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How to identify main points
Introduction
                      
 By the end of the lesson, students would be able to:

      State the features of the summary
      Appreciate what examiners want
      Practice the steps required to carry out a summary
      Practice writing a summary


   (Adapted from Longman’s, Effective Guide to O’ Level English, Pearson
   Education, 2000, Singapore)
Features of a Summary
           
 Two basic things you must understand about
 summary questions:

   It is a test of whether you have selected relevant
    information

   Once selected relevant information…it needs to be RE-
    PHRASED!!! (i.e. expressed in your own words)
What examiners want
           
 Students have to show the following in their answer:

   Selecting the correct and relevant information from the
    passage that relates to the question.

   Expressing the information, (putting it in your own
    words) fluently.
The 4 Step method of
       Summary Writing
                          
 4 Steps:

   Step 1: Read the summary question very carefully

   Step 2: Re-read the part in the passage covered by the
    question, mark out all relevant information

   Step 3: Make brief notes in your own words of all
    points you have marked out.

   Step 4: Write up your notes in complete sentences.
Analyse the Summary
           Question
                           
 Look at the Summary Question and break it up
 accordingly to:

     Introduction
     Basic Instruction
     The Topic
     Reminders
     Length
     Question tells you how to start

  (Refer to the template provided in your worksheet)
Sample Question
                  
Question:

The writer establishes that women may have done more of the hunting in
primitive times than commonly thought. Write a summary of the roles
that women may have played, using your own words, as far as possible

Use material from Line 28 to 71

Your account should be in continuous writing , must not be longer than
160 words, including the 11 words given below. You should use your own
words to rephrase the points, and not copy large chunks from the passage.

Begin: “In pre-historic times, It was not only men who hunted. Women…”
Your Turn…
                 
 Using the template introduced to you…break up the
 question into its parts…

 You have 5 minutes to do this…
Practice in Class
                
 Now you are ready to begin…(Total time: 10mins)

   Place the template on the table in front of you
   Read the passage based on the relevant lines (28-71)
    and mark out the relevant information.
      As you begin work – go back to the “TOPIC” and keep
       referring to it as you mark out the information.
      Focus on finding relevant information…do not worry
       about expressing this in own words
      Also keep track of your marking out: Too much? Too
       Little?
Practice in Class
               
 Compare your marked out portions of the passage
  with the sample annotated passage…did you leave
  out any points…
Practice in Class
                 
 Step 3: Make brief notes in your own words of all the
 points you have marked out.

    Copy The TOPIC on the paper you are going to write
     out the summary

    Check whether your notes are in correct logical order.
     Refer to the question again for some suggestions

    Remember to use your own words and as few words
     as possible
Practice in Class
                
 Step 4: Write up your notes in grammatically correct
  English

   Concentrate on building sentence structures

   Put aside the passage. Trust your notes

   You may combine points into one sentence
Practice in Class
               
 Compare your summary with the sample
  summary…how does this compare?

   Missed out points?
   Not in your own words?
   Poor sentence and grammar
After the Summary
              
 Do not stop there…

   Count the words and write down
   Check for accuracy of:

      Verb agreements
      Spellings
      Consistency – American usage or British English
Key Points – Take-a-ways
           
 List what are the 4 steps to summary writing:

     Step 1: ________________________________
     Step 2: ________________________________
     Step 3: ________________________________
     Step 4: ________________________________

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Sec3 english language_comprehension(thesummaryqn)

  • 1. How to identify main points
  • 2. Introduction   By the end of the lesson, students would be able to:  State the features of the summary  Appreciate what examiners want  Practice the steps required to carry out a summary  Practice writing a summary (Adapted from Longman’s, Effective Guide to O’ Level English, Pearson Education, 2000, Singapore)
  • 3. Features of a Summary   Two basic things you must understand about summary questions:  It is a test of whether you have selected relevant information  Once selected relevant information…it needs to be RE- PHRASED!!! (i.e. expressed in your own words)
  • 4. What examiners want   Students have to show the following in their answer:  Selecting the correct and relevant information from the passage that relates to the question.  Expressing the information, (putting it in your own words) fluently.
  • 5. The 4 Step method of Summary Writing   4 Steps:  Step 1: Read the summary question very carefully  Step 2: Re-read the part in the passage covered by the question, mark out all relevant information  Step 3: Make brief notes in your own words of all points you have marked out.  Step 4: Write up your notes in complete sentences.
  • 6. Analyse the Summary Question   Look at the Summary Question and break it up accordingly to:  Introduction  Basic Instruction  The Topic  Reminders  Length  Question tells you how to start (Refer to the template provided in your worksheet)
  • 7. Sample Question  Question: The writer establishes that women may have done more of the hunting in primitive times than commonly thought. Write a summary of the roles that women may have played, using your own words, as far as possible Use material from Line 28 to 71 Your account should be in continuous writing , must not be longer than 160 words, including the 11 words given below. You should use your own words to rephrase the points, and not copy large chunks from the passage. Begin: “In pre-historic times, It was not only men who hunted. Women…”
  • 8. Your Turn…   Using the template introduced to you…break up the question into its parts…  You have 5 minutes to do this…
  • 9. Practice in Class   Now you are ready to begin…(Total time: 10mins)  Place the template on the table in front of you  Read the passage based on the relevant lines (28-71) and mark out the relevant information.  As you begin work – go back to the “TOPIC” and keep referring to it as you mark out the information.  Focus on finding relevant information…do not worry about expressing this in own words  Also keep track of your marking out: Too much? Too Little?
  • 10. Practice in Class   Compare your marked out portions of the passage with the sample annotated passage…did you leave out any points…
  • 11. Practice in Class   Step 3: Make brief notes in your own words of all the points you have marked out.  Copy The TOPIC on the paper you are going to write out the summary  Check whether your notes are in correct logical order. Refer to the question again for some suggestions  Remember to use your own words and as few words as possible
  • 12. Practice in Class   Step 4: Write up your notes in grammatically correct English  Concentrate on building sentence structures  Put aside the passage. Trust your notes  You may combine points into one sentence
  • 13. Practice in Class   Compare your summary with the sample summary…how does this compare?  Missed out points?  Not in your own words?  Poor sentence and grammar
  • 14. After the Summary   Do not stop there…  Count the words and write down  Check for accuracy of:  Verb agreements  Spellings  Consistency – American usage or British English
  • 15. Key Points – Take-a-ways   List what are the 4 steps to summary writing:  Step 1: ________________________________  Step 2: ________________________________  Step 3: ________________________________  Step 4: ________________________________