This document provides information about breast cancer including what it is, risk factors, screening tools and recommendations, types of treatment, and myths. Some key points: - Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that develops from breast tissues, usually the milk ducts or lobules. - Risk factors include age, gender, family history, genetic factors, reproductive history, and lifestyle. - Screening tools include breast self-exams, clinical exams, mammography, and ultrasound. Mammography is recommended annually starting at age 40. - Early detection through screening can help prevent death and suffering by finding cancer early when it may be easier to treat.

1. DR :-OMER HASHIM
RADIATION ONCOLOGIST
PORTSUDAN ONCOLOGY CENTER

2. CANCER
what is the cancer ????
Abnormal
Un controllable
Continues multiplying cells

5. WHAT IS THE BREAST
CANCER ??
Is a malignant cells developed form breast
Tissues usually the ductsThe ducts

6. WHY BREAST
CANCER ???

7. EPIDEMOLOGY
The most common cancer in the women
The incidence of breast cancer in USA is 442.4 per
100.000
Representing about 25% of all cancer cases worldwide
The number of new cases in USA in 2020 is about
276,480 IBC
48,530 in situ cases
About 1 0f 8 (12%)of US women will develop breast
cancer during their life

11. the mortality 40,000 women die per year
The 2nd leading of cancer death world wide

12. RICK FACTORS
No office causes but multiples risk factors :-
1) Age usually alder women in the 5th cascade 50-60
2) Gander female: male ratio 100:1
3) +ve family history
4) Early menarche
5) Late menopause
6) Genetic predisposition (BRCA 1 or 2)
7) obesity
8) Exposure to radiation
9) Past medical history of breast cancer

13. SCREENING

14. SCREENING
Many young girls are unaware of possibility of
developing breast cancer as young adult
There is a big difference between breast cancer
diagnosis
By screening and breast cancer diagnosis in late
stage
Goal : prevent death and suffering from the disease in
question through early therapeutic intervention.

15. TOOLS OF SCREENING :-
Breast self examination
Clinical breast examination
Mammography
Ultrasound

16. Even with lowered rate of breast cancer , always
stay aware of your body
Abreast self examination is a check up a woman
does
At home .
The best time is about 4—5 days after your period
start
Your breasts are not as tender or lumpy at this times
If you have gone through menopausal do your self
examination on the same day every month

17. WHAT LOOK FOR :-
pain less lump in
the breast
in
the armpit

18. nipple retraction ,envision or discharge

19. Changes in skin texture, such as dimpling, puckering,
or Skin that looks like an orange peel. Breast pain
may also be a symptom as well.

23. OF
INFLAMMTORY BREAST
CANCER
uncommon types of breast cancer no distinct lump
skin become thick, red, and look pitted warm or
tender with a rash-like look

24. CLINICAL BREAST EXMANITION
What’s The Difference Between A Breast Self-
Exam And A Clinical Breast Exam?
A clinical breast exam is performed by a healthcare
professional to detect any abnormalities and warning
signs Breast self exam is something every woman
should do once a month at home

25. MAMMOGRAPHY
 Mammography (also called mastography) is the
process of using low-energy X-rays (usually around
30 kVp) to examine the human breast for diagnosis
and screening.
 The goal of mammography is the early detection of
breast cancer, typically through detection of
characteristic masses or microcalcifications,
architectural distortion

27. Mammography

28. ULTRASOUND
Ultrasound is a complementary tool to mammography
for the diagnosis of breast cancer • The NCCN
recommends ultrasound for those women
presenting with a dominant mass or asymmetric
thickening or nodularity • The role of screening
ultrasound remains controversial

29. WHEN TO BEGIN
SCREENING???
20-40yrs : 3 yearly Clinical breast examination
After 40yr : Annual Clinical breast examination
Annual mammogram from the age of 35 years
Breast awareness:-
WOMEN WITH >25% RISK OF BREAST CANCER :-
All the above + MRI yearly after 35 years


30. EARLY STAGE VS LATE
STAGE

33. MORBIDTY:-

34. TYPES OF SURGERY

35. ALOPICIA

36. LYMPHEMEMA

37. MANGMENT

39. PREVENTION
Modify risk factors like: •
PREVENTION
ALCOHOL
REDUCE
WEIGHT
TOMAXIFEN
EXCRCISES

40. Prophylactic Surgery :-
Bilateral total mastectomy
or bilateral salpingoophrectomy
Can be done in special high risk patients

41. BREAST CANCER
MYTHS

42. “Only women with a family history of breast cancer
are at risk.”
Roughly 70% of women diagnosed with breast
cancer have no identifiable risk factors
“Most breast lumps are cancerous.”
80% of breast lumps are benign (noncancerous)
“Breast cancer is non curable”
90% of early stage breast cancers are curable, often
with breast conserving treatments

43. “Only women can get breast cancer.”
for every 135 cases of Breast Cancer in women, one man
is diagnosed.
“Small-breasted women have less chance of getting breast
cancer.”
no connection between the size of your breasts and your
risk of getting breast cancer
“Breast cancer always comes in the form of a lump.”
A lump may indicate breast cancer, but women should also
be on the alert for other kinds of changes that may be
signs of cancer.

44. “Caffeine causes breast cancer.”
No causal connection has been found between
drinking caffeine and getting breast cancer.
“Annual mammograms expose you to so much
radiation that they increase your risk of cancer.”
While it's true that radiation is used in
mammography, the amount is so small that any
associated risks are tiny when compared to the huge
preventive benefits reaped from the test.


45. “Having a risk factor—or even several—mean you’ll
definitely get the disease”
it just increases your chances
“Your father's family history of breast cancer doesn't
affect your risk as much as your mother's.”
Your father's family history of breast cancer is just
as important as your mother's in understanding your
risk. “Wearing antiperspirant increases your risk of
getting breast cancer.”


46. HOME MASSAGE

47. Death rates from breast cancer have been declining
since about 1990 in part to better due to
Screening
and early detection
increased awareness
and continually improving treatment options.
The majority of fund goes to improve treatment &
only
5% goes to prevention the effort