Near field communication
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A beginner's introduction to NFC.
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Near field communication
- 2. Contents • NFC : Intro. • Little history and the present. • Big future? • NFC with Google. • Android Beam, Android wallet. • API’s.
- 3. NFC : Near Field Communication • Short range wireless technology (<4 cm) • Slower than Bluetooth and Wi-Fi (106 kbit/s to 848 kbit/s) • Can use passive targets (stickers, tags, cards) • Peer to peer communication (two mobiles) • Less setup friction (no pairing , no discovery)
- 4. How it works? • An Initiator , a target. • Initiator generates an RF field (Radio frequency) around the target. • Target can be passive or powered. • Magnetic induction • 13.56 MHz
- 5. Modes • Passive: powered initiator, passive target. • Active: (Peer to peer) :Both initiator and the target are powered.
- 6. Phone reads NFC tag Reads
- 7. Phone writes NFC tag Writes
- 8. Phone reads phone Reads
- 9. Phone reads/writes phone Reads/writes
- 10. The tags: • Contain small data (96 - 4,096 bytes) • Typically readable, can be writable too. • Can be encoded. • Four types of tags, different in: – Speeds, – configurability, – memory, – security, – data retention and – write endurance
- 11. When a phone is loaded with NFC It can: – Work as virtual credit cards for payments. – Can work as keycard or ID card. – Can read unpowered NFC tags.
- 12. What can we do with NFC powered phones? • Just tap to: • Share a file • Share contacts • Pay the bills • Start a game • Pair bluetooth • Start wi-fi • Get a bus/air ticket • Use as coupons • Use as a tour guide • use as room key
- 13. The recent past… • Co-invented by NXP Semiconductors and Sony in 2002. • Nokia is oldest mobile player since 2004. • “NFC forum” founded by Nokia with Sony and Phillips to promote sharing, pairing, and transactions between NFC devices. – 130 countries. – 140 companies. – Samsung, Nokia, Huawei, HTC, Motorola, RIM, LG, Sony Ericsson, – AT&T, Sprint. – Google, Microsoft, Intel, Qualcomm. – PayPal, Visa, Mastercard, American Express.
- 15. What’s happening today… Let’s checkout timeline.
- 23. So how’s the future? • Up to 700 million NFC-enabled mobile phones will be sold by 2013 : Jupiter research • Japan: FeliCa, a type of NFC tag being used as primary mode for payment. • Corporations adopting NFC to reduce infrastructure cost and for flexibility. • Based on existing contactless infrastructure.
- 24. Now NFC with Google Android… • Started support in 2.3(Gingerbread) • Galaxy Nexus, Nexus S, Galaxy S2, LG optimus net • Payments and banking apps • Social apps • Multiplayer games
- 25. Google Wallet
- 26. Google Wallet • Mobile payment system. • Allows to store credit cards, loyalty cards, gift cards and more. • Tap to pay with Citi® MasterCard® or the Google Prepaid Card. • Get benefit from sales promotions and coupons. • Secure. Fast. Convenient.
- 27. Android Beam • Application for easy sharing between NFC enabled Android devices. • Introduced in Android 4.0 (Ice-cream Sandwich). • They say it “incredibly simple”. • For developers to integrate into their applications. • Share videos, music, contacts, applications, game scores….
- 29. android.nfc • NfcManager • NfcAdapter • NdefMessage • NdefRecord
- 30. NfcManager • High level manager class • Used to get NfcAdapter instance NfcManager manager = getSystemService(Context.NFC_SERVICE);
- 31. NfcAdapter • Represents the Device’s NFC adapter. • To disable or enable ‘tag dispatch’ system. • To open an appropriate “Activity” to handle a discovered tag. disableForegroundDispatch(Activity activity) enableForegroundDispatch(Activity activity, PendingIntent intent, IntentFilter[] filters, String[][] techLists) disableForegroundNdefPush(Activity activity)
- 32. Tag dispatch system • To chose most appropriate activity to automatically handle the situation when a ‘tag’ is discovered. • Without user intervention. • Two types: – Foreground: by the present Activity – Background: by the intent messages
- 33. NdefMessage, NdefRecord • Ndefmessage: – Represents NDEF (NFC Data Exchange Format) data message. – Standard format by NFC forum. – Contains one or more NdefRecord’s. • NdefRecord: – Container for actual data (URI etc). – Contains type info, ID and payload data.
- 34. Questions?