3. Introduction
The sodium sulfur battery is a high-temperature battery. It operates
at 300°C and utilizes a solid electrolyte, making it unique among the
common secondary cells. One electrode is molten sodium and the
other is molten sulfur and it is the reaction between these two that is
the basis for the cell operation.
4. Definition
A sodium–sulfur battery is a type of molten-salt battery
constructed from liquid sodium and sulfur. This type of
battery has a high energy density, high efficiency of
charge/discharge and long cycle life, and is fabricated
from inexpensive and non-toxic materials
5. Uses
The sodium–sulfur battery is formed by combining
the liquid states of the negative sodium and positive
sulfur electrodes. Both electrode components are in
a liquid state. It has been developed to provide the
energy and power density required for electric
vehicles.
6. Advantage
This rechargeable battery system has significant
advantages of high theoretical energy density (760 Wh
kg−1, based on the total mass of sulfur and Na), high
efficiency (~100%), excellent cycling life and low cost of
electrode materials, which make it an ideal choice for
stationary energy
7. Disadvantages
The battery type’s main disadvantage is that it requires a heat source for operational conditions.
This makes the battery more or less immobile and impractical for residential use, especially when
compared to the Li-ion rechargeable batteries currently employed on most mobile computing
devices. The most unfortunate of all, is it also drains part of the battery’s efficiency since the heat
source needed for continuing operation is maintained using part of the battery’s own stored energy
