
substances
e. I will be able to discuss methods to separate the
components of a mixtures
f. I will be able to recognize chemical substances present in
some consumer products

5. a. Atoms
b. Chemical
properties
c. Compounds
d. Distillation
e. Elements
f. Extensive
properties
g. Filtration
h. Gas
i. Heterogeneous
mixtures
j. Homogeneous
mixtures
k. Intensive
properties
l. Ions
m. Liquid
n. Magnetic
separation
o. Mixtures
p. Molecules
q. Physical
properties
r. Pure
substances
s. Solid

6. Why is it easier to compress a stress ball than a rock?

7. How do the following particles differ from
each other: Atoms, Molecules, and Ions?
Atoms Molecules Ions

8. Solid Liquid Gas

10. a. How separated are
the particles in each
state of matter?
b. How free are the
particles to move in
each state of matter?
Solid: closely packed;
restricted motion
Liquid: far apart; free
movement
Gas: very far apart; very
free (chaotic) movement

12. Physical Chemical Extensive Intensive

13. a.What is the difference
between physical properties
and chemical properties?
b. How do the extensive
properties differ from the
intensive properties?

14. a. In physical
properties, no
change in
composition takes
place during the
determination or
measurement of
these properties.

15. On the other hand, in
chemical properties, a
change in composition
occurs during the
determination or
measurement of these
properties.

16. Extensive properties change their
value when the amount of matter or
substance is changed.

17. Meanwhile, intensive properties
do not change their value when
the amount of matter is changed.

18. Can you classify the following
examples as either physical or
chemical properties?

20. Can you classify the following
examples as either intrinsic or
extrinsic properties?

22. Mixtures Pure
Substances
Elements Compounds
Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Mixtures Mixtures

23. How do pure
substances differ
from mixtures?
Pure substances are
composed of only
one component,
while mixtures are
composed of
several
components.

25. In this activity, physical models, such as balls or
beads, will be used to illustrate that matter is
made up of particles. A ball or a bead will
represent an atom of an element, and a
combination of balls or bead will represent a
compound. A collection of single balls and/or
combined balls will be used to show the
difference between pure substances and
mixtures.

26. A. COMPOUND
B. MIXTURE
C. MONOATOMIC
D. DIATOMIC

27. a. Are the balls the
same or different?
b. Do the balls
represent a pure
substance or a
mixture?
c. Do the balls
represent an
element or a
compound?

28. A. COMPOUND
B. MIXTURE
C. MONOATOMIC
D. DIATOMIC

29. A. COMPOUND
B. MIXTURE
C. MONOATOMIC
D. DIATOMIC

30. A. COMPOUND
B. MIXTURE
C. MONOATOMIC
D. DIATOMIC

31. Determine their possible
chemical formulas.

32. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

33. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

34. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

35. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

36. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

37. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

38. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

39. If the gradient
balls are X and the
gray balls are Y,
determine the
chemical formula.
Also determine
whether it is a
mixture or a pure
substance.

40. What is the difference between elements and
compounds? Give examples of each.
Elements are pure substances that are made
up of only one kind of atoms. Possible
examples: iron; gold; mercury
Compounds are pure substances made up
of two or more kinds of atoms. Possible
examples: salt; sugar; water

41. What is the difference between
homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures?
A homogeneous mixture has a uniform
composition and exhibits the same properties in
different parts of the mixture.
A heterogeneous mixture has a nonuniform
composition and its properties vary in different
parts of the mixture.

43. Filtration: to separate
a solid from a liquid
in a heterogeneous
mixture using a
filtering membrane,
like paper or cloth

44. Distillation: to separate a liquid
in a homogeneous mixture

46. Magnetic separation: to
separate a magnetic solid from a
heterogeneous mixture

47. Decantation: to
separate a solid
from a liquid in a
heterogeneous
mixture based
on gravity

49. Sublimation:
to separate a
volatile solid
from a non-
volatile solid

51. CHEMICAL SYMBOLS AND
FORMULAE

52. A chemical symbol is a one- or two-letter designation
for an element derived from the element’s name.
These chemical symbols are used more frequently
than the elements’ names.

53. A chemical symbol is a one- or two-letter designation
for an element derived from the element’s name.
These chemical symbols are used more frequently
than the elements’ names.

54. Chemical symbols
can be written more
quickly than the
names, and they
occupy less space.
This includes H for
Hydrogen, O for
Oxygen, Cu for
Copper, etc.

56. Finally, information about compound
composition can be presented in a concise
way by using a chemical formula.

57. A chemical formula is a notation made up of the
chemical symbols of the elements present in a
compound and numerical subscripts (located to
the right of each chemical symbol) that indicate
the number of atoms of each element present in a
molecule of the compound.

58. The chemical formula for the compound water is
H2O. This chemical formula conveys the
information that a water molecule contains two
different elements—hydrogen (H) and oxygen
(O)—and 3 atoms—2 hydrogen atoms, and 1
oxygen atom.