i have explained about "plant tissue" in previous slideshare (hope you visited).in this presentation i have explained about "plant tissue system" ,it made easy to learn and classified to get better knowledge on concept. it includes,epidermal tissue,trichomes ,stomata ,Development of stomata, Classification of stomata: based on development ,Classification of stomata: based on structure, shape and arrangements of subsidiary cell ,Agenous stomata, mesogenous stomata, Perigenous stomata ,Anomocytic stomata ,Anisocytic stomata,Diacytic stomata ,Paracytic stomata, Actinocytic stomata ,Gramineous stomata, root hairs, vasuclar tissue,xylem, Xylem vessel ,Tracheids, xylem Parenchyma,xylem fiber,phloem,Sieve tube, Companion cells ,phloem Parenchyma ,phloem Fibres,ground tissue, Cortex, Pericycle, Pericycle ,Pith..etc.

1. PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM!!
From,
Pavan rathod
COH-Mysuru

2. 1.Cell
2.Tissue
3.Tissue
system
4.Organ
5.Organ
system
6.Organisms
Epidermal tissue
Ground tissue
Vascular tissue

3. Vascular
tissue
Ground
tissue
Epidermal
tissue
T.S of stem

4. 1.EPIDERMAL TISSUE SYSTEM
• It is Outer most layer(Dermal
tissue)
• Derived from apical meristem
i.e.Protoderm
• Arial part of plant covered with
Non cellular cuticle
• Undifferentiated epidermal cells
are termed as pavement cell

5. FUNCTIONS
• Protects against water loss
• Helps in gas exchange
• Secrets metabolic compounds
• Absorbs water and mineral nutrients etc.

6. Epidermis include some specialized cell :
Trichomes
Root hair
Stomata

7. 1a.TRICHOMES
• Epidermal hairy like outgrowth on plant Arial surface .
• It can be
a. Unicellular or multicellular
b. Branched or unbranched
c. Straight or spiral or hooked

8. What’s the difference between Trichomes and
papillae?
Trichomes
• Larger than papillae
• Can be unicellular or
multicellular
• Generally there is only one
outgrowth per epidermal cell
Papillae
• Smaller than Trichomes
• It is unicellular
• Several small outgrowth on
each epidermal cell
Stigmatic papillae

9. FUNCTIONS
• Controls rate of respiration
• Reduces heating effect ,by reflecting sunlight
• Protects plants from outer injurious agencies
• Helps in Ion exchange
• Secretion of essential oils….etc.

10. Types of Trichomes
Stinging hair
Glandular hair Scale/peltate hair

11. 1b.STOMATA
• Leaf and stem epidermis is
covered with pores called
stomata
• Made up of two guard cell
(parenchyma) with
surrounding subsidiary
/accessory cells
• Shape of guard cell in
a. Dicot: bean shape
b. Monocot: dumbbell shape
• Note: guard cell regulate the
size of Stomatal pore
subsidiary cells

12. FUNCTIONS
• Regulate the flow of gases
in and out of leaves
• Maintains moisture and
pressure balance within the
plant.
• help in the process of
transpiration.

13. Development of stomata
Protoderm cell
Pavement cell Meristamoid
Guard mother cell subsidiary cells
Guard cell
Asymmetrical division
(Large cell) (Small cell)
Asymmetrical division
(Large cell)
(Small cell)
Daughter cell secretes the enzyme
pectinase to dissolve the middle lamellae
that is present in between the daughter cell.
Hence separate to form pore(stoma)
Epidermis
differentiate

14. Classification of stomata: based on development
1.Agenous: meristamoid only give
rise to guard cell
• No subsidiary cells
cells around guard
2.Mesogenous: Meristamoid give
rise to both guard cell and subsidiary
cell
• Both guard cell and subsidiary cell
Are from same origin
3.Perigenous : Meristamoid only give
rise to guard cell and where meristamoid
induces division in adjacent epidermal
cell to produce subsidiary cells
• guard cell and subsidiary cell are not
from same origin

15. Classification of stomata: based on structure,
shape and arrangements of subsidiary cell
1.Anomocytic: lack subsidiary cell 2.Anisocytic: posses unequal subsidiary
cells

16. 3.Diacytic :one or more pairs of SC’s with
their common walls at right angle to the
guard cells
4.Paracytic : posses one or more SC’s at
either of guard cell
5.Actinocytic :five radiating SC’s forming
a star-like circle around guard cell
6.Gramineous: two guard cells surrounded
by two lens-shaped subsidiary cells.

17. 1c.ROOT HAIR
• Also called Absorbent hair
• Tubular outgrowths of an
epidermal cell of a root
• They are found in the region of
maturation, also called the zone of
differentiation

18. Functions
• Increasing the surface area of
these hairs allows plants to be more
efficient in absorbing nutrients
• Prevent harmful bacterial organisms

19. 2.VASCULAR TISSUE SYSTEM
• Vascular tissue is comprised of the
xylem and the phloem
• Xylem :water and minerals transport
• Phloem :food transport
• Xylem and phloem are complex tissue,
composed of many different cell types.
Stem vascular tissue
Root vascular tissue

20. 2a.Xylem
Vessels Tracheids Parenchyma Fibres
Made up of
Tracheary elements:
Water conducting cells
Xylem

22. Xylem vessel Tracheids
• Dead cell
• lignified cell wall
• Lack content at maturity
• Larger than Tracheids
• Posses perforation plate
• Blunt ends
• Uniform water flow
between vessels via
perforation plate
• Dead cell
• lignified cell wall
• Lack content at maturity
• Smaller than vessels
• No perforation plate
• Tapering ends
• Zig-zag water movement
between Tracheids via
pits

23. Xylem vessel Tracheids
Zig zag

24. Parenchyma Fibre
• Living cell
• mainly involved in the
storage of carbohydrate,
fats and water conduction.
• Dead cell
• lignified walls.
• providing
mechanical support.

25. 2b.Phloem Phloem
Sieve elements
Made up of
Companion cells Parenchyma Fibres
Sieve tube: Sieve cells
In gymnosperm
in angiosperm
Note: Sieve element and companion cell
considered as sister cells , they arise from
same mother cell
• in gymnosperm companion cell is
replaced by albuminous cell
Sieve area

26. Sieve tube Companion cells
• Living cell
• Protoplasm lacks nucleus
• Transport sugars and
nutrients up and down the
plants and messaging
• Posses sieve tube plate
between sieve tubes
• Sieve areas, that connect
adjacent sieve tubes
• Living cell
• Dense cytoplasm with
prominent nucleus
• Specialized parenchyma cell
• Controls the activity of
sieve tube(where sieve
tube lacks nucleus)

27. Parenchyma Fibres
• Living cell
• Functions primarily for
food storage
• Dead cell
• Lignified cell wall
• providing mechanical
support
• E.g.: blast fibre, jute, hemp
blast fibre jute hemp

28. 3.GROUND TISSUE SYSTEM
• Includes other than those of the dermal
tissues and the vascular tissues.
those are
 Cortex
 Pericycle
 Pith ….etc.
• There are three fundamental types of
cells that make up a ground tissue, i.e.
 parenchyma
 sclerenchyma
 collenchyma cells
(Explained in plant tissue presentation…)

29. 3a.Cortex
• A cortex is an outer layer of
a stem or root in a plant,
lying below the epidermis but
outside of the vascular
bundles.
• There are two layers in
cortex
a. Hypodermis : outer layer
of cortex
b. Endodermis : inner layer
of cortex
T.S of Dicot stem
Hypodermis

30. 3b.Pericycle
• Encircling the vascular tissue in stems and roots.
• From where lateral roots arise in dicot root
T.S of Dicot stem

31. 3c.Pith
• It Is also called as Medulla
• Pith is composed of soft,
spongy parenchyma cells
• pith is located in the center
of the stem
• Pith is absent or poorly
developed in root

32. Thank you!!