Section 1 + 2 The Spirochetes  Aerobic\Microaerophilic, Motile,Helical\Vibroid,Gram Negative Bacteria

1. Section 1 + 2
The Spirochetes
AerobicMicroereophilic,
Motile,HelicalVibroid,Gram Negative Bacteria
Supervisor: Dr. Magda Aly
Prepared by Raghdah Malibari
2012 - 2013

2. Section I
The Spirochetes

3. Order: Spirochaetales
These order include two families:
(1)Family :
(2) Family : Leptospiraceae,
Spirochaetaceae, followed by
has 1 genus is Leptospira.
4 genus.
-The end is not usually coiled. -The end is usually coiled
- Diamino L – ornithine in
- Diamino-pimilic in
Piptedoglycan
Piptedoglycan.
-Facultative Anaerobic.
-Using A Carbohydrate and
Amino acid as a source of
Carbon and Energy.
-Microareophilic.
- Aerobic.
-Using fatty acid as a
source of carbon and
Energy.

4. Family
Spirochaetaceae

5. Genus: Spirochaeta
Occur in fresh and salt
water . Specially with
exist (H2S) > usually
found in waste water.

6. Genus: Cristospira
Have a Crista in different parts
of body cell.
Exist in abundance in the
intestinal tract of snails.
Can not grow in pure culture.
Cristispira balbiani

7. Genus: Borrelia
- Stained by alanin.
- Helical irregular.
- No flagellate.

8. There are 3 species caused disease for Human, Animal and Birds:
Spices
Borrelia
recurrentis
Borrelia
hermsii.
Borrelia
burgdorferi
Infection
Reservoir
Vector
Pediculus humanus
Replacing
fever
epidemic
Humans
( lousebrone)
Replacing Rodents, so Ornithodoros hermsi
fever
shelled
Endemic
ticks
(Tick- borne)
Rodents,
Ixodes spp.
deer,
Lyme Disease domestic
pets, hard
shelled
ticks

9. Genus: Treponema
-Regular Helical.
- Can not be stained by routine methods.
-Aerobic.
4 species causes diseases for human, 1 for Animal :
Genus
Treponema
Species
pallidum
pndemicum
pertenue
carateum
cuniculi
Disease
Syphilis
Bejel
Yaws
Pinta
Rabbit Syphilis

10. Treponema pallidum
-cause disease: Syphilis in human.
-Complex sexually transmitted
disease that has a highly variable
clinical course.
-No natural reservoir in the
environment, requires living host.
- Organism cannot be cultured from
clinical specimens

11. Treponema endemicum
-Causes non-venereal syphilis
known as bejel or endemic
syphilis.
-Typically spread among
children.
- Bejel is completely curable
with penicillin.

12. Treponema pertenue
-Causes disease Yaws.
-Non-venereal transmission,
transmitted by direct contact.
-Untreated disease not as severe as
syphilis, but lesions are more
persistent.
- Treat with penicillin.

13. Treponema caroteum
-Causes disease Pinta .
-More common in young
adults.
-Non-venereal, direct contact,
disease of skin.
- Treat with penicillin

14. Treponema cuniculi
-Not pathogenic for
humans.
- Causes rabbit syphilis.

15. Family
Leptospiraceae

16. Genus: Leptospiraceae
-After dye the species of this genus
apear as Treponema species.
- Aerobic.
- Some types of this genus are
parasitic and others heterotrophy.
Leptospira interrogans
Leptospirosis Clinical Syndromes:
 Mild virus-like syndrome
 (Anicteric leptospirosis) Systemic with aseptic meningitis
 (Icteric leptospirosis) Overwhelming disease (Weil’s
disease)

17. Section II
Helical or VibrioidGram –negative
BacteriaAerobicMicroaereophilic
Motile

18. This section includes 8 genus can distinguish themselves by the
following characteristics :
(A) Vibrioid or Helical cells.
1- Bacteria NOT associated with human or animal naturally, and
do not have a detrimental effect on other bacteria or algae.
- Bacteria usually found in fresh water.
- Bacteria found in or on the roots of plants or free-living soil.
- Bacteria found in marine water.
2- Bacteria associated with human or animal naturally, and do not
have a detrimental effect on other bacteria or algae.
- Bacteria found in the reproductive organs and the intestinal
tract.
- Bacteria cause mouse fever (disease affects human by mouse
bite) .
- Bacteria cause Diphtheria stomatitis in poultry.
3- Bacteria NOT associated with human or animal naturally, and
have a detrimental effect on other bacteria or algae.
(A) Straight Rods that have Biflagellate at each pole.

19. A.1. Bacteria usually found in fresh water
Genus: Aquaspirillium sp. Genus: Spirillum sp.
-Bipolar tufts of flagella.
-Inhibition occurs at a
concentration of 3% NaCl.
-Microereophilic.
-Can not demolish
Carbohydrate.
-Many flagellate in the end of cell.
-Inhibition occurs at a
concentration of 3% NaCl.
-Microaereophilic.
- Using Succinate as a source of
Carbon.
+
Oxidase
Phosphtase
+
Catalase
-
Indol
-
Sulfatase
-
Casein
-
Starch
-
Gelatin
-
Esculin
-

20. A.1. Bacteria found in or on the roots of
plants or free-living soil
Genus: Azospirillum
- Vibrioid cell , Moving in liquid environments by one
polar flagellate and in solid environment by side
flagellate.
- Have the ability to fixing nitrogen under
microareophilic conditions
- Grows well on Lactate , Succinate , Malate and
Pyruvatic.
- It can use the fructose and many monosaccharides
and not Disaccharides .
-Positive oxidase , G + C = 70%
- azospirillum biofertilizer

21. A.1. Bacteria found in marine water
Genus: Oceanospirillum
-Helical cells .
- Need sea water or sodium chloride for growth.
-Owns a bundle of flagella in both poles or one flagella
at each pole.
-Aerobic .
-It can not demolish carbohydrates.

22. A.2. Bacteria found in the reproductive
organs and the intestinal tract
Genus: Campylobacter
-Vibrioid or Helical cells.
- Moving by one flagella at each
poles.
- Microareophilic.
- It can not demolish carbohydrate .
-G + C = 30 – 38 %
- Have a role in food poisoning.

23. A.2. Bacteria cause mouse fever (disease
affects human by mouse bite) .
Genus: Spirillum minus
- Spirillum, Helical cells .
-Have one or more flagellate
at each poles.
- Can not isolated on
industrial nutritional media.

24. A.3 .Bacteria NOT associated with human or
animal naturally, and have a detrimental
effect on other bacteria or algae.
Genus: Vampirovibrio
Genus: Bedellovibrio
-Vibrioid cells.
-Small vibrioid cells .
-Moving by one non-envelope
flagellate .
- occure in soil, salt water , freshwater and
sewage.
- causing damage to Eukaryotic
and alga Chlorella.
-This genus does not penetrate
host cells.
- moving by one envelope flagellate in one
polar.
- Causing damage to some Gram-negative
bacteria.
-Aerobic , G + C = 33- 51.5 %
- G + C = 50 %