1. IMO Model Course 1.28
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
2. The Goal of Crowd Management
To optimize the chances of survival of
passengers and crew during emergency
situations
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
3. Training Objectives
At the end of the session the trainees shall
be able to :
Familiarize with the life-saving and fire-fighting
equipment, and the use of
emergency control plans
Assist passengers en-route to muster
stations and emergency stations
Execute Mustering procedures through
effective communication with passengers
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
4. What is Crowd Management
is the disciplined and practical use of
acquired skills intelligently to be able to
control and direct crowds with threat of
panic en-route to muster stations in an
Emergency situation.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
5. What is panic ?
A reaction of flight, immobility and/or
disorganization stemming from intense
“fear”
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
6. BASIC INSTINCT
Prepares you to Fight
Prepares you to Run
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Brain on red alert
Adrenaline Rush
Extra muscle power
7. Basic Reaction Patterns
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
• Active – 10% to 30%
– WILLING TO DO SOMETHING
• Passive – 50% to 75%
– ONLY WAITING DOING NOTHING
• Panic – 1% to 3%
– OVERWHELMED with FEAR
8. An Introduction to STCW 95
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
9. What is STCW 78?
STCW stands for the International
Convention on Standards of Training,
Certification, and Watchkeeping for Seafarers
ratified in 1978.
– Entered into force 1984
– Ratified by most governments 1992
– Revised Convention signed 1995
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
10. Why the Revision?
• Casualties / human factor
• Lack of competence
• Changes in crew supply
• Varying education and training systems
• Good principles but not specific
• Insufficient backing for the authorities’
implement and control
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
11. STCW 95
Regulation for Passenger ship
The Regulation in the STCW
concerning passenger ship are:
Regulation V/2 – for RO-RO
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
passenger ships
Regulation V/3 – for
passenger ship other than
RO-RO passenger ships
12. Crowd Management Training
The crowd management training required by
STCW’95 as amended regulation V/3,
paragraph 4 for personnel designated in the
muster list to assist passengers in
emergency situations shall include, but not
necessarily be limited to :
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
13. Awareness of
Life Saving Appliances
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
14. Solas Approved Lifejackets
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
15. Other Solas Approved Lifejackets
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
16. Life Boats
Open Life Boats Enclosed Life Boats
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
17. Life Rafts
Pre fall Davit Launch
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
18. Life Ring & Life Bouy
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
19. Immersion Suit & TPA
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
20. Evacuation Slides & Chute
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
21. Fire Fighting Apparatus
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
22. Know Your Fire Extinguisher
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
23. Know Your Fire Extinguisher
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
24. Other Fire Fighting Apparatus
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
25. Control Plan
IMO symbols of LSA & FFA
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Ship’s Nomenclature
Location of Evacuation groups
Quantity & Type
Escape Routes
Doors & Ventilation
Fire Alarms & Fire Lockers
26. Control Plan
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
27. Ship’s Signage
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
28. Knowledge of Muster Lists
and
Emergency Instructions
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
29. Muster List or Station Bill
Is a valuable documents containing the
emergency duties and responsibilities of
each crew member, as well as lifeboat
embarkation and abandon ship.
Station bills/ muster list is to be found in
the bridge, engine control room, crew
mess room and crew accommodation’s
alleyways.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
30. Muster List or Station Bill
• The Muster List shows “Where all crew
members should be” during an
Emergency.
• Crew MUST fully understand the list and
the “Emergency Instructions that
accompany it”
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
31. Sample Muster List
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
32. Crew Muster Stations
GENERAL INSTRUCTION :
• All of the instructions on where you must
go in case of an emergency are listed on
your emergency card. It is also referred to
as the BOAT & FIRE DRILL CARD. This
card will be given to you shortly after you
sign on board the ship. It gives instructions
as to your responsibilities in cases of
emergency and during drills on board.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
33. Emergency CARD DUTIES
1. Know instructions on the card for:
(a) "BOAT DRILL" for "Abandon Ship“
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
emergencies.
(b) "FIRE DRILL" for "fire on board"
emergencies.
2. As a crew member, your participation in the
Boat and Fire Drills is extremely important
so far as ship's safety is concerned.
34. Emergency CARD DUTIES
3. It is the duty of each crew member to insure
that he/she is in possession of their own BOAT
AND FIRE DRILL CARD at all times. Each card
shows the date of issuance.
4. No excuse may be offered for being unable to
produce a BOAT AND FIRE DRILL CARD. Any
crew member without such a card must report
it immediately to the Officer on duty on the
bridge.
5. Upon sign-off, the BOAT AND FIRE DRILL
CARD must be turned in to the Department
Head
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
35. Sample Emergency Card
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
36. Muster Station
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
37. Knowledge of emergency exits
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
38. Ship’s Lay-out importance!
• It is very important for you to know your way
around the ship and find your way to your
muster station.
• You must learn how the ship is organized (the
layout) as soon as possible.
• A good way of doing this is to study the deck
plans color brochure and the "PAX AND CREW
STAIRS PLAN."
• Knowledge of common ship terms for
numbering systems, direction and levels will be
essential for you to know where you are on the
ship.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
39. Ship terms and definitions:
• PORT - The "left hand side" of the ship as you
face the bow. Cabins and equipment on the port
side will have even numbers (numbers that can
be divided by 2).
• STARBOARD - The "right hand side" of the ship
as you face the bow. Cabins and equipment on
the starboard side will have odd numbers
(1,3,5,7,9, etc.).
• FORWARD - Going towards the bow (front) of the
ship. Numbers on cabins and equipment will get
smaller as you go forward.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
40. Ship terms and definitions:
• AFT - Going towards the stern (back end)
of the ship. Numbers on cabins and
equipment will get larger as you go aft.
• DECK - Similar to a "floor" in a building on
shore. Decks are numbered from 0 (zero)
and increasing to usually a number less
than 20 (twenty). Decks can also have
names and are often color coded.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
41. Color Coded Decks
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
42. Restrictions on the use of
elevators
Execute posting of stewards to direct
passengers to use stairs not elevators in
an emergency
• Posting to restrict
passengers
• Equipment failure
• Safety devices failure
• No appropriate signage
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
43. Assistance to passengers en-route to
muster or embarkation stations
Initial and intermediate stages of
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
evacuation
Confusion & hindrance
Action of Passengers
Establish authority
44. Clear and Reassuring Orders
• Physical presence
• Location
• Clothing
• Attitude
• Simple orders
• Low pitch voice
• Repeat important information
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
45. Important in communication
The Passengers feels secured if
somebody looks up to them
USE A STAGE OR A high Platform or
table for you to be immediately seen by
PASSENGERS
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
46. Necessary when communicating
with passengers
“ STRENGTH of CHARACTER
and a WIDE
MEASURE of DIPLOMACY”
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
47. Areas of Posting
Arousing Passengers in Cabins
Corridors / Passage ways guide
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Stairway guide
Fire Screen Door Assist
Elevator lobbies
Intersections
Muster station personnel
48. Control of Passengers in
stairways & passageways
When Passengers Helpers is needed:
Big Group w/ children
Panic stricken passengers
Handicapped & passive
Hurt and Injured passengers
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
49. Escape Route
An escape route is the entire passage
way from your location up to the Muster
or Embarkation stations
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
50. Escape routes clear from
obstructions
Escape route typical obstructions
Laundry Trolleys
Bus boy push carts
Provision boxes
Luggage’s
Locked doors
Repair tools/equipment
Fire fighting equipment
Hard wares
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
51. Escape routes clear from
obstructions
Escape route typical obstructions
Sun deck chairs
Portable bars
Ornamental plants
Decors
Sports equipment
Blocked fire screen doors
Blocked water tight doors
Wheel chairs
Garbage bins
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
52. Evacuation of Disabled & Persons
Needing Special Assistance
Location of disabilities
Attitude of disabled passenger considered
Communication - calmly
Accompanying Persons
Life-support equipment
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Crowd Management
53. The Neil Robertson Stretcher
The casualty fully strapped is being
hoisted to a safe area
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
54. EMS Immobile – VAC Mattress
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
55. Search of accommodation spaces
Mark door of searched cabin
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Safety of team
Use proper equipment
Well communicated action
Coordinated action
Efficiency & speed
56. Mustering Procedures
Be familiar with the major considerations
to keep order and avoid panic
Know the importance of Passenger lists-roll
call’s, passenger’s clothing and
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
lifejackets donning’s
Do activities to distract – relieve tension of
passengers
Prepare passengers for abandon ship –
crocodile queue’s
57. Muster Station Personnel Tasks
1) Maintain calm. Seat all passengers if
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
possible
2) Explain lifejacket issue is precautionary
only
3) Issue lifejacket
4) Silence - Stand where you can be seen -
Demonstrate wearing of lifejacket
5) Instruct Passengers to Don Lifejackets
58. Muster Station Personnel Tasks
6) Instruct Passengers to Don Lifejackets
7) Assist where necessary. Ensure all are
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
worn correctly
8) Maintain calm - Reseat Passengers - Ask
for silence
9) Commence crew count
10) Detail crew members to assist old and
disabled passengers
11) Explain what is happening be factual need
to know basis only
59. Muster Station Personnel Tasks
12) Control parties are dealing with the
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
incident
13) Captain in full control of the situation
14) Boat preparation team in action for
precautionary measures only
15) Update information as required
16) Explain evacuation procedures and
indicate exits
17) Assure passengers that the ship is the
best lifeboat
60. Muster Station Personnel Tasks
18) Explain the abandon ship procedures
19) Communicate passenger and crew
headcount to central command
20) Continue to maintain calm and re-assure
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
passengers
61. LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
FIRE TEAMS &
EVAC. GROUPS
COLLISION TEAMS
& EVAC. GROUPS
ABANDONSHIP
RESPONSE TEAMS &
EVACUATION GROUPS
MAN-OVERBOARD
TEAMS
STEERING
CASUALTY TEAMS
BOMB THREAT
TEAMS & EVAC.
GROUPS
Operational Command
Bridge
CLEARING OUT
PARTY
CENTRAL
EVACUATION
COMMAND
BOAT PREP TEAM
Zone leaders
62. Importance of keeping order
In-charge of the muster station are from time
to time to give factual information to the
passengers and make some activity for the
passengers.
This way their minds will be focused on
something else rather than the danger itself
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
63. Importance of keeping order
The primary function in keeping order is to
organize queue’s, to ensure that the
persons are seated correctly in the
lifeboats. This way the passengers will less
likely to panic. There will be an atmosphere
of order and control
Passengers without lifejacket should be
issued one from the spares locker
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
64. Ways in keeping order at the
muster station
Apply the clear and re-assuring orders, this
simply means that you give the passengers
factual information from time to time.
You must keep the passengers busy, keep
them occupied in both information and activity
The activity that you can do is by doing a
simple roll call or do a lifejacket demonstration
or the crocodile queue.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
65. Ways in keeping order at the
muster station
Try to assess the situation. Look for signs of
unusual behavior amongst the passengers
and try to address it.
Be prepared in organizing the crocodile queue
of passengers routed to the lifeboat stations.
Assign a crewmember to demonstrate it to the
passengers.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
66. Keeping Order in the Muster
Station
• Establish authority
• Keep people occupied
• Organize crocodile queue to lifeboats
• Ensure correct boarding and seating in the
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
lifeboat
67. Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• Re-uniting families and disabilities with
their accompanying persons. Children
require special attention. It is essential to
connect capable helpers with such children
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
68. Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• Stop the rumor mill of detrimental
information amongst the passengers
• Inject fresh information about the good
progress of the evacuation
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
69. Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• The trouble makers (the active persons)
must not be allowed to act freely, they
should be kept occupied with helping
others
• Connect active persons with persons
having panicked or which are in need of
help in any other way
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
70. Ability to use procedures for
reducing and avoiding panic
• Panic consumes resources. Ask help from
composed adult persons
• Leadership is essential, in it’s absence
rumors will spread and strong-willed but
ill-informed passengers may attempt to
influence events
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
71. Passenger List for Mustering
A passenger list for
each muster station
may facilitate an
efficient and focused
search of the
passenger areas.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
72. International Legislation , Codes
and Agreements
• One compartment ship is not allowed
• Can withstand wave heights of more than
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
1.5 meters
• Can survive in more severe sea conditions
• Shell doors must be hydro-tested on
annual ship survey
• Passenger ship safety certificate renewed
every year.
• International ship security certificate
renewed every year
73. International Legislation , Codes
and Agreements
• RO-RO vessel can not operate with open
doors unless it is power operated or can be
closed from the bridge
• Lashing and securing 01.06.96 SOLAS
made mandatory to carry a cargo securing
manual to ensure cargo is secured for the
intended voyage.
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
74. Opening, Closing and Securing
Hull Openings
• Ship’s Procedures
• Entries in the log book
• Certified Operators
• Positive Reports
• Indicator lights and CCTV
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
75. Details of Appliances
• Deck Gangway shell doors
• Pilot Doors
• Stern door
• Bow door and ramp
• Hoistable car decks
• Stores cranes
• Main Engine Room Crane
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
76. Hull Opening Regulations
• No Ramp door / Shell door to be open
without OOW informed and full approval
given
• Only Certified operators is authorized to
open the Ramp doors
• One deck crew to attend at all times when
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
Ramp door is open
• Ramp door to be closed as soon as work is
completed
• Activities to be logged in the official logbook
77. Legislation Affecting RO-RO
Passenger Ships
• National & International Regulations
• Ship Restrictions
• Approved loading and discharging berths
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
78. Passenger Safety Training
The passengers safety training required by
regulation V/3,paragraph 7 for masters, chief
mates and persons assigned immediate
responsibility for embarking and
disembarking passengers shall at least
ensure attainment of the ability appropriate to
their duties and responsibilities to embark
and disembark passengers with special
attention to disabled persons and persons
needing assistance
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
79. Passenger Safety Training
Relation with other requirement
ISM code
• ISM code awareness
• Safety management system (SMS) training – ship
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
specific
STCW code
• Shipboard familiarization
• Safety familiarization
• Periodic Safety drills and exercises
ISPS code training
• Ship security awareness
• Anti-piracy training
80. Passenger Safety Training
- Ship Type Specific Competence -
• Technical arrangements for passenger
embarkation and disembarkation
• Special considerations for the handicapped
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
College of International Tourism and Hospitality
Management
passengers
• The use of tenders on the embarkation and
disembarkation of passengers
• Security arrangements on the embarkation
of passengers