Ecology And Evolution Reflection Paper

Ecology And Evolution Reflection Paper
Personal Reflection after Ecology and Evolution Being raised as an Evangelical Free Christian, evolution was considered somewhat of a dirty word.
This being said, I knew that there were parts of evolution that were undeniably true. I also thought that science usually pointed towards evidence of
there being a God. I was never really a Young Earth Creationist. However, I still thought that Young Earth Creationists could be right because in my
opinion, God is omnipotent, and the flood could have happened further back in history than estimated. The flood then could answer why the continents
look the way they do today compared to pangea, and it could also answer some other geological problems with Young EarthCreationism. Although I
thought it was still possible, I thought it extremely unlikely. Instead, I thought that the Earth was created much longer ago, but that God still created
creatures in their own "kinds", and that these "kinds" diverged into even more species by natural selection. I knew evolution could change a species a
little bit at a time to the point where there would be two different species, but I wasn't sold on the whole idea that Evolution could cause a fish to
become a human. However, there were two major things that started to change my mind. The first was the Harvard study with the petri dish that
contained different levels of antibacterial properties. This study showed that mutations can cause a significant change in a species, and led to me
thinking it
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Essay on Ecology
Ecology An organism has several ways to avoid being prated upon. One way to avoid this is to practice crptis. Crypis is the action of organisms
avoiding predation by blending in with their backgrounds and matching the color pattern of a bark, twigs or leaves. Palatable animals often utilize this
strategy as well. Another type of defense is aposematism or warning coloratio. Organisms that produce noxious chemicals or accumalate them from
food plants, advertise the fact that they are harmful with conspicous color patterns. Mimicry is the resemblence of an organism toward some other
organism or an object inthe enviroment, evolved to decieve predators or prey into confuding the organism with that which it mimics. The prey involved
within...show more content...
These hypothesis are based on the assumption that the birds realized that the red larvae are more tasteful , while the blue and lime larvae were often
distasteful. The focus of this experiment is to find out whether or not mimicry developed and whether the birds either learnt from the effects of
mimicry or caught on to the color pattern.
Materials and Methods
The procedure that was utilize from this experiment was very time consuming and involved an assortment of small procedures. The first step was
to decide upon the different colors of the food, and which speculate on whch colors would be most efficient for the experiment. In our case we
choose red,which represented a kind of dangerous color, blue which was still dangerous but a little more attractive than red and lime which seemed
like a nice friendly color. After than the ratios between the models were agreed upon based upon what we thought the colors would represent toward
the birds. The pattern that was used is pattern A. The red color had 100% mimicry, (palatable) and 0% for models (unpalatable). The blue color had
75% mimicry (palatable) and 25% for models (unpalatable). The lime had 25% mimicry and 75% for models (unpalatable). After that decision making
the class broke up into different groups to facilitate the larvae making process. The class divided into mixers, cutters,those that

Ecological Restoration Essay
There have been many ongoing debates over the definition of ecological restoration. While there are still many definitions that people use to define this
term, ecological restoration is generally defined as "the process of returning, as nearly as possible, a biotic community to a condition of biological
integrity" (Callicott, 577). This term, however, means different things to different people. It not only encompasses the environmental aspects, but the
cultural, social, historical, political aspects as well. Considering how these aspects are different to different regions, it becomes difficult to develop a
term that everyone can agree on unanimously. The campus lagoon, 94 acres in total, is "surrounded on the north, east and west by the...show more
content...
The expanded wetlands have also significantly increased the number of birds, animals, reptiles and amphibians. Much of Campus Point is covered
with an ice plant, Carpobrotus edulis. These plants grow year round and individual plants compete with native plants by forming mats up to 40 cm
thick and 8–10 m in diameter. Examination shows that this ice plant has a very dense tough root system concentrated in the upper 50 cm of the soil,
and that new roots form at each node as the plant spreads outward (D'Antonio, 886). In 2006, CCBER planted 2,000 acorns along Campus Point with
hopes that in 15 to 20 years a small oak woodland habitat will be reestablished (CCBER). The eastern edge of the Lagoon, near San Nicolas Hall and
Parking Lot 5, is dominated by Kikuyu grass, a rhizomatous plant with matted roots. Data from 2009 illustrate that even at that time, the site was
completely covered in non–native Kikuyu grass (San Nicolas Slope Restoration Monitoring). Kikuyu grass favors moist areas and therefore it occurs
in hydric soils. A Mediterranean climate, the site records rainfall averaging 16–20 inches per year. A myriad of different birds also inhabit the riparian
and coastal sage scrub habitats as seen on wildlife surveys done monthly of the site due to the Lagoon Survey requirement (San Nicolas Habitat
Restoration Plan). If Manzanita Village does not undergo restoration, the confined underground pipe systems

Ecology Personal Statement
My decision to pursue graduate study and research in the field of ecology comes from my aspiration to become a leading researcher. I feel that the
knowledge what I have gained in this field is little. Therefore, to help me acquire a better understanding of this multi–faceted field of ecology, I would
like to pursue my doctoral degree major in ecology.
During my undergraduate level, I have been fascinated with the field of biotechnology. It is why I choose this field as my MS thesis research.
However, after deliberate thought and careful study, I changed my mind and have decided to build my career as an ecologist. My aspiration to pursue
a research–based career in the field of ecology, and climate change, comes from my visits of the world's...show more content...
I was among the top performers in these courses in my class. After completion of my undergraduate level, I started my steps towards research by
joining the plant breeding and biotechnology lab where, I completed my thesis entitled "Agrobacterium–mediated genetic transformation of potato
(Solanum tuberosum L.) for the development of fungus resistance variety" under the supervision of Professor Dr. Rakha Hari Sarker. During my
undergraduate and graduate studies, I have been involved with several field studies. These studies included the flora of the world's largest mangrove
forest (Sundarban), ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by native and tribal people, inventory of the plant diversity (herb, shrub, climber and tree)
in an area adjacent to the University of Dhaka and on Saint Martin Island. In addition, as part of my course requirement I have studied the flora of
Lawachara rainforest, Dulahazra Safari park and Remakelanga wildlife sanctuary. I have also presented a seminar presentation on the effects of
tannery wastes on the ecosystems of the river of "Buriganga". Field experiences provided me with the opportunity to explore real examples and to be
involved, physically, in a real world setting, which further reinforced my desire to explore the natural

Ecology And The Climate Change
Ecology is a branch of environment or natural science that has to do with how living things interact with each other in the nature and to be specific in
the same environment. Ecology dates back since Aristotle and Hippocrates, it also content some of the observations of Earth science, genetics and
biology. Ecologists can apply their skills to the following fields such as forestry, urban renewal, health science, and agriculture as well as climate
change. Climate change relates to changes in the world 's temperature, as you know it global warming is an example of climate change, and in addition,
the effect of climate related events, for example, heat waves, hurricanes, droughts, rainfalls, earthquakes, and tornadoes. This essay is about ecology
and the climate, and the relationship between the two, within the context of sustainability, which is the capacity of the planet to keep up itself despite
the natural occurring changes within the Indian Society and the rest of the world. (Smith, T.M., Smith, R.L. (2012)).
Ecology
Ecology, in the Indian society, is especially rich in vertebrate fauna. This is a consequence of its one of a kind biogeography, and, transformative and
social histories. It contains faunal components from different civilization such as the Afro–tropical, Indo–Malayan, and palearctic areas. For instance,
There are 226 extant carnivore species on the planet, 52 species – going from lions, hyenas, tigers, wolves, snow panthers, panthers and 3 types of bears
–

Essay On Ecological Imperialism
Ecological Imperialism and the New World Starting from the times that countries started travelling overseas and conquering other lands, they used
this newfound power to supply their own greedy desires through ecological imperialism. This process altered this new landscape and homogenized it
into the ways Europeans wanted it with the natives taking all or most of the side effects, while all the benefits went to the colonizers. Using various
sources from authors such as Crosby, Piper, Sandlos, Lewis, and Maslin, this paper will explore the actors, problems, limits in some areas, and the
significance of ecological imperialism and how it has affected the world.
Actors and Problems Firstly, we must understand what imperialism is...show more content...
Firstly, the impacts of ecological imperialism on the indigenous communities are that it changed their way of living and the conditions that they had to
live with. The slow transition of the demographics and biota caused a complete change in the environment, one that they may have not have been
familiar with, thus resulting in an alien species that systematically destroyed their long–honoured traditions over time. In addition, the change in biota
could have had impacts on the diet and health of the indigenous peoples as they would have to find new food sources as their died off. This, along with
the demographics, would create changes in the social and physical environment that forever changed the indigenous way for life that some may have
not been able to adapt to.
Significance of Ecological Imperialism So how is ecological imperialism significant to both North American and world history? Ecological
imperialism is significant because it has changed the way nature is seen in the eyes of humans and affected how we treat it. This is particularly in the
North American history, because the indigenous peoples have respected and preserved the environment for thousands of years. However, the arrive of
the European settlers was the beginning of a change, as they had a focus on resource extraction and intensive land use. Arguably, the settlers did this
through forceful means and often bended people

Environmental Science Essay
Environmental Fundamentals
Laura Jackson
Env/100
April 8, 2013
JOHN ENSWORTH
Environmental Fundamentals
Introduction
Environmental science is defined as the study of the environment and the interconnecting systems it contains, furthermore, the way people interact with
their natural surroundings and use natural resources (wise geek, 2013). Scientist in this field is highly interdisciplinary and extremely diverse, for
example, a scientist might study volcanoes or climate change. This essay will cover the following; the definition of environmental science, the
relationship between science and technology and how it affects environmental problems; the concept of environmental sustainability and why it should
be studied; how human...show more content...
Environmental Sustainability
Environmental sustainability is the process of making sure current processes of interaction with the environment are pursued with the idea of keeping
the environment as pristine as naturally possible based on ideal–seeking behavior (Wikipedia, 2010). What makes environmental sustainability so
important is that it demands that society designs activities to meet human needs while indefinitely preserving the life support systems of the planet
(Wikipedia, 2010). Human consumption can only use the nature's resources at a rate that can be replenished naturally.
Human Values affecting Society
The most devastating environmental change of all is the loss of biodiversity. The rate of species extinction has remained at one species per million per
year, furthermore, the accelerating destruction of habitats throughout the world leads to projections of the loss of two–thirds of all species on earth by
the end of this century, and millions of years to recover from the Cretaceous period (mindfully.org, 2013). As individuals, we obtain our food, directly
or indirectly from plants, for example, plant our primary use of medicines. Biodiversity also determines the properties of communities and ecosystems,
which capture energy from the sun. The world is less resilient, more homogeneous, less interesting, and with fewer opportunities for our descendants

and ourselves: where the process reaches

Themes Of Ecocriticism In Literature
Eco–criticism is a branch of literature that examines the connection between ecology and it's relationship between the literary texts . By the words of
Cheryll Glotfelty defines eco–criticism as 'Simply defined, eco–criticism is the study of the relationship between literature and the physical
environment.' Eco–criticism is the term that examines the green studies in various literary texts. Eco–criticism examines a particular piece of literary
work from an ecological perspective than the author's point of view. Literature not only deals with human life but also it has a vast ground for nature
and green studies. Eco–critical studies isn't a cake walk, it must have a keen...show more content...
Eco–critical studies probe into the relationship between the writer's texts and nature. Eco–criticism is an ecological approach towards literary studies.
The word Eco is the short form of ecology. Ecological studies probe into the attitude of humans towards nature. It ventures to traverse the different
aspects of the environment in literary texts and conceptual discourse. In Indian fictions some authors use ecological concept as the centre and some
takes it as secondary. 'Ecocritical readings of canonical texts, the, begin by adding a different perspective, and are not limited to works self–evidently
about nature'(Barry 250). In Indian fiction there are not many novels that deal with the theme of ecocriticism. So in that concern, the dissertation
concentrates on Amitav Ghosh's novel The Hungry Tide in an eco–critical perspective. The story has been developed by the Sundarbans region in India
that acts as a backbone of the story. The novel brings how the connection between human and nature is not just interdependent but

Essay on Environmental Ethics
Ethics is the study of what is right and wrong in human conduct. Environmental ethics studies the effects of human's moral relationships on the
environment and everything within it (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2008). The ethical principles that govern those relations determine human
duties, obligations, and responsibilities with regard to the Earth's natural environment and all of the animals and plants that inhabit it (Taylor, 1989). The
purpose of this paper is to reveal environmental issues that are threatening the existence of life on Earth, and discus our social obligations to refrain
from further damaging our environment, health and life for future generations. I will discus the need for appropriate actions and the ethical...show more
content...
These perspectives are anthropocentric or human centered and view all non–human life as less important than humans themselves. Environmental ethics
challenges these beliefs by questioning the assumed moral superiority of human beings to members of other species on earth (SEP, 2008). Preservation
of the environment is essential to the preservation of the human race. Global Warming is the number one concern threatening the very existence of
humans and everything within the environment today. The human race is to blame for the destruction of the natural world. The environmental issues
that are threatening all human and non–human life today, started in the industrial revolution and the discovery of oil The need to improve the quality of
life resulted in the construction of factories to mass produce products for consumers. These factories were powered by fossil fuels such as coal, oil and
gas. The combustion of these fossil fuels emitted great quantities of pollutants that remain in the Earths atmosphere to this day and is the number one
cause of global warming. However, in ethics one cannot evaluate just one thing. In ethics, as in nature, everything is connected to everything else
(Partridge, 1998). Deforestation for agricultural purposes and the expansion of human habitats is happening around the world. This

Ecology And Architecture Case Study
TABLE OF CONTENT
Abstract
Acknowledgment
List of figures
Chapter 1 – Introduction to ecology and architecture
1.1 – A brief on ecology and architecture
1.2 – Research Questions
1.3 – Aims and Objectives
1.4 – Outline of the study
1.5 – Focus and challenges
1.6 – Methodology
Chapter 2 – Ecotecture towards sustainability
2.1 – Ecology and architecture
2.2 – Ecotecture – Less bad approach
Chapter 3 – Paolo Soleri – early 20th century principle
3.1 – Brief of Paolo Soleri
3.2 – Understanding the principle – Arcology
3.3 – Case study 3.3.1 – Cosanti in scottsdale 3.3.2 – Arcosanti 3.3.3 – Lean linear city
3.4 – Design for the city of future
Chapter 4 – Ken Yeang– later 20th century principle
4.1 – Brief of Ken Yeang

4.2 – Understanding the principle – eco architecture
4.3 – Practice of Ken Yeang...show more content...
Since ancient times "designers" looked to nature for "solutions" to their common problems; they saw nature as the perfect model to follow. Ecotecture
is the art and science of designing human systems that are integrated, functionally and aesthetically, with natural ecosystems. The word "ecotecture" is
a combination of the words "ecology," meaning pattern of relations between living organisms and their environment, interactive with

The Importance Of Human Ecology
Human ecology is an interdisciplinary field, and it includes the interactions among humans and their natural, social, and built environments. In order to
understand fields such as sociology, anthropology, psychology, home economics, etc., one must understand the different facets of human ecology.
Eco–psychiatry, for example, attempts to integrate ecology and psychiatry and explores the effects of one's environment on mental health. The
environment can be biological, social, or cultural in nature. Several facets of human ecology can be linked to mental health including microbial, social,
and urban ecology. The diversity of microbiota is important for mental well–being in that microbes directly influence aspects of mental health such as
anxiety and stress, and the social environment is important in that adequate and quality resources are necessary for the physical and mental health of
an individual. Research has shown that microbial ecology has a direct influence on the mental health of individuals. Macro–biodiversity in the external
environment has been shown to influence mental well–being, and microbial diversity as a byproduct of this external biodiversity can have effects on
immune function and mood. Microbes have made many genetic contributions to the human body including but not limited to protection against
pathogens, nutrient absorption, and manufacture of chemicals necessary for survival. Lack of microbial diversity and dysbiosis, or microbial
imbalance, due to

Ecological Systems Theory Essay
From the time a person first enters this world until they taketheir final breath, they go through many changes that will shape their character and
determine how they handle situations in their life. Many different psychologists have studied human behavior and why it is that we react a certain way
in different circumstances, and ultimately why we behave in the way that we do. Urie Bronfenbrenner developed a model called the "Ecological
Systems Theory" that attempts to explain what factors influence a person's behavior and which ones have the most impact. The model is broken down
into five systems: the "Microsystem", "Mesosystem", "Exosystem", "Macrosystem", and "Chronosystem". The "Microsystem" is considered the most
intimate or most...show more content...
I tried to compare her influences, concerns, and experiences with mine and found that we are similar in many ways I was not aware of, but also very
different in others. There were many factors in my aunt's life that influenced where she is today in her life. When she was twenty–one, in the
"Microsystem" level, three people that truly influenced her life at the time were my grandparents, Mimi and Papa, and my great grandmother,
Mamette. My aunt was extremely close to Mamette, and confided in her in many ways. Since all three were members of her close family, they would
be considered part of this system and very crucial to her development at the time. My aunt told me after she graduated from college all she wanted
to do was party and not find a job, and I found that these factors and this mindset were part of the "Mesosystem". The fact that she was partying all
the time, or her social life, was hindering her from finding a job and moving on from her college days. Since the "Mesosystem" is essentially
factors that influence other factors or circumstances, the fact that she had recently graduated from college made her feel like she had the right to
party and not find a job. Another factor in her lack of diligence toward finding a job was that her parents did not put a lot of pressure on her to do so.
Along with factors in the "Microsystem" and "Mesosystem", the "Exosystem" in her life consisted of many

How Ecology Is Being Affected by Climate Change
In the world today their has been a surge of scientific, political and economical forces hurdling to prove and disprove the existence of global climate
change. I assert that the "symptoms" that our planet is suffering are the truest indications to justify worrying about our collective future on this land;
which I will present in terms of how the ecology is being effected by global climate change. In an article reporting the findings of a study conducted in
Israel by Tarryn Schuldiner–Harpaz and Moshe Coll entitled "Effects of Global Warming on Predatory Bugs Supported by Data Across Geographic
and Seasonal Climatic Gradients" the authors state, "[The] average global surface temperature... has risen by approximately 0.75 [degrees Celsius]
during the past 100 years (1906–2005)... average temperatures rose by approximately 0.13 [degrees Celsius] per decade..." And indicated that the
majority of the change had occurred between 1956 through 2005 (Schuldiner–Harpaz and Coll). The study measured the effects of climate change on
various species of insects in the area of and surrounding Israel. After collecting records of the climate gradients, annual temperature records, insect
species samples of the region and comparing it to samples of current species morphology (the study of an organisms structure and form) how continuous
change in climate effects said insects, and multiple region's annual temperatures records, they found that while some species were able to adapt to the

Pollution
The air we breathe, the water we drink, the ground where we grow our food, is polluted with harmful things. Pollution is the introduction of harmful or
poisonous effects of a substance into the environment. It disrupts the balance of people's lifestyle when they are contaminate. Pollution balance in the
environment and ecosystem. The environment is in the process of becoming unsafe or unsuitable to use. Pollution can come in many different form,
such as air, water, soil can have pollutant that can wreak havoc on the environment. Pollution can be a form of anything and cause so much harm. It
can take the form of chemical substances or energy. When chemicals are released by spill or underground leakage, the soil can become contaminated,
which is soil pollution. The release of chemicals and particulates into the atmosphere, is the product of air pollution. The industrial wastes dumped into
the rivers and other cause an imbalance in the water leading to its severe contamination and death of aquatic species.
The most dangerous form of pollution is air pollution, there are many cause for it. The depletion of the ozone is due to air pollution, which is a threat
to human health. In the article, " pollution : Causes and Effect", on the website, http://www.conserve–energy–future.com/, it was said that, "Smoke
from chimneys, factories, vehicles or burning of wood basically occurs due to coal burning; this releases sulphur dioxide into the air making it toxic.
The effects of

Population Ecology
INTRODUCTION
" The growth of a large business is merely the survival of the fittest : it is merely the working out of a law of nature" John D Rockefeller
Population ecology is a perspective that seeks to explain the factors that affect the life cycles of organizations. It also suggests why some organizations
survive for longer than the others. Earlier theories such a the such as the strategic choice theory argued that organizations try to adapt to changing
environments and the ones that do it successfully survive. The population ecology perspective states that it is the environment that selects organizations
that will survive over time and organizations have no say in this matter....show more content...
The concept of species identification is one of the central problems in this complex model.
c> Niche Width Theory One of the strong points of the population ecology perspective is that it analyzes populations of organizations rather than
individual organizations. All organizations within a particular population tend to draw from the same resource pool. Hence competition must exist
within the same population when they fight for survival. This is the basis for the niche width theory. Simply put, a niche may be defined as a domain
of unique environmental resources to support an organization. Populations of organizations are said to occupy the same niche to the extent that they
depend on identical environmental resources. Based on the width of the niche, there may be two types of populations that exist: specialists and
generalists.
Generalists tend to have a wide niche (in other words, a broad range of products/markets). They thus maximize exploration although they increase their
risks at the same time. This kind of strategy is not suited to any single situation. Specialists have a narrow niche (or a narrow range of products
/markets). They thus maximize exploitation and security. This kind of strategy is suited to particular situations.
According to the perspective, depending upon the В‘distance' between two states in the environment, variations may be divided into fine–grained
(short–term

The Importance Of Environmental Consciousness
In recent days, certainly, the term environmental consciousness is one of the most utilized in various degrees in our society. It being in a conference of
international leaders or a local neighborhood meeting, the matter of being environmentally and ecologically conscient became a mandatory measure. In
a general sense, being conscious towards environmental issues is described as the ability to comprehend the environment one habits in, the actions and
relationships among it, and the impacts the caused by a short or long term. Such consciousness is only felt as complete once the perception that such
actions are much greater than a local, it impacts the planet and the environment in question. In order to diminish the human environmental impact, we
need to rethink our actions and its possible consequences.
Additionally, another aspect of acquiring such consciousness is the search for information. After all, awareness and knowledge are subjects profoundly
interrelated. For instance, in recent days it is brought to the fact that cars are released pollutant gases, as industries.Yet that the most developed and
consumerist countries are the ones that release most pollutant gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect. The understanding that the amount of
waste produced is also a major issue and it produces affects the environmental balance.
However, being aware of such knowledge does not mean being environmentally conscious. Such can have minimal utility when not transformed

Essay about Deep Ecology
Deep Ecology/Ecosophy The ideas behind deep ecology have major implications today. They allow people to think more profoundly about the
environment and possibly come to a better understanding of their own meaning. People are intensely concerned about the world’s technological
adolescence, massive consumerism, and overpopulation. A man named Arne Naess, former head of the philosophy department at the University of
Oslo founded an idea that can direct people’s anxiety away from their "shallow" notion of the problem to one that is much "deeper." "Deep
ecology goes beyond the limited piecemeal shallow approach to environmental problems and attempts to articulate a comprehensive religious and
philosophical worldview." (EE...show more content...
Governments need to make even greater efforts and more drastic goals for the future. One key point they argue is that most effort should go into
lowering population growth in developed industrial societies. Obviously, these people’s lifestyles have far more negative influence on the
environment. This ties into the principle that human interference with the non–human world is out of control and getting worse. Naess and Sessions
concede humans do and can modify ecosystems, just as other species do the same. Just how far we go with that ability remains the concern.
Preservation, is the key, specifically ‘large wilderness’ areas because they allow and promote speciation of plants and animals. It is
important to note that these deep ecologists do not specifically address pollution problems. They do this because they feel it falls in the context of
shallow ecology. They think that worrying about pollution face value is really just a Band–Aid solution. Naess gives an example that show how
anti–pollution implements could increase "evils of the other kinds," (EE p.135) by somehow increasing the price of vital needs, resulting in greater
class differences. This is somewhat abstract, but it allows for new and interesting perspective. The next principle demands a major change in the
policies that effect economic, technological, and ideological norms. They

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