spain presentation

1. Spain

2. • Spain (Spanish: España, [esˈpaɲa] (listen)), or the Kingdom of Spain
(Reino de España),[f] is a country primarily located in southwestern
Europe with parts of territory in the Atlantic Ocean and across the
Mediterranean Sea.[11][g] The largest part of Spain is situated on the
Iberian Peninsula; its territory also includes the Canary Islands in
the Atlantic Ocean, the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea,
and the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla in Africa. The
country's mainland is bordered to the south by Gibraltar; to the
south and east by the Mediterranean Sea; to the north by France,
Andorra and the Bay of Biscay; and to the west by Portugal and the
Atlantic Ocean. With an area of 505,990 km2 (195,360 sq mi), Spain
is the second-largest country in the European Union (EU) and, with
a population exceeding 47.4 million, the fourth-most populous EU
member state. Spain's capital and largest city is Madrid; other
major urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Zaragoza,
Málaga, Murcia, Palma de Mallorca, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
and Bilbao.

3. Flag

4. Coat of arms

5. • Anatomically modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around
42,000 years ago.[12] Pre-Roman peoples dwelled in the territory, in
addition to the development of coastal trading colonies by Phoenicians
and Ancient Greeks and the brief Carthaginian rule over the
Mediterranean coastline. The Roman conquest and colonization of the
peninsula (Hispania) ensued, bringing a Roman acculturation of the
population. Hispania remained under Roman rule until the collapse of the
Western Roman Empire in the fourth century, which ushered in the
migration of Germanic peoples and the Alans into the peninsula.
Eventually, the Visigoths emerged as the dominant power in the peninsula
by the fifth century. In the early eighth century, most of the peninsula was
conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate and during early Islamic rule, Al-
Andalus became the dominant peninsular power, centered in Córdoba.
Several Christian kingdoms emerged in Northern Iberia, chief among them
León, Castile, Aragón, Portugal, and Navarre and over the next seven
centuries, an intermittent southward expansion of these kingdoms, known
as Reconquista, culminated with the Christian seizure of the Emirate of
Granada in 1492. Jews and Muslims were forced to choose between
conversion to Catholicism or expulsion and the Morisco converts were
eventually expelled.

6. • The dynastic union of the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon
was followed by the annexation of Navarre and the 1580
incorporation of Portugal (which ended in 1640). In the wake of the
Spanish colonization of the Americas after 1492, the Crown came to
hold a large overseas empire, which underpinned the emergence of
a global trading system primarily fuelled by the precious metals
extracted in the New World.[13] Centralisation of the
administration and further State-building in mainland Spain ensued
in the 18th and 19th centuries, during which the Crown saw the
loss of the bulk of its American colonies a few years after the
Peninsular War. The country veered between different political
regimes; monarchy and republic, and following a 1936–39
devastating civil war, the Francoist dictatorship that lasted until
1975. With the restoration of Democracy under the Constitution of
Spain and the entry into the European Union in 1986, the country
experienced profound social and political change as well as an
important economic growth.

7. Major cities
Madrid

8. Barcelona

9. Valencia