4. 4
The Northwest Indiana
Region is located in the
upper northwest tier of the
state and is part of the
Chicago metropolitan
region. Major interstates,
including I-90, I-94, I-65
and I-80, traverse through
the region. Indiana Toll
Road passes through this
portion of the state. The
region is comprised of the
following Indiana counties:
Lake
LaPorte
Porter
Overview
section 01
Northwest Indiana Region
5. 5
Overview
section 01
What is a regional snapshot?
What is the snapshot?
The regional snapshot is a demographic and
economic assessment of the Northwest Region
in Indiana. Using county-level data, PCRD
analyzed a number of indicators to gauge key
patterns and trends in the region.
What is its purpose?
The snapshot is intended to inform local and
regional leaders, organizations and residents of
the key attributes of the region’s population and
economy. In particular, it takes stock of the
region’s important assets and challenges. With
such data in hand, regional leaders and
organizations are in a better position to invest in
the mix of strategies that will spur the growth of
the economy and provide a higher quality of life
for residents of the Northwest Indiana Region.
What are its focus areas?
PCRD secured and analyzed recent data from both
public and private sources to generate the
snapshot. In order to build a more comprehensive
picture of the region, the report presents
information under four key categories:
Demography
Human Capital
Labor Force
Industry and Occupation
When appropriate or relevant, the report compares
information on the region with data on the
remainder of the state of Indiana. By so doing, the
region is better able to determine how well it is
performing relative to the state on a variety of
important metrics.
7. 7
Demography
section 02
Population change
In 2013, the population in the Northwest Region
represented almost 11.7 percent of the overall
Indiana population, compared to 12.1 percent in
2002. If the trend holds, the Northwest Region
population will continue to represent about 12
percent of Indiana’s overall population.
The Northwest Indiana Region experienced a
population gain of 3.4 percent between 2002
and 2013. The rest of the state grew by more
than 7 percent during that same time period.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau: Population Estimates 2013, STATS Indiana
744,067
769,294
799,946
2013-20202002-20132002
Total population
projections
Northwest
Region
Rest of
Indiana
+ 3.4% 5,801,608
6,052 175
5,411,900
+ 4.0%
+ 7.2%
+ 4.3%
It is estimated that the region’s population will
increase around 4 percent over the 2013 to 2020
period. The rest of Indiana is expected to grow by
4.3 percent (250,567 people) over that same
period of time.
The Northwest Indiana Region gained population,
albeit at a slower pace than the rest of the state
over the past decade. However, the region’s
population is expected to keep pace with the
remainder of the state between 2013 and 2020.
8. 8
Population pyramids
Population pyramids are visual representations of the age distribution of the population by
gender.
Demography
section 02
Males outnumber females in the younger age cohorts
(specifically in the 0 to 29 years range) in the Northwest
Indiana Region and the rest of the state. The share of
Northwest’s population that is 50 years old and over
constitutes 35 percent (or 270,653 people) of the overall
population compared to 34 percent of the population in
the rest of the state. Additionally, the two oldest age
groups (70-79 and 80 plus years old) make up nearly 10
percent of Northwest’s population, slightly higher than the
9 percent of the population found in this age grouping in
the rest of the state. When contrasted with the remainder
of the state, the Northwest Region has a smaller proportion
of people in the following younger age categories: 0-9, and
20-29 years old.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau: Population Estimates, 2013 version
Male Female
9. 9
Income and poverty
Demography
section 02
Source: U.S. Census Bureau – Small Area Income and Poverty Estimates (SAIPE)
2002 2008 2013
Total Population in
Poverty
13% 18% 21%
Minors (Age 0-17)
in Poverty
14% 21% 25%
Average Real
Median Household
Income*
$54,195 $56,034 $51,596
Real Personal
Income ($ 2013)
$35,661 $38,247 $39,370
The average real median income
across households in the
Northwest Indiana Region
increased from $54,195 to
$56,034 between 2002 and
2008 but slipped to $51,597 by
2013.
On the other hand, real personal income
increased in the 2002 to 2013 period
(from $35,661 to $39,370), possibly
the result of increasing income
inequality in the region.
Meanwhile, the proportion of the
population classified as living in poverty
increased steadily from 2002 to 2013,
as did the proportion of minors in
poverty. Nearly 21 percent of residents,
and 25 percent of minors, in the region
were classified as impoverished in
2013.
* Weighted real median income, weighted by county population
11. 11
Human capital
section 03
Educational attainment
Associate’s degree
Bachelor’s degree
Graduate degree
No high school
Some high school
High school
Some college
Source: 2013 ACS 5-year estimates
Educational attainment is an important
indicator of the skills of a population.
In 2013, 36 percent of Northwest residents
(25 years of age or higher) had a high school
education, 1 percentage point higher than
the rest of the state.
However, the proportion of adults with a
bachelor’s degree or more was lower in the
Northwest Indiana Region compared to the
rest of the state (20 percent versus 24
percent). On the other hand, the percentage
of adults with an associate’s degree was the
same in both the Northwest Indiana Region
and the remainder of the state.
In general, adult residents of the
Northwest Region have an educational
attainment profile that mirrors that found
in the remainder of the state. The only
exception is at the higher educational
tier. About 20 percent of adults in the
region have a baccalaureate degree or
higher, 4 percentage points lower than
that found in the rest of the state.
12. 12
Human capital
section 03
Four-year high school graduation rates
More than eight of every 10
Northwest Region students
successfully graduated from high
school after four years (in 2010).
This was almost 3 percentage
points behind the rest of Indiana.
The rate for four-year graduates
rose to 89.6 percent by 2014 in
the Northwest Region, a figure
that continued to lag behind the
rate for the rest of the state.
However, the graduation rate gap
decreased by about 1.6
percentage points in 4 years.
High schools in the Northwest
Indiana Region have increased
their graduate rates; however, the
rest of the state still outperforms
the region.
Source: datacenter.kidscount.org
13. 13
section 03
Average patents* (2001-2013)
Human capital
The number of patents issued
is an important indicator of the
level of innovation in a region.
Furthermore, success in
commercializing these
innovations can lead to long-
term growth for a region.
When it comes to
innovation, the Northwest
region is lagging behind
the rate for the rest of the
state.
The data make clear that the
Northwest Indiana Region
needs more efforts in creating
a culture of innovation.
*Average patents refers to the average patent rate over
time, either patents per jobs or patents per residents.
Source: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, EMSI, U.S. Census: Population Estimates
Note: Patent origin is determined by the residence of the first-named inventor. Since many
workers commute into the region, the number of patents produced in the region could be
high. However, among residents of the region, patent production is relatively low.
Average Patents per
10,000 residents,
2001-2013
From 2001 to 2013, 0.7 patents per
10,000 residents were issued in
Northwest counties. The rest of
Indiana amassed 2.2 patents per
10,000 residents.
Average Patents per
10,000 Jobs,
2001-2013
From 2001 to 2013, Northwest
counties were issued patents at a
rate of 1.6 per 10,000 jobs, while
the remaining Indiana counties
garnered 4 patents per 10,000 jobs.
15. 15
Labor force
section 04
Unemployment rates Prior to the onset of the Great
Recession around 2008, the
Northwest Region’s unemployment
rate was slightly higher than the
rest of the state.
The major spike in the region’s
unemployment rate occurred at
the start of the recession in 2008,
resulting in an unemployment rate
of 10.6 percent by 2009, slightly
higher than the figure for the rest
of Indiana.
While the unemployment rate gap
between the region and the rest of
the state began to close in 2010
and 2011, it increased in 2013.
The unemployment in the region
was 1.5 percentage points higher
than the rest of the state by 2013.
Northwest’s unemployment rate
was just shy of 9 percent in 2013.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics – Local Area Unemployment Statistics
16. 16
Labor force
section 04
Real earnings per worker
The real earnings* per worker
was constructed by averaging
earnings for all industries in the
Northwest Region and the rest of
Indiana.
The Northwest Region and the
rest of Indiana registered an
increase in real earnings per
worker over the 2008 to 2013
time period, but the rate of
growth was modest. As a result,
the earnings gap between the
two regions decreased slightly.
Real earnings per worker in the
Northwest Region remained
nearly $1,000 dollars above the
amount earned by workers in the
rest of Indiana in 2013.
Northwest
Region
Rest of
Indiana
2008 2013
*Earnings include wages and salaries, supplements and other proprietorship incomes
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – EMSI 2014.3 Class of Worker Data (QCEW,
non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors)
17. 17
Labor force
section 04
Labor shed
Source: LEHD, OTM, U.S. Census Bureau
A region’s labor shed is
the geographic area
from which it draws
employees.
In 2011, the Northwest Region
was employed at total of
290,000 people. Almost 22
percent of these individuals
traveled from surrounding
counties to work in the region.
On the other hand, 78 percent of
jobs in the region were held by
Northwest residents.
In a nutshell, almost four-fifths of
the region’s labor force is
comprised of people who both
live and work in the Northwest
Region (in 2011).
Population 2011 Jobs* Proportion
Employed in Northwest 290,000 100%
Employed in Northwest but Living
Outside
64,454 22%
Employed and Living in Northwest 225,546 78%
In-Commuters Same Work/Home
*most recent data available
64,454 225,546
18. 18
Labor shed in 2011
Labor force
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD
The Northwest Region draws its labor
force largely from its own counties and
surrounding counties.
Seventy-five percent of the region’s workers
come from two of the three counties that make
up the Northwest Region: Lake County and
Porter County, Indiana.
Extending the threshold to 80 percent,
LaPorte County, Indiana, the third county of the
Northwest Region, enters into the labor shed
region.
Cook County, Illinois, and Jasper County,
Indiana, are part of the 85 percent labor shed
region.
section 04
19. 19
Labor force
section 04
Commuter shed
Source: LEHD, OTM, U.S. Census Bureau
*most recent data available
A region’s commuter
shed is the geographic
area where its
residents work.
Nearly 31 percent of
employed residents in the
Northwest Region commute to
jobs located outside of the
region. The remaining 69
percent of the region’s
workforce both live and work
in the Northwest Region.
Out-Commuters Same Work/Home
101,061 225,546
Population 2011 Jobs* Proportion
Employed Northwest Residents 326,607 100%
Living in Northwest and Employed
Outside
101,061 31%
Living and Employed in Northwest 225,546 69%
20. 20
Commuter shed in 2011
Labor force
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, OTM, LEHD, PCRD
The Northwest Indiana Region’s
commuting pattern involves a small
number of counties, all located in the
region or in nearby Cook County,
Illinois.
Approximately 75 percent of the residents who
live in the region and are part of the labor force
are employed in three counties: Lake and Porter
Counties in Indiana and Cook County, Illinois .
Clearly, a large number of residents commute to
Chicago for work purposes.
Another major work location for the region’s
residents is LaPorte County, Indiana. Including
LaPorte County in the commuter shed accounts
for 85 percent of the Northwest Region’s
residents’ work locations.
section 04
22. 22
Industry and occupation
section 05
Establishments
Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database
Number of Establishments by Employment Size
Year 2000 2011
Stage 0 6,155 14,141
Stage 1 16,427 30,340
Stage 2 5,534 5,320
Stage 3 438 428
Stage 4 69 55
Total 28,623 50,284
The number of establishments in the Northwest Indiana
Region grew sharply between 2000 and 2011. Impressive
growth occurred in Stage 0 and Stage 1 establishments. In
particular, Stage 0 establishments grew by 130 percent,
while Stage 1 establishments expanded by 85 percent.
Stage 2 establishments slipped by 4 percent between
2000 and 2011, and Stage 3 establishments decreased by
2 percent. Furthermore, Stage 4 establishments that
employ 500 people or more also declined, falling from 69
to 55 establishments between 2000 and 2011.
An establishment is a
physical business location.
Branches, standalones
and headquarters are all
considered types of
establishments.
Definition of Company Stages
0 1
2 3
4
Self-
employed
2-9
employees
10-99
employees
100-499
employees
500+
employees
*The most recent Reference USA data shows 48 stage 4 establishments for
Norwest Region, as compared to 55 establishments from NETS database.
23. 23
Industry and occupation
section 05
Establishments’ component change
Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database
The Northwest Region gained 21,661 new establishments between 2000 and 2011. Most of
the gain came from natural change (births minus deaths of establishments). Births surpassed
deaths by 20,830 establishments.
More establishments migrated into the Northwest Region than migrated out to locations in non-
Northwest counties. The result is a net gain of 831 establishments from migration.
Components of Change for Establishments
Total Change (2000-11) 21,661
Natural Change (births minus deaths) 20,830
Net Migration 831
24. 24
Industry and occupation
section 05
Establishments
Source: National Establishment Time Series (NETS) – 2012 Database
Number of Jobs by Establishment Stages
Year 2000 2011
Stage 0 6,155 14,141
Stage 1 62,131 92,213
Stage 2 139,295 137,064
Stage 3 76,019 73,639
Stage 4 82,478 66,307
Total 366,078 383,364
From 2000 to 2011, the number of jobs increased, mainly
due to job gains in Stage 0 and Stage 1 establishments.
The self-employed (Stage 0) and small Stage 1 establishments had
impressive gains in jobs between 2000 and 2011. Stage 2
establishments that employ 10 to 99 workers suffered a slight drop
in jobs (2 percent), while Stage 3 establishments lost 3 percent of
their positions. However, the largest firms (Stage 4) experienced
employment decline of nearly 42 percent. The net result is an overall
increase of approximately 17,000 jobs in the region between 2000
and 2011.
Aggregate Sales (2013 US$) by Establishment Stages
Year 2000 2011
Stage 0 $ 872,863,050 $ 984,160,892
Stage 1 $ 9,108,074,617 $ 7,901,880,694
Stage 2 $ 18,317,186,331 $ 14,785,496,590
Stage 3 $ 11,630,909,227 $ 9,710,820,180
Stage 4 $ 14,827,233,530 $ 7,689,367,244
Total $ 54,756,266,756 $ 41,071,725,600
Establishments’ total sales decreased in the
Northwest Region between 2000 and 2011.
The decline in sales touched all establishment stages
over the past decade, with the exception of the Stage 0
establishments that experienced a 13 percent increase in
sales. Specifically, the sales for Stage 1 establishments
slipped by 13 percent, Stage 2 by 19 percent and Stage 3
by 17 percent. Sales for firms employing 500 or more
workers dropped by 48 percent. Overall, sales decreased
from $54.7 billion to $41 billion over the time period.
25. 25
Industry and occupation
section 05
Top five industries’ employment growth
NAICS Description 2008 Jobs 2013 Jobs Change Change (%)
Northwest Region
72 Accommodation and Food Services 27,028 29,897 2,869 11%
62 Health Care and Social Assistance 48,256 49,740 1,484 3%
81 Other Services (except Public Administration) 23,228 24,474 1,246 5%
56
Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation
Services
17,749 18,655 906 5%
52 Finance and Insurance 10,618 11,468 850 8%
Rest of Indiana
62 Health Care and Social Assistance 323,998 357,407 33,409 10%
56
Administrative and Support and Waste Management and Remediation
Services
173,273 195,535 22,262 13%
72 Accommodation and Food Services 220,863 232,113 11,250 5%
53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 103,492 113,752 10,260 10%
52 Finance and Insurance 129,447 139,326 9,879 8%
By total employment, the fastest-growing industry in
Northwest Indiana between 2008 and 2013 was
Accommodation and Food Services. In contrast, Health
Care and Social Assistance was the fastest growing
industry in the rest of the state.
The other top industries in the Northwest Region (in terms
of job gains) included Health Care and Social Assistance,
Other Services, Administrative and Support and Waste
Management and Remediation Services, and Finance and
Insurance.
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – EMSI 2014.3 Class of Worker Data (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors)
26. 26
Industry and occupation
section 05
Top five industries’ employment decline
NAICS Description 2008 Jobs 2013 Jobs Change Change (%)
Northwest Region
90 Government 45,772 42,623 -3,149 -7%
31 Manufacturing 45,564 42,806 -2,758 -6%
23 Construction 26,107 23,391 -2,716 -10%
44 Retail Trade 44,822 43,633 -1,189 -3%
71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 11,752 10,835 -917 -8%
Rest of Indiana
23 Construction 183,424 158,078 -25,346 -14%
31 Manufacturing 487,263 462,502 -24,761 -5%
90 Government 410,801 397,715 -13,086 -3%
42 Wholesale Trade 110,005 105,515 -4,490 -4%
51 Information 43,439 40,968 -2,471 -6%
Government, Manufacturing and Construction were the
industry sectors that experienced the largest job declines
in the region between 2008 and 2013. These were the
same industry sectors most negatively impacted in the
rest of Indiana as well.
Declines also occurred in the Retail Trade and Arts,
Entertainment and Recreation sector in the Northwest
Region. As for the rest of the state, the top industries
ranking fourth and fifth in job losses were Wholesale Trade
and Information.
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – EMSI 2014.3 Class of Worker Data (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors)
27. 27
How to interpret a bubble chart
The graph’s four quadrants tell a different story for each cluster.
Industry and occupation
section 05
Modified from: http://www.charlestonregionaldata.com/bubble-chart-explanation/
Emerging
Bottom right
(weak but
advancing)
Stars
Top right
(strong and
advancing)
Mature
Top left
(strong but
declining)
Transforming
Bottom left
(weak and
declining)
Contains clusters that are more
concentrated in the region and are
growing. These clusters are
strengths that help a region
stand out from the competition.
Small, high-growth clusters
can be expected to become
more dominant over time.
Contains clusters that are more
concentrated in the region but
are declining (negative growth).
These clusters typically fall
into the lower quadrant as
job losses cause a decline
in concentration.
Contains clusters that are
under-represented in the
region but are growing, often
quickly. If growth trends
continue, these clusters will
eventually move into the top right
quadrant. Clusters in this quadrant
are considered “emerging” strengths
for the region.
Contains clusters that are
under-represented in the
region (low concentration)
and are also losing jobs.
Clusters in this region may
indicate a gap in the workforce
pipeline if local industries anticipate
a future need. In general, clusters in this
quadrant show a lack of competitiveness.
28. 28
Industry and occupation
section 05
Note: Label includes cluster name, LQ 2013, and Employment 2013
Industry cluster bubble chart
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – EMSI 2014.3 Class of Worker Data (QCEW,
non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors), industry cluster definitions by PCRD
Transforming Emerging
Mature Star
% Change in LQ, 2008-2013
LQ,2013
29. 29
Industry and occupation
section 05
Note: Label includes cluster name, LQ 2013, and Employment 2013
Manufacturing supercluster bubble chart
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – EMSI 2014.3 Class of Worker Data (QCEW,
non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors), industry cluster definitions by PCRD
% Change in LQ, 2008-2013
LQ,2013
Mature
Transforming
Star
Emerging
31. 31
Bubble chart interpretation
Industry and occupation
section 05
Mature Industries
Few industry clusters in the Northwest Region are in
the Mature stage. Mature clusters are relatively
concentrated, but their growth is trending downward.
Biomedical/Biotechnical, Mining, Transportation and
Logistics, and Machinery Manufacturing are the
mature clusters. It is worth noting, however, that the
Northwest Region may find it worthwhile to invest in
efforts to shore up the concentration of some of these
industries if they are deemed important to the future
economy of the region.
Transforming Industries
Transforming clusters are relatively small and
declining industries. In the Northwest Region, the
Defense and Security, Arts and Entertainment,
Education and Knowledge Creation and Apparel and
Textile clusters are transforming industries. Any
amount of growth in these industries would require
relatively large investments.
STAR Industries
The most highly concentrated Star industry cluster in the
Northwest Region is Primary Metal Manufacturing with a
location quotient (LQ) of 24. Significant star clusters
include Advanced Materials and Manufacturing with
around 30,000 jobs each. Other Star clusters include
Transportation and Logistics, Energy, Chemicals and
Glass and Ceramics. The region has significant
transportation assets with several interstates and
freight railroads. Proximity to Chicago is an advantage
as significant logistics assets and warehousing are
being developed in the Chicago-Joliet metropolitan area.
Emerging Industries
Industry clusters that may be poised for growth are
classified as “Emerging.“ In the Northwest Region,
several industry clusters are Emerging. These clusters
have gained strength from 2008 to 2013 and may
emerge as important economic forces in the future.
Clusters that are worthy of note are the three
Manufacturing subclusters noted in the previous slide,
as well as IT and Telecommunications.
32. 32
Industry and occupation
section 05
Top five occupations in 2013
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – 2014.3 Class of Worker
The top five occupations in the
Northwest Indiana Region account for
48 percent of all jobs.
The largest occupation classification consists of
Sales and Related occupations, with 13 percent of
all jobs in the region linked to this category. This is
followed closely by Office and Administrative
Support occupations at 12 percent.
Rounding out the top five occupations in the
region are Food Preparation and Serving Related
occupations at 9 percent, Production occupations
at 7 percent, and Transportation and Material
Moving occupations at 7 percent of all jobs in the
Northwest Region.
33. 33
Industry and occupation
section 05
STEM and STEM-related occupations
STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and
Math) jobs decreased slightly in the Northwest
Region, a trend that was at odds with the rest of
Indiana during the post Great Recession
recovery period.
The decline in STEM occupations in Northwest
Indiana was due to job losses in computer and
mathematical occupations, as well as
engineers, architects, and sales and related
occupations between 2008 and 2013.
76,541
75,891
-0.8%
Change20132008
Job change in STEM
occupations
Northwest
Region
Rest of
Indiana
743,344
1.2%
734,571
STEM jobs in the Northwest Indiana
Region dropped by 0.8 percent,
compared to a 1.2 percent growth in
the rest of the state, between 2008
and 2013.
Source: Economic Modeling Specialists International (EMSI) – EMSI 2014.3 Class of Worker Data (QCEW, non-QCEW, self-employed and extended proprietors)
35. 35
Conclusions
section 06
Northwest Region: Key opportunities
The Northwest Indiana Data SnapShot report highlights a
variety of data that paint a mixed picture of the present
state of the region. The information offers local leaders,
organizations, agencies and residents with food for thought
in how to build on the existing and emerging assets of the
region.
Demography
•The Northwest Region demographic profile similar to the
rest of Indiana. Despite a slightly older population, the
percentage of people in the region in prime working age
cohorts is very similar to the rest of the state. The region
should assess its capacity to address the needs and
opportunities associated with an aging population.
Human Capital
•The educational level of adults in the region is aligned with
those of the rest of the state, although the percentage with
at least baccalaureate degree is slightly lower in the
Northwest Region. Assess the human capital and workforce
needs of firms in the region and determine how well the
skills of the labor force sync with them.
Economic Development
•Assess the human capital attributes of residents who
commute to work outside of the region. Those endowed
with medium or high level skills may represent a prime
source of labor for new or expanding companies in the
region.
•Focus attention on the needs and opportunities of Stage
1 and Stage 2 establishments, since they are key sources
of jobs and sales in the region. These establishments will
likely serve as key generators of new jobs in the region.
•Consider investing in the Star and Emerging industry
clusters that align with the long-term goals of the region.
These are the areas in which the region has a competitive
economic edge relative to the nation as a whole.
Contact Us:
The Purdue Center for Regional Development is available
to assist with more in-depth data or program support to
the Northwest Indiana Region, as needed. Please check
the back panel of this report for contact information.
36. 36
Report Contributors
This report was prepared by the Purdue Center for Regional Development in partnership
with Purdue University Extension.
Data Analysis
Indraneel Kumar, Ph.D.
Ayoung Kim
Report Authors
Francisco Scott
Bo Beaulieu, Ph.D.
Report Design
Tyler Wright
This report was supported, in part, by grant #00048765 from the Economic Development Administration as part of its investment in the Purdue
University’s EDA University Center project titled “Align, Link and Leverage University Assets to Build Regional Economic Ecosystems that Support
High-Growth Entrepreneurship.”
37. For more information,
please contact:
Dr. Bo Beaulieu,
PCRD Director:
ljb@purdue.edu
Or
765-494-7273
The Purdue Center for Regional Development (PCRD) seeks to pioneer
new ideas and strategies that contribute to regional collaboration,
innovation and prosperity.
September 2015