This document provides an overview of the vocational training program at the NTPC Unchahar thermal power plant in Raebareli, India. It discusses the plant's operations, including its main departments like the coal handling plant, boiler, turbines, generator, condenser, cooling tower, and ash handling plant. It also describes the sources of coal and water, and lists some advantages and disadvantages of thermal power plants. The presentation was given by Om Prakash, an electrical engineering student, under the guidance of his professor Nitish Kumar Yadav.

1. A PRESENTATION ON VOCATIONAL TRAINING
AT NTPC UNCHAHAR,RAEBARELI
Under Guidance Of:-
NITISH KUMAR YADAV
Asst. Professor (EE)
REC Ambedkarnagar
Presented By:-
OM PRAKASH
1473720021
EE 4th Year
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Sources
 Operation
 Main Departments
 Coal Handling Plant
 Boiler
 Turbines
 Turbo Generator
 Generator Circuit Breaker
 Condenser
 Cooling Tower
 Electrostatic Precipitator
 Switchyard
 Power Transformers
 Equipment in Switchyard
 Ash Handling Plant & Ash Utilisation
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 References

3. ABOUT NTPC
• NTPC was founded in 1975 to
accelerate power development
in the country.
NTPC has installed capacity of
(51635MW).It has-
• 20 coal based(38755MW).
• 7 gas/liquid fuel
based(4017MW).
• 1 hydropower plant (800MW)
• 9 power in joint ventures
(7,216MW).
• 11 Solar based (845MW).
• 1 wind power station (2MW).
In May 2010 , Government of India
granted NTPC status of
‘Maharatna’.

4. ABOUT NTPC, UNCHAHAR
• It was under taken by NTPC in 1992 from Uttar Pradesh State
Electricity Board.
• It has energy generating capacity of 1550 MW.
• It has 4 stages consisting 6 units of coal based thermal plant .
-stage 1 –unit 1 and unit 2(2 x 210MW)
-stage 2-unit 3 and unit 4(2 x 210MW).
-stage 3–unit 5 (210MW).
-stage 4-unit 6 (500MW).

5.  COAL SOURCE
North Karanpura Coalfield(Ranchi)
owned by Central Coalfields Limited
Coal type:-Lignite
 WATER SOURCE
-Sharda Sahayak canal(main source)
-Dalmau pump canal(auxilliary
source)
SOURCES

6. MAIN PARTS OF PLANT
•Coal handling plant
•Boiler
•Superheater
•Turbine
•Generator
•Condenser
•Cooling Tower
•Switchyard
•Ash handling plant
•Electrostatic precipitator

7. OPERATION OF
THERMALPOWER PLANT

8. COAL HANDLING PLANT
• The function of coal handling
plant is automatic feeding of coal
to the boiler furnace.
• A thermal power plant burns
enormous amounts of coal.
• A 200MW plant may require
around 2000 tons of coal daily
• following are the process of
plant-:
1. Bunkering process
2. Unloading process
3. Feeding process
4. Screening process
5. Crushing process

9. •A boiler or steam generator
is a closed vessel to which
water under pressure, is
converted into steam.
•It is one of the major
components of a thermal
power plant.
•Always designed to absorb
maximum amount of heat
released in the process of
combustion.
BOILER

10. SUPER HEATER
•A device which moves last
traces of moisture.
•It increases efficiency of
plant.
•Steam being dry reduces the
mechanical resistance of
turbine.
•No corrosion at the Turbine
blades.

11. TURBINE
•A steam turbine that extracts
thermal energy from
pressurized steam and drives
the generator.
• Turbines used are :-
1. High pressure turbine
2. Intermediate pressure
turbine
3. Low pressure turbine
Combined working of turbines
increases efficiency of plant.

12. TURBOGENERATOR
•The Turbo Generator is used to generate power by connecting the shaft
of the Turbine to the shaft of the generator which create the magnetic
flux producing Emf.
•The generated voltage will generally 11 kV to 33 kV max.In 500 MW
plant generated voltage is 21kV.
• The generated Voltage is stepped up by connecting Generator
Transformer and is also used for auxilliary purpose.

13. GENERATOR C.B.
• Generator Circuit Breakers are very expensive and
critical components of all power plants which
ensure protection of turbo generator.
• This is a SF6 GCB used in 500 MW plant.

14. CONDENSER
• Which condenses the steam
at the exhaust of turbine.
• It does it by passing cold
water supplied from water
cooling tower.
• The condensed steam can
be used as feed water to the
boiler.

15. COOLING TOWER
• Remove heat from the water
discharged from the condenser
so that the water can be
discharged to the river or re
circulated and reused.
• Air can be circulated in the
cooling towers through natural
draft and mechanical draft.

16. ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATOR
 It removes suspended particulate
matter(dust particles) from smoke
which evolved.
 Electric field is applied in between
its electrodes.
 As dust particles are charged get
deposited on electrodes making
smoke free of dust.

17. SWITCHYARD
•A switchyard is a part of an electrical generation,
transmission system.
•It is used to transmit or receive high voltage power.
•Switchyard transform voltage from high to low’ or the
reverse, or perform any of several other important
functions.

18. POWER TRANSFORMERS
Transformers are used in NTPC
are:-
• Generator Transformer-It is
combination of three different
transformer 200MVA each.It
converts 21kV to 400kV.It is of
600MVA.
• Station Transformer-It converts
400kV to 11kV,50MVA.
• Unit Auxiliary Transformers-It
converts 11kV to 3.5kV,16MVA.
• Unit Transformers –Converts
11kV to 440v.
• Neutral Grounding
Transformers-Used for neutral
of grounding turbo generator.

19. PARTS OF POWER TRANSFORMER
 Main Tank
 Conservator
 Buchholz Relay
 Breather
 Breathing Pipe
 Tap Changer
 Radiator
 Bushings
 Magnetic Oil Gauge

20. BUS DUCTS
Connection between turbo generator and
transformers in plant is done using bus ducts.
Different types of bus ducts are:-
• Isolated Phase Bus Duct
• Segregated Phase Bus Duct
• Non-Segregated Phase Bus Duct
IPBDSPBD
NSPBD

21. EQUIPMENTS IN SWITCHYARD
•OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS
1. BUS BAR
2. LIGHTENING ARRESTER
3. WAVE TRAP
4. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE
TRANSFORMER
5. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
6. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMERS
•INDOOR EQUIPMENTS
1. RELAYS
2. CONTROL PANNEL
3. CIRCUIT BREAKERS

22. ASH HANDLING PLANT
&UTILISATION OF FLYASH
• It is a plant that deals with the storage
of ash.
• Manufacture of cement(by ACC Ltd.
Amethi & Reliance Cement Factory
Raebareli
• Manufacture of bricks/blocks
• Agriculture as soil amendment/source
of essential plant nutrients

23. ADVANTAGES
•The fuel used is quite cheap.
•Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants.
•It can be installed at any place irrespective of the
existence of coal.
•The coal can be easily transported to the site
•It require less space as compared to Hydro power
plants.
•Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power
plants.

24. DISADVANTAGES
•It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large
amount of smoke and fumes.
•It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric
plants.
•Maintenance cost is more.

25. REFERENCES
https://www.ntpc.co.in/en/power-
generation/installed-capacity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feroze_Gandhi_
Unchahar_Thermal_Power_Station

26. THANKYOU