Presenting a topic based on introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnology. what is nano? certain nomenclature like nanotechnology, nanoscience, nanomaterial, nanoscale, nanometer and so on. surface to volume ratio and quantum effect related concepts. future applications. https://www.linkedin.com/in/preeti-choudhary-266414182/ https://www.instagram.com/chaudharypreeti1997/ https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100013419194533 https://twitter.com/preetic27018281 Please like, share, comment and follow. stay connected If any query then contact: chaudharypreeti1997@gmail.com Thanking-You Preeti Choudhary

1.  Submitted by: Preeti choudhary
 M.Sc.(Applied Physics)

2.  Nano –a prefix that means very very
small!
 A nanometer is one billionth of a meter.
 Nanoscale is actually Nanometer scale.
 Nanometer scale range from
approximately 100 nm to 1nm.
Source: Introduction to Nanoscience : S. M. Lindsay, Oxford, 2010.

3.  Source: http://www.materialsworld.net/nclt/docs/Introduction%20to%20Nano%201-18-05.pdf

4.  Nanoscience: It is the study of phenomena and
manipulation of materials at atomic, molecular and
macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly
macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly
from those at a larger scale.
 Nanotechnology: It can be define as the design,
characterisation, production and application of structures,
devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the
nanometer scale.
 Nanomaterial: It could be defined as those materials which
have structured components with size less than 100 nm at least in
one dimns.

5.  Ref: lusia filipponi and duncan sutherland interdisplinary nanoscience centre (iNANO) Aarhus university,
denmark september 2010

6.  Written by lusia filipponi and duncan sutherland interdisplinary nanoscience centre (iNANO) Aarhus
university, denmark september 2010

7.  Written by lusia filipponi and duncan sutherland interdisplinary nanoscience centre (iNANO) Aarhus
university, denmark september 2010

8.  Figure: Left, schematic evolution of the electron structure between
macroscopic solids and nanocrystals of decreasing size (the filling of electron
levels and energy bands are not indicated). HOMO and LUMO represent
respectively the topmost occupied level and the bottommost empty level.
 Right, Theoretical calculation of the gap calculated from the equation for the
nanocrystals of different semiconductors ZnO, ZnSe, CdS, CdSe and GaAs.

9. Representation of nanostructure (Energy Vs density)3D, 2D, 1D and
0D

10.  A property describes how a material acts under
 certain conditions.
 Types of properties:
 Optical (e.g. color).
 Electrical (e.g. conductivity).
 Physical (e.g. melting point).
 Chemical (e.g. reaction rate).
 Properties are usually measured by looking at
 large (~1023) aggregations of atoms or molecules.
 Written by lusia filipponi and duncan sutherland interdisplinary nanoscience centre (iNANO) Aarhus
university, denmark september 2010

11.  Classical mechanical models that we use to understand matter at the
macro scale break down for…
• The very small (Nanoscale) systems.
 Quantum mechanics better describes phenomena that classical physics
cannot, like…
• The colors of Nano gold
• .The probability (instead of certainty) of where an electron will be found.
• Below a certain length scale (that depends on interaction strengths) systems
must be described using quantum mechanics
 Sources: http://www.phys.ufl.edu/~tschoy/photos/CherryBlossom/CherryBlossom.html
 http://www.nbi.dk/~pmhansen/gold_trap.ht; http://www.sharps-jewellers.co.uk/rings/images/bien-hccncsq5.jpg

12. SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.UWGB.EDU/DUTCHS/GRAPHIC0/GEOMORPH/SURFACEVOL0.GIF
 As surface to volume ratio
increases
• A greater amount of a
substance comes in
contact with surrounding
material.
• This results in better
catalysts, since a greater
proportion of the
material is exposed for
potential reaction.

13.  There are basically two routes: a top-down approach and a bottom-up
approach.
 The idea behind the top-down approach is the following: An operator
first designs and controls a macroscale machine shop to produce an
exact copy of itself, but smaller in size. Subsequently, produce an exact
copy of itself, but smaller in size. Subsequently, this downscaled
machine shop will make a replica of itself, but also a few times smaller
in size.
 The concept of the bottom-upapproach is that one starts with atoms or
molecules, which build up to form larger structures. In this context,
there are three important enabling bottom-up technologies, namely (1)
supramolecular and molecular chemistry, (2) scanning probes, and (3)
biotechnology

14. Electronics
Coatings
Fuel Cells
Water filters
Composites
Drugs
Cancer Detection & Treatment