Why agile is_struggling_in_india_iaw2013

www.unicomlearning.com
India Agile Week-2013
24th Oct 2013, Trivandrum
Why Agile is Struggling in India ?
Prabhath Kudaithur
Project Manager & Agile Coach
Sasken Communication Technologies Ltd.
www.agileinbusiness.com

Software Industry an Overview
UNICOM Presents
• Top 10 Indian IT Companies are Majorly IT services (about 60%)
companies [4] [15]
• Nine out of Top 10 US Tech companies are Products Companies [13]
• Global Software Industry’s Yearly Turnover is ~ $ 1750 bn
• Indian Software Industry’s Yearly Turnover is $ 100 bn(~ 6%), in which
$ 39.4 bn is exported to US. [7]
• US Software Industry’s Yearly Turnover is $ 735 bn (~ 42 %)
• Attrition at Indian IT Industry is about 15%
• Attrition at US IT Industry is about 3%

Agile Elephant (a perseption)
UNICOM Presents
Agile is Flat
Agile if ThinAgile is Fat
Agile is Flexible
Agile is Rigid

Top 10 Benefits of Agile Adoption
UNICOM Presents
Indian IT Companies [3] US IT Companies [1]
Ability to manage changing priorities Ability to manage changing priorities
Handle risk better /Reduce Risk Handle risk better /Reduce Risk
Improved project visibility Improved project visibility
Enhanced software quality Enhanced software quality
Faster time-to-market Faster time-to-market
Improved customer/end user satisfaction Improved/ increased engineering discipline
Improved team morale Improved team morale
Better alignment between IT & Business
Objectives
Better alignment between IT & Business
Objectives
Improved Productivity Increased productivity
Improved communications/collaboration Simplify development process

Top 12 Agile Practices Comparison
UNICOM Presents
Agile Practices in Indian IT [3] Agile Practices in US IT [1]
Release Planning Daily Stand Up
Daily Stand Up Iteration Planning
Iteration Planning Unit Testing
User Stories Retrospectives
Short Releases Release Planning
Collective ownership Burndown Charts/ Team-Based Estimation
Retrospection Know the teams Velocity
Dedicated Product Owner Coding Standards
Continuous Integration Continuous Integration
Visual Boards Automated Builds
Open Work Areas Dedicated Product Owner
Code Refactoring Integrated Dev /QA

Key Factors affecting Agile Adoption
UNICOM Presents
Awareness about Estimation Techniques:
i. 20% teams don’t use any estimation methodology [3]
ii. 47% teams still don’t use Story points based estimations [3]
Possible Reasons:
i. Lack of Skilled Resource
ii. General resistance for Change etc.
Solution:
i. Trainings on Iteration Planning and Estimation
ii. Coaching on Agile Practices

UNICOM Presents
Low Automation:
i. Automation of unit testing, build and code reviews is low
ii. Automation done at a later stage of the Project
Possible Reasons:
i. Lack of Skilled resource
ii. Budget Constraints etc.
Solution:
i. Training team about automations
ii. Invest in Automation tools
iii. Automate from the beginning of the project etc.

UNICOM Presents
Low Tools Usage:
i. Lack of Tools to support shorter iterations
ii. Lack of awareness about tools
iii. Low investment on tools
Possible Reasons :
ii. Budget Constraints etc.
Solution:
i. Training on Tools usage
ii. Invest in procuring the necessary tools

UNICOM Presents
Low Metrics Usage:
i. Low or No usage of Metrics such as Velocity, Defect Density,
Defect turn around time, Code Coverage
Possible Reasons:
ii. Lack of support from PM Community
iii. General Resistance for Change etc.
Solution:
i. Training on Traditional Metrics and Agile Metrics
ii. Customize Traditional Metrics for Agile

UNICOM Presents
Lack of Trainings:
i. 20% of organizations have only In-house Agile Trainings [3]
ii. Only organizations with 5+ years into Agile Adoption has
External Trainers and On the Job Trainings for their Teams [3]
Possible Reasons:
i. Budget Constraints
ii. Lack of support from Management
iii. General Resistance for Change etc.
Solution:
i. Educate everyone about Agile & its benefits
ii. Invest in Trainings and Coaching

UNICOM Presents
Lack Communication & Collaboration:
i. Lack of rapid and clear Communication among team members
ii. Collaboration with other organizational teams(IT,
Procurement, Finance etc.)
Possible Reasons :
i. Lack of coordinated Transition Effort
ii. Lack of tool to support short iterations etc.
Solution:
i. Invest in collaboration tools
ii. Educate and involve other organizational teams in the Agile
adoption journey

UNICOM Presents
Upfront Requirements & Designs :
i. Requirements are collected and finalized upfront at the start
of the project
ii. Complete System architecture is finalized upfront at the start
of the project
Possible Reasons :
ii. Lack of support from Management etc.
Solution:
i. Training on Agile Requirements Management
ii. Training on Design refactoring

UNICOM Presents
Low Maturity of Management Practices :
i. Some Management Practices take more time to mature[3]
ii. Only 6% of agile teams are self managing/organizing [3]
Possible Reasons :
ii. General Resistance for Change
iii. Lack of coordinated Transition Effort etc.
Solution:
i. Organizations need to have more rigor early in the Agile
adoption
ii. Trainings and Coaching on agile practices

UNICOM Presents
Low Maturity of Engineering Practices :
i. Usage of Engineering practices such as Continuous
Integration, Pair Programming, Code Refactoring, etc. are
low.
Possible Reasons:
ii. General Resistance for Change
iii. Lack of Tools to support shorter iterations etc.
Solution:
i. Invest in procuring the necessary tools[3]
ii. Invest in training and coaching

UNICOM Presents
Longer Transition Period:
i. It takes average 2 years to move away from Guesstimation [3]
ii. Engineering and Management Practices take time to mature
[3]
Possible Reasons :
ii. Lack of support from Management etc.
Solution:
i. Training and Coaching on Agile
ii. Form local Focus groups for training and coaching
iii. Get management support

UNICOM Presents
Low Organizational Commitment:
i. Need for change in mindset, for few in an organizations [3]
ii. Managers don't get an opportunity to be part of Scrum
Development Teams, often [15]
ii. Being Free from Methodology bias is key for Agile Adoption[3]
Possible Reasons :
i. General Resistance for Change
ii. Lack of Skilled resource etc.
Solution:
i. Educate everyone at the organization abut Agile

UNICOM Presents
Few Other Factors:
i. Barriers reported by senior management and Process
professionals for Agile adoption are higher when compare to
those of coaches, consultants and agile teams
ii. Customer Support is very low ,averaging below 10% [3]
iv. Lack of Trust
v. Lack of Organizational involvement and Interest
vi. Lack Support from Team members
v. Lack of support from Scrum Master

UNICOM Presents
Possible reasons:
i. General Resistance for Change
ii. Lack of Skilled resource
iii. Lack of coordinated Transition Effort
iv. Lack of Off-Shore Onsite co-ordination
v. Lack of Management Support etc.
Solutions:
i. Educate everyone at the organization abut Agile
iii. Invest in procuring the necessary tools

Agile Adoption Challenges Compared
UNICOM Presents
Faced by Indian IT Firms [3] Faced by US IT Firms [1]
Project Complexity Project Complexity
Lack of Skilled Resources Lack of Skilled Resources
General Resistance to Change General resistance to Change
Budget Constraints Budget Constraints
Lack of Management Support Lack of Management Support
Lack of coordinated Transition effort Inability to Change Organizational culture
Lack of support from PM community Trying to Fit agile elements into non-agile
projects
Agile Produces Insufficient documentation Less confidence on Agile’ s ability to Scale
Lack of Off-Shore Onsite co-ordination Lack of Customer collaboration
Agile Cannot handle maintenance Takes longer for adoption
Lack of tool to support short iterations

Conclusion: Suggestions to Improve Agile Adoption
UNICOM Presents
i. Get Management Support & Executive Sponsorship
ii. Focus on Engineering Practices such as Test Driven
development, Pair Programming, Continuous Integration etc.
iii. Invest in Agile Principles and Processes Trainings
iv. Invest in productivity tools for collaboration, automation of
Unit Testing, Build automation
v. Hire or contract Agile Coaches
vi. Get Knowledgeable Scrum Masters onboard
vii. Make the Customer Agile aware & involve him/her closely
viii. Form Integrated Development and QA teams
ix. Form Internal Agile focus groups
x. Try for Top-Down adoption, when possible

Organized by
UNICOM Trainings & Seminars Pvt. Ltd.
contact@unicomlearning.com
Speaker name: Prabhath Kudaithur
Email ID: contact.prabhath@gmail.com

References
UNICOM Presents
[1] http://www.versionone.com/state-of-agile-survey-results/
[2] http://leadinganswers.typepad.com/leading_answers/files/agile_suitability_filters.pdf
[3] BSPIN Agile Practice Benchmarking Report 2012
[4] http://www.shoutingblogger.com/2013/01/top-10-software-companies-of-india-
2013.html
[5] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology_in_India
[6] http://www.equitymaster.com/research-it/sector-info/software/Software-Sector-
Analysis-Report.asp
[7] http://www.deccanherald.com/content/320577/software-services-exports-grow-
10.html
[8] http://www.gartner.com/newsroom/id/1972515
[9] http://www.versionone.com/Agile101/Agile-Development-Success/
[10] http://programmers.stackexchange.com/questions/130119/is-agile-applicable-in-
product-development-companies-as-well

References … cont
UNICOM Presents
[11] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_industry
[12] http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-and-economy/info-tech/indian-
enterprise-software-market-to-reach-392-bn-in-2013-gartner/article4791290.ece
[13] http://www.forbes.com/sites/tomiogeron/2013/06/05/americas-fastest-growing-
tech-companies-2013/
[14] http://selectusa.commerce.gov/industry-snapshots/software-and-information-
technology-services-industry-united-states
[15] http://agilefaq.wordpress.com/2012/12/28/is-scrum-agile-dead-in-india/

Declaration
UNICOM Presents
The views mentioned in this presentation are purely author’s
own and ‘Sasken Communication Technologies Ltd.’ does not
subscribe to his views.

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