The document provides examples of how to change direct speech to reported or indirect speech. It lists common verbs and phrases used in direct speech and their reported speech equivalents, such as "am/is" becoming "was" and "today" becoming "that day." Examples are given to illustrate the changes between direct and reported speech for various verbs and time references.

1. Direct Speech Reported Examples
speech
amis was The doctor said: “I’m
going to take your pulse”
The doctor said that
he was going to take
my pulse
are were The patients said to the
doctor: “We are healthy”
The patients said to
the doctor that they
were healthy

2. Direct speech Indirect speech examples
have has had I said : “ I have a
pain in the chest”
I said that I had
a pain in the
chest.
Ben said to the
nurse: “ My brother
has hurt his back”
Ben told the nurse
that his brother
had hurt his back.

3. Direct speech Reported examples
speech
Dodoes did The patient said : “I
don’t do physical
exercises regularly”
The patient said that
he didn’t do physical
exercises regularly
Alice said: “my mother
doesn’t take medicine
Alice said that her
mother didn’t take
medicine

4. Direct speech Reported examples
speech
V, Vs Ved V3 The doctor said: “I
want to take your
temperature”
The doctor said that
he wanted to take my
temperature
Tim said to his mother :
“ Phillip takes medicine
regularly
Tim said to his mother
that Phillip took
medicine regularly.

5. Direct speech Reported examples
speech
Can could Nick said: “I can
break a stone”.
Nick said that he
could break a
stone.
must had to The doctor said to
the lady: “You must
stop smoking”
The doctor told the
lady that she had
to stop smoking

6. Attention!!!
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Now Then
Today, tonight That day, that night
yesterday The day before/previous
tomorrow The next / following day
This week That week
This/these That/those

7. Attention!!!
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
Last week The week before /previous
Next week The week after/the following
week
Two days ago Two days before
Here There