key word : plastic , dry process , wet process,

1. Use of waste plastic in construction of
Bituminous road
Presented by:
Prashant Chouhan

2. Content
➡ INTRODUCTION TO PLASTIC ROAD
➡ NEED FOR THE STUDY
➡ WHAT IS PLASTIC
➡ ADVANTAGES & DIS-ADVANTAGES
➡ CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC WASTE:
➡ RAW MATERIALS
➡ METHODOLOGY
➡ PROCEDURE
➡ PLASTIC ROAD VERSUS CONVENTIONAL BITUMINOUS ROADS.
➡ CONCLUSION
➡ REFERENCES
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6. INTRODUCTION TO PLASTIC ROAD
❖ Recent studies in this direction have shown some hope in terms of using plastic -
waste in road construction i.e., Plastic roads.
❖ Plastic roads mainly use plastic carry-bags, disposable cups and PET bottles that are
collected from garbage dumps as an important ingredient of the construction material.
❖ When mixed with hot bitumen, plastics melt to form an oily coat over the aggregate
and the mixture is laid on the road surface like a normal tar road.
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7. NEED FOR THE STUDY
❖ To reduce the disposal problem of plastics.
❖ Reduce environmental pollution caused by plastic waste.
❖ To identify the optimum proportion of waste plastic to be added in the bitumen mix for getting the
required strength.
❖ Promote best usage of plastic waste for road construction thereby improving its durability, quality and
performance.
❖ Burning of these waste plastic bags causes environmental pollution.
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8. LITERATURE REVIEW
❖ Verma S.S. (2008). Concluded that Plastics will increase the melting point of the bitumen. This
technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increased the road life.
❖ Dr. R. Vasudevan. When it used for road construction it can withstand higher temperature and load.
The coating of plastics reduces the porosity, absorption of moisture and improves soundness. Hence
the use of waste plastics for flexible pavement is one of the best methods for easy disposal of waste
plastics
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9. WHAT IS PLASTIC
A material that contains one or more organic polymers of large molecular weight, solid in its finished state
and at some state while manufacturing or processing into finished articles, can be shaped by its flow.
Types of plastics
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10. ADVANTAGES
❖ This is a very simple technology which does not involve any special machines deployment or other advanced
skilled professionals.
❖ There is spot use of the waste plastic.
❖ These water proof roads provide considerably increased durability.
❖ No stripping of roads happens as this kind of roads resist the permeation of water.
❖ More employment can be generated as labours will be required in collection, segregation and shredding of waste
plastics.
❖ Multi‐layer films can be used which provide strength and durability.
❖ No maintenance will be required for years as the surface remains without any cracking or potholes.
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11. DIS-ADVANTAGES
❖ Cleaning process
Toxics present in the co-mingled plastic waste would start leaching.
❖ During the road laying process
In the presence of chlorine will definitely release noxious HCL gas.
❖ After the road laying
The components of the road, once it has been laid, are not inert.
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12. CHARACTERISTICS OF PLASTIC WASTE:
Thermal Study:
‣ At 130-1400C :- polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, get softened easily without any evolution of gas.
‣ At 3500C :- get decomposed releasing gases like methane, ethane etc.
‣ At 7000C :- they undergo combustion, producing gases like CO and CO2.
Binding Property:
‣ The molten plastic waste inhibits good binding property.
‣ There was no stripping at all.
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13. RAW MATERIALS
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A FLOW CHART ILLUSTRATING THE ROAD
CONSTRUCTION PROCESSES USING PLASTIC WASTE
1. It is an environmental friendly approach which
conserves energy. An impressive 50% of energy
saving in case of cold mix over hot mix has been
reported.
2. It is a suitable method particularly for construction
of roads in remote and isolated areas of a country.
3. The method is suitable for road construction in wet
or humid condition.
4. Cold mix is a versatile method due to availability of
a large number of grades of emulsion and cut backs.
METHODOLOGY
Advantages of cold mix over hot mix

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WET PROCESS

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A FLOW CHART DEMONSTRATING THE ‘DRY PROCESS’ OF MAKING
PLASTIC BITUMEN ROAD MATERIAL
1. Plastic is coated over stones - improving surface
property of aggregates.
2. Coating is easy & temperature required is same as
road laying temp.
3. Use waste should be 6-8 percent by weight of bitumen
depending on the climatic conditions of high and low
rainfall areas.
4. Doubles the binding property of aggregates.
5. No new equipment is required.
DRY PROCESS Advantages of dry process over hot process

17. PROCEDURE
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18. STEP 2 -:
The aggregate mix is heated to 165°c and transferred to mixing chamber. Amount of plastic to be added is
@x% of bitumen.
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MINI HOT MIX PLANTAGGREGATE TRANSFERRED TO PUDDLING
CHAMBER

19. STEP 3 -:
Similarly the bitumen is to be heated up to a maximum of 160°c to have good binding and to prevent weak
bonding.This plastics gets coated over the aggregate uniformly.
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WASTE PLASTICS MIXED WITH THE HOT
AGGREGATES

20. STEP 4 -:
Immediately the hot Bitumen at 160°C is added with the mixture.
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AGGREGATE PLASTIC BITUMEN
MIX
BITUMEN IS ADDED WITH COATED
AGGREGATE

21. STEP 4 -:
The mixture is transferred to the road and the road is laid.
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ROAD IS BEING LAID

22. PLASTIC MODIFIED VERSUS CONVENTIONAL
BITUMINOUS ROADS.
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Criteria Bituminous roads Plastic Modified Bituminous roads
Technology Expensive method
‣ Dry process can be practiced under all climatic conditions.
‣ % of plastic can be varied to modify the process to suit
different climatic conditions and topographical conditions.
‣ Cost effective as 10‐15% less bitumen is used and waste
plastic is consumed thereby reducing
Cost (1Km x 3.75 m road) ₹ 3,93,750 ₹ 3,67,875
Maintenance 5 years Nil up to 10 years
Fatigue resistance (MPa) 1.42 1.83
Rutting Yes No
Roughness More bumps 5200 Less Bump <4000
Stripping 5% in 24 h NIL if plastic content is > 6%
Moisture 4% 0‐2%

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Government Policy
framework authorities
Percentage of
plastic waste used
(%)
Bitumen grades
Processing temperature of
plastic—bitumen aggregate
mix (0
C)
With reference to Dr
Vasudevan’s work
10 80/100 170
CRRI 8 60/70 or 80/100 165
IRC 6‐8 IRC: 111‐2009 165‐180
CPCB 5‐20 60/70 or 80/100 155‐163
RECOMMENDED IN THE GUIDELINE BY ASSOCIATED
AUTHORITIES

24. CONCLUSION
❖ The use of the innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction.
❖ But also increased the road life as well as will help to improve the environment and also creating a
source of income.
❖ Plastics will increase the melting point of the bitumen.
❖ Plastic roads would be a boon for India’s hot and extremely humid climate, where temperatures
frequently cross 50°C and torrential rains create havoc, leaving most of the roads with big potholes.
❖ It is hoped that in near future we will have strong, durable and eco-friendly roads which will relieve
the earth from all type of plastic-waste .
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25. Overall the plastic road project is a great potential step towards sustainable
development where we think if this idea is carried out on a large scale has
tremendous effect to save our mother nature from the choke of plastics without us
limiting the use of plastics in our daily needs.
But it doesn’t mean to just use plastics blindly.
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26. REFERENCES
❖ R. Vasudevan. (2011) “A technique to dispose waste plastics in an ecofriendly way – Application in construction of
flexible pavements” Construction and Building Materials Vol. 8 Department of Chemistry, Thiagarajar College of
Engineering, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India, pp 311–320.
❖ Miss Apurva J Chavan - Use of plastic waste in flexible Pavements -ISSN 2319 – 4847, Volume 2, Issue 4, April
2013
❖ S.S.Verma - Roads from plastic waste - The Indian Concrete Journal - November 2008
❖ Kshitij Aditeya Singh -Use of Plastics in Road Construction Implementation of Technology and Roll out - CENTRE
FOR INNOVATIONS IN PUBLIC SYSTEMS November 2014
❖ IRC:SP:98-2013 GuidLINES FOR THE USEOF WASTE PLASTIC IN HOT BITUMINOUS MIXES (DRY
PROCESS) IN WEARING COURSES
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