1. A Presentation on
THINK GREEN
“Environmental Awareness”
PADMA DHAR GARG
M. Tech (NIT – JAIPUR)

4. Pollution
Pollution is the introduction of harmful substances or
products into the environment
Major types of pollution:
• Water pollution
• Air pollution
• Land pollution
• Noise pollution

5. Water Pollution

6. Causes of water pollution
Point
sources
Waste from factories
Waste from sewage
system
Waste from power
plants
Waste from
underground coalmines
Waste from oil wells
Non-point
sources
Carried by rain and
snow from land
Fertilizers runoff
Deposition of air
pollutants
Storm water
drainage

7. Effects of water pollution

8. Air pollution

9. Causes of air pollution
• Incomplete
combustion from
heaters furnaces
and vehicles
• Burning fossil
fuels
• Motor vehicles
and industries
• Sulfur containing
compounds of
fossil fuels
• Burning of fossil
fuels
• Deforestation
Carbon
dioxide
Sulfur
dioxide
Carbon
monoxide
Nitrogen
oxides

10. Causes of air pollution
•Wild fire
•Methane from live
stock
•Volcanic eruptions
•Air-conditioning
and refrigerants
•Diesel engines
•Power plants
•Windblown dust
•Wood stoves
•Metal refineries
•Battery
manufacturers
Lead
Particulate
matter
Natural
pollutants
CFCs

11. Consequences of
Air Pollution

12. Greenhouse Effect

13. Greenhouse Effect

14. Global Warming

15. Acid Rain

16. Acid Rain Effects

17. Ozone Layer Depletion

18. Ozone Layer Depletion Effects
• Effects on humans
• Decreased immunity
• Skin cancer
• Eye damage
• Increased production of
vitamin D
• Effects on crop
• Reduction in crop yield
• Effects on marine life
• Lower fish harvests

19. Land Pollution

20. Causes of Land Pollution
• Construction
• Agriculture
• Domestic waste
• Industrial waste

21. Effects of Land Pollution
• Deforestation
• Reduced animal
shelter
• Soil degradation
• Ground water
pollution
• Animals and birds
fatality
• Intoxication of
fruits, vegetables
and crop

22. Noise Pollution

23. Causes of Noise Pollution
Noise pollution
sources
Stationary
Mobile
Traffic Industrial Construction Neighborhood

24. Effects of Noise Pollution

25. Singrauli
Son river

26. POWER PLANT DETAIL UNIT MW
SSTPP NTPC ltd. 2000 Existing
VSTPP (NTPC) NTPC ltd. 4260 Existing
RhSTPP (NTPC) NTPC ltd. 3000 Existing
Sasan ultra mega power
project
Reliance power ltd. 3960 Under construction
Chitrangi power project Reliance power ltd. 3960 Under construction
Mahan super thermal
power project
Essar global 1800 Under construction
Mahan captive thermal
power plant
Hindalco industries Ltd. 900 Under construction
Jaypee nigrie super
thermal power project
Jaypee group 2640 Under construction
DB power M.P.Limited Dainik bhaskar 1320 Under construction
Renu sagar Hindalco industries Ltd. 960 Existing
Anpara UPSEB Govt. of U.P. 1630 Existing
LANCO power anpara LANCO power 1200 Existing
Anpara D BHEL & Govt. of U.P. 1200 Under construction

27. Air quality standards in India
Pollutants Time-weighted
average
Industrial areas Residential
rural and other
areas
Sensitive areas
Sulphur Dioxide
(SO2)
Annual average
24 hours
80 µg/m3
120 µg/m3
60 µg/m3
80 µg/m3
15 µg/m3
30 µg/m3
Oxide of
Nitrogen as
(NOx)
Annual average
24 hours
80 µg/m3
120 µg/m3
60 µg/m3
80 µg/m3
15 µg/m3
30 µg/m3
Suspended
particulate
matter (SPM)
Annual average
24 hours
360 µg/m3
500 µg/m3
140 µg/m3
200 µg/m3
70 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
Respire-able
particulate
matter (RPM)
Annual average
24 hours
120 µg/m3
150 µg/m3
60 µg/m3
100 µg/m3
50 µg/m3
75 µg/m3
Source:
Air Pollution Control in India: Getting the Prices Right by Maureen Cropper, Shama Gamkhar, Kabir Malik, Alex
Limonov, and Ian Partridge, January 3, 2012

28. Emission standards in India
Capacity` Pollutant Emission limit
Coal based thermal power plant
Below 210 MW Particulate matter 350 mg/Nm3
Above 210 MW Particulate matter 150 mg/Nm3
Units located in protective areas
irrespective of generation capcity
Particulate matter 150 mg/Nm3
Power generation capacity Stack height (meters)
Less than 200/210 MW H = 14 (Q) 0.3
Where Q is emission rate of SO2 in kg/hr
H = stack height in meters
200/210 MW
or
less than 500 MW
220
500 MW and above 275
Source:
Air Pollution Control in India: Getting the Prices Right by Maureen Cropper, Shama Gamkhar, Kabir Malik, Alex
Limonov, and Ian Partridge, January 3, 2012

29. Distribution of deaths attribution to
emission in India
(In 2008) Pollutants No. of deaths
Total deaths per plant PM 2.5 29
SO2 499
NOx 123
Total 659
Deaths per ton of
emission
PM 2.5 0.023
SO2 0.010
Nox 0.009
Source:
Air Pollution Control in India: Getting the Prices Right by Maureen Cropper, Shama Gamkhar, Kabir Malik, Alex
Limonov, and Ian Partridge, January 3, 2012

30. SHARDA DEVELOPMENT &
ENVIRONMENT COORDINATION
COMMITTEE, SINGRAULI
Regd. NGO with Govt. of India

31. Objectives of
• To eradicate the ill-effects of development and effecting our environment directly
or indirectly.
• To bring positive changes in the society by public awareness.
• To reduce the side effects of the rapid development and commercialization on
agricultural sector through better use of technology.
• To curb the root cause for the growth of bacteria, viruses’ causing seasonal
diseases is to be prevented.
• To provide technical monitoring of pollution.
• To reduce domestic pollution.
• To compensate pollution by increasing green area.

32. Plantation of trees
Trees:
• Help to settle out, trap and hold particle pollutants (dust, ash, pollen and
smoke) that can damage human lungs.
• Absorb CO2 and other dangerous gasses and, in turn, replenish the
atmosphere with oxygen.
• Produce enough oxygen on each acre for 18 people every day.
• Absorb enough CO2 on each acre, over a year's time, to equal the amount
you produce when you drive your car 26,000 miles.

33. How trees help reduce pollution

34. Collection and disposal of domestic
waste
• Distribution of dustbins to each house.
• Collection and proper disposal of domestic
waste with the help of Nagar Nigam.
• Recycling of the waste as much as possible.

35. • Every year, around
500 billion
(500,000,000,000)
plastic bags are used
worldwide.
• India's plastics
consumption is one of
the highest in the world.
Plastic

36. Non-biodegradable

37. Kills animal life

38. Pollutes and degrades environment

39. Has adverse effects on human health
• The daily used polybag contains lead
and cadmium.
• lead and cadmium are toxic elements
which can adversely effect human body.

40. • If burnt, releases
Hydrogen
Cyanide, a
carcinogenic gas.
Contributes all types of pollution

41. Polythene Bag Substitute

42. Polythene Bag Substitute
JUTE BAGS PAPER BAGS

43. Why should we shift from Polythene
Bags?
• Non biodegradable
• If dumped in the soil
causes harm to the
plant life
• Threatens the life in
the water bodies
• Polythene is harmful
for animals if
swallowed

44. How are Jute Bags made?
• Jute bags are
manufactured from
natural jute and can be
bought at a very cheap
price starting from
Rs.20

45. Advantages Of Jute bag
• Biodegradable
• One of the strongest
natural fibers
• Relatively cheap to buy
• Durable
• Jute crops require little
water
• Jute has low pesticide
and fertilizer needs.

46. Advantages Of Jute bag

47. Advantages Of Paper Bags
• 100% reusable,
recyclable and
biodegradable.
• Can be made at home
too.
• A renewable resource -
comes from trees.
• Require less energy than
plastic to be recycled
• Pose less of a threat to
wildlife

48. Other Remedies
• Fabric biodegradable bags.
• Foldable a cotton bags for
Ladies.
• Reusable Nylon bags.
• Donate old news papers to
make paper bags and packets.
• Use a wicker basket.

49. Fly Ash

50. Fly Ash based bricks

51. Structures made from Fly Ash bricks
Then
Now

52. Structures made from Fly Ash
Germany Spain Denmark
Greece France

53. Comparison of fly ash based bricks
with clay burn bricks
Sl. No. Items Conventional
clay burnt
bricks
Fly Ash based bricks
1. Dimension in
mm(LXWXH)
250mmX125
mmX75mm
190mmX90
mmX90mm
230mmX110
mmX75
2. Colour Red Grey Grey
3. Basic Ingredient earth or clay fly ash fly ash
4. Density (gm/cc) 1.60-1.70 1.80-1.90 1.80-1.90
5. Dry weight(in kgs) 3.75-4.00 2.80-2.90 3.3- 3.5
6. Common building bricks
compressive strength
(kg/cm2)
50-65 70-90 75-100
7. Water absorption (in %) 15-25 10-15 10-15
8. Breakage 5-7 1/2 percent Less than
1%
Less than 1%