Recycling of
Waste Water &
Solid Waste
 Prepared By :
› Parth Desani

 What is Recycle ?
 Types of Recycle
 1 Recycling of Waste Water
 1.1 Recycle of Waste Water
 1.2 Why and How to recover waste water ?
 1.3 Uses for Recycled Water
 1.4 waste water recycling to the aid of agriculture
 1.5 Waste water recycling in industry
 1.6 Disadvantages of Recycling Waste Water

 2 Recycling of Solid Waste
 2.1 Introduction of Solid Waste
 2.2 From where these comes ?
 2.3 Different Types of Solid Waste
 2.4 Municipal Solid Waste
 2.5 Composition of Municipal Waste
 2.6 Treatment & Disposal of Solid Waste
 2.7 What you can do to reduce solid waste
 2.8 Advantages of recycling

 Recycling is a process to change
materials (waste) into new products to
prevent waste of potentially useful
materials, reduce air pollution and
water pollution by reducing
the need for "conventional" waste
disposal, and lower greenhouse gas
emissions.
 Recycling is a key component of modern waste reduction
and is the third component of the "Reduce, Reuse,
Recycle" waste hierarchy.

 Recycle of Water
Waste:
e.g. Human waste
Rainfall
Black water
Water used for
different industries
Storm drain
 Recycle of Solid Waste:
e.g. Biodegradable waste
Inert waste
Composite waste
Hazardous waste
Toxic waste
Medicalwaste

 At a time when water resources must be
protected, Cities, classic examples of major
consumers, agriculture, as well as industry, are
all increasingly contemplating the question of
how to reuse their waste water.

 Currently only 2 % of wastewater is being
reused worldwide but this market has
been showing growth of around 25% a
year in the United States as well as in
Europe. So waste water reuse is a rapidly
growing business. What does it consist
of? What is it for? Here is a spotlight on
this activity, which enables water
resources to be preserved and the
environment to be protected efficiently.
 The recovery of wastewater means giving
it a second life after processing in a
wastewater plant. “Total or partial
regeneration treatment means allowing
water to be reused “,

 agriculture
 landscape
 public parks
 golf course irrigation
 cooling water for power plants and oil refineries
 processing water for mills, plants
 toilet flushing
 dust control,
 construction activities
 concrete mixing
 artificial lakes

 Farming is without a doubt the business sector that is the
greatest consumer of water. It is, in fact, considered to represent
70% of global water consumption. This is why, to preserve water
resources, more and more countries are reusing their
wastewater to irrigate fields.
 The efficiency of standard irrigation techniques must still be
improved: it is estimated that 30 to 60 % of water for irrigation
evaporates and is not of any benefit to crops. By way of example:
 • 25 litres of water are needed to produce 1 kg of lettuce;
• 100 litres of water are needed to produce 1 kg of potatoes;
• 400 litres of water are needed to produce 1 kg of maize;
• 1,500 litres of water are needed to produce 1 kg of wheat.

 Water is often an essential part of industrial production. In the
context of an ever more scarce resource and tougher legislation,
many businesses are trying to recycle more of their wastewater.
This may be reused in boilers and cooling towers or as water for
washing, cleaning or processing. Recycling makes it possible to
economise on resources upstream, while at the same time
lowering the volume of waste discharged into the
environment.
 In certain regions of the world where water resources are
declining, wastewater recycling is a priority. In California, for
example, the public agency charged with supplying Los Angeles
with drinking water has undertaken an ambitious program for
water reuse. Developed by United Water, the “Re-Use” technique
is an appropriate solution for responding both to situations of
regional tension over water and to the needs of industry. What’s
more, the advances made by United Water were hailed by
President Bill Clinton in September 2012 during the Clinton
Global Initiative (CGI) Annual Meeting.

 Requires separate factory setups for the recycling process,
which results in more energy consumption and extra cost,
transportation and sorting and cleaning as well as
storage expenses
 Big truck and big dumpers on the traffic roads irritates the
traffic flow. They collect garbage form different places and
interrupt the traffic sequences.
 Pollutants are generated even in recycling process which
itself has chemical skews involved
 The poor quality items cannot be recycled are dumped in
rivers, and big holes which results in the poisonous affect in
the form of contaminated water resources for the poor
maintenance of recycling process are still limited , recycling
installations also required big land area which becomes
infertile.

 Generation of municipal solid waste (MSW),
industrial hazardous waste and biomedical
waste have been increasing due to population
growth, life style changes and economic
development.
 The insanitary methods adopted for disposal
of solid wastes.
 Open dumping of garbage facilitates the
breeding of disease vectors such as flies,
mosquitoes, cockroaches, rats, and other pests.

 Municipal Solid Waste
 Industrial Waste
 Hazardous Waste
 Hospital Waste
 Construction and Demolition Waste
 Waste from electrical and electronic equipments
(WEEE)
 End-of-Life Vehicles (ELVs) and Tyres
 Agricultural Waste

 Such waste comprises household waste, construction and
demolition debris, sanitation residue and waste from the
street.
 The consumer market has grown rapidly leading to products
being packed in cans, aluminum foils, plastics, and other such
non-biodegradable components which cause immeasurable
harm to the environment.

S.No City Municipal solid Waste (TPD) Per capita waste
(Kg/day)
1. Ahmadabad 1,683 0.585
2. Bangalore 2,000 0.484
3. Bhopal 546 0.514
4. Bombay 5,355 0.436
5. Calcutta 3,692 0.383
6. Coimbatore 350 0.429
7. Delhi 4,000 0.475
8. Hyderabad 1,566 0.382
9. Indore 350 0.321
10 Jaipur 580 0.398
11 Kanpur 1,200 0.640
12 Kochi 347 0.518
13 Lucknow 1,010 0.623
14 Ludhiana 400 0.384
15 Madras 3,124 0.657
16 Madurai 370 0.392
17 Nagpur 443 0.273
18 Patna 330 0.360
19 Pune 700 0.312
20 Surat 900 0.600
21 Vadodara 400 0.389
22 Varanasi 412 0.400
23 Visakhapatnam 300 0.400

 Several methods are used for treatment and
disposal. These are:
1. Composting
2. Incineration
3. Landfilling
4. Pyrolysis
5. Recycling

 It is a process in which organic matter of solid waste
is decomposed and converted to humus and mineral
compounds.
 Compost is the end product of composting, which
used as fertilizer.
 Three methods of composting:
(a) composting by trenching
(b) open windrow composting
(c) mechanical composting

 Incineration is a disposal method that involves
combustion of waste material. Incineration
and other high temperature waste treatment
systems are sometimes described as “thermal
treatment”. Incinerators convert waste
materials into heat, gas, steam, and ash.
 Incineration is carried out both on a small
scale by individuals, and on a large scale by
industry. It is used to dispose of solid, liquid
and gaseous waste. It is recognized as a
practical method of disposing of certain
hazardous waste materials (such as
biological medical waste). Incineration is a
controversial method of waste disposal, due
to issues such as emission of gaseous
pollutants

 A landfill site is a site for the disposal
of waste materials by burial and is the oldest form
of waste treatment.
 Historically, landfills have been the most common
methods of organized waste disposal and remain so
in many places around the world.
 The dumping is done with layers of 1- 2 m.
 The layer is covered with soil of 20 cm thickness.

 Heating of the solid waste at very high temp. in
absence of air.
 Carried out at temp. between 500 ˚C – 1000 ˚C.
 Gas, liquid and chars are the by products.

 Recyclable materials include many kinds
of glass, paper, metal, plastic, textiles,
and electronics.
 Although similar in effect, the composting or other
reuse of biodegradable waste – such
as food or garden waste – is not typically considered
recycling.
 Materials to be recycled are either brought to a
collection centre or picked up from the curbside,
then sorted, cleaned, and reprocessed into new
materials.

 Say no to all plastic bags as far as possible.
 Reduce the use of paper bags also.
 Reuse the soft drinks polybottles for storing water.
 Segregate the waste in the house –keep two garbage bins and see to it
that the biodegradable and the nonbiodegradable is put into separate
bins and dispose off separately.
 Dig a compost pit in your garden and put all the biodegradables into it.
 See to it that all garbage is thrown into the municipal bin as the
collection is generally done from there.
 Carry your own cloth or jute bag when you go shopping.
 When you go out do not throw paper and other wrappings or even
leftover food here and there, make sure that it is put in the correct
place, that is into a dustbin.
 As far as possible try to sell all the recyclable items that are not
required to the Kabariwala (person who trades in waste).

 Recycling minimizes the use of glass.
 Helps in increasing the production of plastic and paper.
 Removes pollution in the form of garbage recycling.
 Creates awareness in the people for saving their
environment.
 It minimizes the use of natural resources.
 Avoid pollutants from interfering the natural processes
 Supplies valuable raw materials to industry.
 Conserves resources for our children's future.
 Saves energy.
 Stimulates the development of greener technologies.etc……