SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 37
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
ravsa
Review of Literature
By
Mr. Ravi Rai Dangi
Assistant Professor
Fellowship in Neonatal Nursing
MSc. Child Health Nursing
ravsa
Review of Literature
 Review of literature is one of the most important steps in
the research process. It is an account of what is already
known about a particular phenomenon.
 The main purpose of literature review is to convey to
the readers about the work already done & the
knowledge & ideas that have been already established
on a particular topic of research.
 Literature review is a laborious task, but it is essential
if the research process is to be successful.
ravsa
According to H.M. Cooper, 1988-
A literature review uses as its database reports
of primary or original scholarship & does not report
new primary scholarship itself. The primary reports
used in the literature may be verbal, but in the vast
majority of cases, report are written documents. The
types of scholarship may be empirical, theoretical,
critical/analytic, or methodological in nature. Second
a literature review seeks to describe, summarize,
evaluate, clarify &/or integrate the content of primary
reports.
ravsa
Queensland University, 1999
A literature review is an evaluative report of
information found in the literature related to selected
area of study. There view describes, summarizes,
evaluates & clarifies this literature. It gives a theoretical
base for the research & helps to determine the nature of
research.
ravsa
 A literature review is a body of text that aims to
review the critical points of knowledge on a
particular topic of research.… (ANM, 2000)
 A literature review is an account of what has been
already established or published on a particular
research topic by accredited scholars & researchers.…
(University of Toronto, 2001)
ravsa
Importance of ROL
ravsa
 Identification of a research problem & development
or refinement of research questions.
 Generation of useful research questions or
projects/activities for the discipline.
 Orientation to what is known & not known about an
area of inquiry to ascertain what research can best
contribute to knowledge.
ravsa
 Determination of any gaps or inconsistencies in a
body of knowledge.
 Discovery of unanswered questions about subjects,
concepts or problems.
 Determination of a need to replicate a prior study
indifferent study settings or different samples or
size or different study populations.
ravsa
 Identification of relevant theoretical or conceptual
framework for research problems.
 Identification or development of new or refined
clinical interventions to test through empirical
research.
 Description of the strengths & weaknesses of
design/methods of inquiry & instruments used in
earlier research work.
ravsa
Purpose of Literature Review
ravsa
 To convey to the reader previous knowledge & facts
established on a topic, & their strength &
weakness.
 The literature review allows the reader to be
updated with the state of research in a field & any
contradictions that may exist with challenges
findings of other research studies.
 It helps to develop research investigative tools & to
improve research methodologies.
ravsa
 It also provide the knowledge about the problems
faced by the previous researchers’ while studying
same topic.
 Besides enhancing researchers’ knowledge about
the topic, writing a literature review helps.
 Place each in the context of its contribution to the
understanding of subject under review.
 Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory
previous studies.
ravsa
 Describe the relationship of each study to other
research studies under consideration.
 Identify new ways to interpret & shed light on any
gaps in previous research.
 Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent
duplication of effort.
 Point a way forward for further research.
 See what has & has not been investigated.
ravsa
 Develop general explanation for observed variations in
a behavior or phenomenon.
 Identify potential relationship between concepts & to
identify researchable hypothesis.
 Learn how others have defined & measured key
concepts.
 Identify data sources that other researchers have used.
ravsa
 Develop alternative research projects.
 Discover how a research project is related to the
work of others.
 Place one’s original work (in case of thesis or
dissertation) context of the existing literature.
ravsa
Sources
 Primary sources
 Secondary source
ravsa
Primary Sources
 Literature review mostly relies on primary sources,
i.e. research reports, which are description of studies
written by researchers who conducted them.
 A primary sources is written by a person who
developed the theory or conducted the research, or is
the description of an investigation written by the
person who conducted it.
 Most primary sources are found in published
literature.
ravsa
Secondary Sources
 Secondary source research documents are
description of studies prepared by someone other
than the original researcher.
 They are written by people other than the individuals
who developed the theory or conducted the research.
 The secondary sources may be used when primary
sources are not available or if researchers want
external opinions on an issue or problem or even the
results of their own research.
ravsa
Resources of literature review
 Encyclopedia
 Dictionary
 Electronic database
 Books
 Journals
 Conference
 Research reports
 Magazines
 Newspapers
ravsa
Steps
of literature review
ravsa
Understanding the concepts of research problems and
identifying the key research terms
ravsa
Identifying the relevant sources
ravsa
Searching for literature
ravsa
Analyzing and synthesizing the literature
ravsa
Writing the literature review
 Introduction
 Body
 Conclusion
ravsa
Points to be considered for
literature review
ravsa
Be specific
 Briefly state specific findings listed in an article,
specific methodologies used in a study, or other
important points.
 Literature reviews are not the place for long quotes or
in-depth analysis of each point.
ravsa
Be selective:
 Researcher should narrow down a lot of
information into a small space for literature review.
Just the most important points(i.e. those most
relevant to the review’s focus) must be mentioned
in each work of review.
ravsa
Focus of current topics:
 Researcher needs to analyze points such as if it is a
current article, & if not, how old it is: has its claims,
evidence or arguments been superseded by more
recent work; if it is not current, then if it is
important for historical background ; etc.
2019 2018
ravsa
Ensure evidence for claims :
Researcher should focus on what support is given for
claims made in literature. What evidence & what
type(experimental, statistical, anecdotal, etc.) of
evidences are offered? Is the evidence relevant &
sufficient? What arguments are given? What
assumptions are made, & are they warranted?
ravsa
Focus on sources of evidences:
Researchers should ensure the reliability of the sources
of the evidence or other information – if they are from
author’s own experiments, surveys, historical records,
government documents, etc. He should check how
reliable those
ravsa
Account of contrary evidences:
 Does the author take into account contrary or
conflicting evidence & arguments? How does the
author address disagreements with other
researchers?
 Opposite in nature
ravsa
Reference citation:
Any references cited in the literature review must be
included in the bibliography.
ravsa
Avoid abbreviations:
Avoid technical terms, jargons & abbreviations.
ravsa
Simple & accurate sentence structure:
A researcher should use simple sentences &
must avoid errors of grammar & punctuation
ravsa
Organization of literature review:
A literature review is organized by subtopic, not by
individual references. In a typical literature review,
the writers may cite several references in the same
paragraph & may cite the same reference in more
than one paragraph, if that source address more
than one of the subtopics in the literature review.
ravsa
Referring original source:
The reviewer should focus on citing the material
that originates with each reference. This may require
a careful reading of the reference. If the reference
author refers to another source whose ideas are
relevant or interesting, it is better to track & use that
original reference.

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Review of Literature
Review of LiteratureReview of Literature
Review of LiteratureEnoch Snowden
 
Formulation of Research Problem
Formulation of Research ProblemFormulation of Research Problem
Formulation of Research ProblemBhavya Patel
 
Lesson 2 selection of research topic
Lesson 2 selection of research topicLesson 2 selection of research topic
Lesson 2 selection of research topicDr. P.B.Dharmasena
 
Session 2 Literature Review
Session 2 Literature ReviewSession 2 Literature Review
Session 2 Literature Reviewenglishonecfl
 
Role of review of literature in research process
Role of review of literature in research processRole of review of literature in research process
Role of review of literature in research processKrishnanchalil
 
The literature review
The literature reviewThe literature review
The literature reviewBarryCRNA
 
Literature review in research methodology
Literature review in research methodologyLiterature review in research methodology
Literature review in research methodologyraison sam raju
 
Review of literature
Review of literature Review of literature
Review of literature JomilyJoyson1
 
4. review of literature
4. review of literature4. review of literature
4. review of literatureChanda Jabeen
 
Types of research designs
Types of research designsTypes of research designs
Types of research designsNighat Shaheen
 
Research design and types of research design final ppt
Research design and types of research design final pptResearch design and types of research design final ppt
Research design and types of research design final pptPrahlada G Bhakta
 
Developing Research Proposal
Developing Research ProposalDeveloping Research Proposal
Developing Research ProposalASAD ALI
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Writing a research report
Writing a research reportWriting a research report
Writing a research report
 
Research problem
Research problem Research problem
Research problem
 
Review of Literature
Review of LiteratureReview of Literature
Review of Literature
 
Formulation of Research Problem
Formulation of Research ProblemFormulation of Research Problem
Formulation of Research Problem
 
Research problem
Research problemResearch problem
Research problem
 
Lesson 2 selection of research topic
Lesson 2 selection of research topicLesson 2 selection of research topic
Lesson 2 selection of research topic
 
Session 2 Literature Review
Session 2 Literature ReviewSession 2 Literature Review
Session 2 Literature Review
 
Role of review of literature in research process
Role of review of literature in research processRole of review of literature in research process
Role of review of literature in research process
 
Research & its importance
Research & its importanceResearch & its importance
Research & its importance
 
The literature review
The literature reviewThe literature review
The literature review
 
Literature review in research methodology
Literature review in research methodologyLiterature review in research methodology
Literature review in research methodology
 
Research
ResearchResearch
Research
 
Review of literature
Review of literature Review of literature
Review of literature
 
4. review of literature
4. review of literature4. review of literature
4. review of literature
 
Research design ppt (1)
Research design ppt (1)Research design ppt (1)
Research design ppt (1)
 
Types of research designs
Types of research designsTypes of research designs
Types of research designs
 
Research question
Research questionResearch question
Research question
 
Research design and types of research design final ppt
Research design and types of research design final pptResearch design and types of research design final ppt
Research design and types of research design final ppt
 
Developing Research Proposal
Developing Research ProposalDeveloping Research Proposal
Developing Research Proposal
 
Research problem
Research problemResearch problem
Research problem
 

Ähnlich wie Review of literature in research

rrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdcca
rrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdccarrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdcca
rrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdccaShannySeverino
 
Review of literature.pptx
Review of literature.pptxReview of literature.pptx
Review of literature.pptxlavanya209529
 
Literature Review.pptx
Literature Review.pptxLiterature Review.pptx
Literature Review.pptxAbdetaImi
 
Lit rev importance in research methodology
Lit rev importance in research methodologyLit rev importance in research methodology
Lit rev importance in research methodologyafrahnoor2
 
Review of relat wps office
Review of relat wps officeReview of relat wps office
Review of relat wps officeFathimaKM3
 
Review of relat wps office new
Review of relat wps office newReview of relat wps office new
Review of relat wps office newFathimaKM3
 
Review of relat wps office new (3)
Review of relat wps office new (3)Review of relat wps office new (3)
Review of relat wps office new (3)SreejayaPV
 
Review of related literature
Review of related literature Review of related literature
Review of related literature SreejayaPV
 
Literature Review.ppt
Literature Review.pptLiterature Review.ppt
Literature Review.pptHadiTak1
 
ResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdf
ResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdfResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdf
ResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdfVaibhavKamble746472
 
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxUnit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxPraveen Kumar
 
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxUnit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxPraveen Kumar
 
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxUnit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxPraveen Kumar
 
Slide Presentation-rrl.pptx
Slide Presentation-rrl.pptxSlide Presentation-rrl.pptx
Slide Presentation-rrl.pptxJocelBaquilar
 
LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?
LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?
LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?Florence Suganya
 
Review of litreature.pptx
Review of litreature.pptxReview of litreature.pptx
Review of litreature.pptxNaruto405850
 

Ähnlich wie Review of literature in research (20)

rrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdcca
rrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdccarrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdcca
rrleasfcwedfcwedfcedfefsceasdasdceasdcasdcca
 
Review of literature.pptx
Review of literature.pptxReview of literature.pptx
Review of literature.pptx
 
Literature Review.pptx
Literature Review.pptxLiterature Review.pptx
Literature Review.pptx
 
Lit rev importance in research methodology
Lit rev importance in research methodologyLit rev importance in research methodology
Lit rev importance in research methodology
 
Review of relat wps office
Review of relat wps officeReview of relat wps office
Review of relat wps office
 
Review of relat wps office new
Review of relat wps office newReview of relat wps office new
Review of relat wps office new
 
Review of relat wps office new (3)
Review of relat wps office new (3)Review of relat wps office new (3)
Review of relat wps office new (3)
 
Review of related literature
Review of related literature Review of related literature
Review of related literature
 
Litrature review
Litrature reviewLitrature review
Litrature review
 
3.rm the literature review
3.rm the literature review3.rm the literature review
3.rm the literature review
 
Literature Review.ppt
Literature Review.pptLiterature Review.ppt
Literature Review.ppt
 
ResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdf
ResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdfResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdf
ResearchMethodologyandLiteratureReview_optimized.pdf
 
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxUnit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
 
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxUnit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
 
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptxUnit2-Literature Survey.pptx
Unit2-Literature Survey.pptx
 
Slide Presentation-rrl.pptx
Slide Presentation-rrl.pptxSlide Presentation-rrl.pptx
Slide Presentation-rrl.pptx
 
LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?
LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?
LITERATURE REVIEW- HOW TO MAKE YOURS COUNT?
 
Literature revies
Literature reviesLiterature revies
Literature revies
 
Review of litreature.pptx
Review of litreature.pptxReview of litreature.pptx
Review of litreature.pptx
 
Review.pdf
Review.pdfReview.pdf
Review.pdf
 

Mehr von RAVI RAI DANGI

Tuberculosis in Children
Tuberculosis in ChildrenTuberculosis in Children
Tuberculosis in ChildrenRAVI RAI DANGI
 
Difference between adult and child
Difference between adult and childDifference between adult and child
Difference between adult and childRAVI RAI DANGI
 
Ethical issue in Child Health Nursing
Ethical issue in Child Health NursingEthical issue in Child Health Nursing
Ethical issue in Child Health NursingRAVI RAI DANGI
 
National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children
National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children
National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children RAVI RAI DANGI
 
Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing
Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing
Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing RAVI RAI DANGI
 
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity RAVI RAI DANGI
 
Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis
Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis
Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis RAVI RAI DANGI
 

Mehr von RAVI RAI DANGI (20)

Tuberculosis in Children
Tuberculosis in ChildrenTuberculosis in Children
Tuberculosis in Children
 
Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis
 
Grief & Bereavement
Grief & BereavementGrief & Bereavement
Grief & Bereavement
 
Difference between adult and child
Difference between adult and childDifference between adult and child
Difference between adult and child
 
Preventive pediatrics
Preventive pediatricsPreventive pediatrics
Preventive pediatrics
 
Mental Retardation
Mental RetardationMental Retardation
Mental Retardation
 
HANDICAPPED CHILDREN
HANDICAPPED CHILDRENHANDICAPPED CHILDREN
HANDICAPPED CHILDREN
 
Anemia
AnemiaAnemia
Anemia
 
Hydrocephalus
HydrocephalusHydrocephalus
Hydrocephalus
 
Child rights
Child rightsChild rights
Child rights
 
Ethical issue in Child Health Nursing
Ethical issue in Child Health NursingEthical issue in Child Health Nursing
Ethical issue in Child Health Nursing
 
National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children
National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children
National Health Policy for children, Special laws relating to children
 
Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing
Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing
Trends and Modern concepts of Pediatric Nursing
 
Refractive error
Refractive errorRefractive error
Refractive error
 
Congenital Glucoma
Congenital GlucomaCongenital Glucoma
Congenital Glucoma
 
Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity Retinopathy of Prematurity
Retinopathy of Prematurity
 
Congenital cataract
Congenital cataractCongenital cataract
Congenital cataract
 
Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis
Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis
Vision disorder- Conjunctivitis
 
Hearing disorder
Hearing disorderHearing disorder
Hearing disorder
 
High risk neonate
High risk neonateHigh risk neonate
High risk neonate
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxEduSkills OECD
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...raviapr7
 
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfTechSoup
 
NOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdf
NOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdfNOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdf
NOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdfSumit Tiwari
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational PhilosophyShuvankar Madhu
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxDr. Santhosh Kumar. N
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphNetziValdelomar1
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfYu Kanazawa / Osaka University
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptxmary850239
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxDr. Asif Anas
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxiammrhaywood
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsEugene Lysak
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17Celine George
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptxPISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
PISA-VET launch_El Iza Mohamedou_19 March 2024.pptx
 
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdfPersonal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
Personal Resilience in Project Management 2 - TV Edit 1a.pdf
 
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
Patient Counselling. Definition of patient counseling; steps involved in pati...
 
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
How to Print Employee Resume in the Odoo 17
 
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
How to Add Existing Field in One2Many Tree View in Odoo 17
 
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quizPrelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
Prelims of Kant get Marx 2.0: a general politics quiz
 
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdfMaximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
Maximizing Impact_ Nonprofit Website Planning, Budgeting, and Design.pdf
 
NOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdf
NOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdfNOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdf
NOTES OF DRUGS ACTING ON NERVOUS SYSTEM .pdf
 
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education  and Educational PhilosophyPhilosophy of Education  and Educational Philosophy
Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
 
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptxM-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
M-2- General Reactions of amino acids.pptx
 
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a ParagraphPresentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
Presentation on the Basics of Writing. Writing a Paragraph
 
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdfP4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
P4C x ELT = P4ELT: Its Theoretical Background (Kanazawa, 2024 March).pdf
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
3.19.24 Urban Uprisings and the Chicago Freedom Movement.pptx
 
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptxUltra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
Ultra structure and life cycle of Plasmodium.pptx
 
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptxAUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
AUDIENCE THEORY -- FANDOM -- JENKINS.pptx
 
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George WellsThe Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
The Stolen Bacillus by Herbert George Wells
 
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
How to Add a many2many Relational Field in Odoo 17
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
 

Review of literature in research

  • 1. ravsa Review of Literature By Mr. Ravi Rai Dangi Assistant Professor Fellowship in Neonatal Nursing MSc. Child Health Nursing
  • 2. ravsa Review of Literature  Review of literature is one of the most important steps in the research process. It is an account of what is already known about a particular phenomenon.  The main purpose of literature review is to convey to the readers about the work already done & the knowledge & ideas that have been already established on a particular topic of research.  Literature review is a laborious task, but it is essential if the research process is to be successful.
  • 3. ravsa According to H.M. Cooper, 1988- A literature review uses as its database reports of primary or original scholarship & does not report new primary scholarship itself. The primary reports used in the literature may be verbal, but in the vast majority of cases, report are written documents. The types of scholarship may be empirical, theoretical, critical/analytic, or methodological in nature. Second a literature review seeks to describe, summarize, evaluate, clarify &/or integrate the content of primary reports.
  • 4. ravsa Queensland University, 1999 A literature review is an evaluative report of information found in the literature related to selected area of study. There view describes, summarizes, evaluates & clarifies this literature. It gives a theoretical base for the research & helps to determine the nature of research.
  • 5. ravsa  A literature review is a body of text that aims to review the critical points of knowledge on a particular topic of research.… (ANM, 2000)  A literature review is an account of what has been already established or published on a particular research topic by accredited scholars & researchers.… (University of Toronto, 2001)
  • 7. ravsa  Identification of a research problem & development or refinement of research questions.  Generation of useful research questions or projects/activities for the discipline.  Orientation to what is known & not known about an area of inquiry to ascertain what research can best contribute to knowledge.
  • 8. ravsa  Determination of any gaps or inconsistencies in a body of knowledge.  Discovery of unanswered questions about subjects, concepts or problems.  Determination of a need to replicate a prior study indifferent study settings or different samples or size or different study populations.
  • 9. ravsa  Identification of relevant theoretical or conceptual framework for research problems.  Identification or development of new or refined clinical interventions to test through empirical research.  Description of the strengths & weaknesses of design/methods of inquiry & instruments used in earlier research work.
  • 11. ravsa  To convey to the reader previous knowledge & facts established on a topic, & their strength & weakness.  The literature review allows the reader to be updated with the state of research in a field & any contradictions that may exist with challenges findings of other research studies.  It helps to develop research investigative tools & to improve research methodologies.
  • 12. ravsa  It also provide the knowledge about the problems faced by the previous researchers’ while studying same topic.  Besides enhancing researchers’ knowledge about the topic, writing a literature review helps.  Place each in the context of its contribution to the understanding of subject under review.  Resolve conflicts amongst seemingly contradictory previous studies.
  • 13. ravsa  Describe the relationship of each study to other research studies under consideration.  Identify new ways to interpret & shed light on any gaps in previous research.  Identify areas of prior scholarship to prevent duplication of effort.  Point a way forward for further research.  See what has & has not been investigated.
  • 14. ravsa  Develop general explanation for observed variations in a behavior or phenomenon.  Identify potential relationship between concepts & to identify researchable hypothesis.  Learn how others have defined & measured key concepts.  Identify data sources that other researchers have used.
  • 15. ravsa  Develop alternative research projects.  Discover how a research project is related to the work of others.  Place one’s original work (in case of thesis or dissertation) context of the existing literature.
  • 17. ravsa Primary Sources  Literature review mostly relies on primary sources, i.e. research reports, which are description of studies written by researchers who conducted them.  A primary sources is written by a person who developed the theory or conducted the research, or is the description of an investigation written by the person who conducted it.  Most primary sources are found in published literature.
  • 18. ravsa Secondary Sources  Secondary source research documents are description of studies prepared by someone other than the original researcher.  They are written by people other than the individuals who developed the theory or conducted the research.  The secondary sources may be used when primary sources are not available or if researchers want external opinions on an issue or problem or even the results of their own research.
  • 19. ravsa Resources of literature review  Encyclopedia  Dictionary  Electronic database  Books  Journals  Conference  Research reports  Magazines  Newspapers
  • 21. ravsa Understanding the concepts of research problems and identifying the key research terms
  • 25. ravsa Writing the literature review  Introduction  Body  Conclusion
  • 26. ravsa Points to be considered for literature review
  • 27. ravsa Be specific  Briefly state specific findings listed in an article, specific methodologies used in a study, or other important points.  Literature reviews are not the place for long quotes or in-depth analysis of each point.
  • 28. ravsa Be selective:  Researcher should narrow down a lot of information into a small space for literature review. Just the most important points(i.e. those most relevant to the review’s focus) must be mentioned in each work of review.
  • 29. ravsa Focus of current topics:  Researcher needs to analyze points such as if it is a current article, & if not, how old it is: has its claims, evidence or arguments been superseded by more recent work; if it is not current, then if it is important for historical background ; etc. 2019 2018
  • 30. ravsa Ensure evidence for claims : Researcher should focus on what support is given for claims made in literature. What evidence & what type(experimental, statistical, anecdotal, etc.) of evidences are offered? Is the evidence relevant & sufficient? What arguments are given? What assumptions are made, & are they warranted?
  • 31. ravsa Focus on sources of evidences: Researchers should ensure the reliability of the sources of the evidence or other information – if they are from author’s own experiments, surveys, historical records, government documents, etc. He should check how reliable those
  • 32. ravsa Account of contrary evidences:  Does the author take into account contrary or conflicting evidence & arguments? How does the author address disagreements with other researchers?  Opposite in nature
  • 33. ravsa Reference citation: Any references cited in the literature review must be included in the bibliography.
  • 34. ravsa Avoid abbreviations: Avoid technical terms, jargons & abbreviations.
  • 35. ravsa Simple & accurate sentence structure: A researcher should use simple sentences & must avoid errors of grammar & punctuation
  • 36. ravsa Organization of literature review: A literature review is organized by subtopic, not by individual references. In a typical literature review, the writers may cite several references in the same paragraph & may cite the same reference in more than one paragraph, if that source address more than one of the subtopics in the literature review.
  • 37. ravsa Referring original source: The reviewer should focus on citing the material that originates with each reference. This may require a careful reading of the reference. If the reference author refers to another source whose ideas are relevant or interesting, it is better to track & use that original reference.