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Enabling DevOps for IoT software
development: A research journey powered
by Open Source
Hui Song, Nicolas Ferry, SINTEF, Norway
Recorded on May 17, 2020

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The ENACT project
Problem Research Innovation
DevOps for IoT
Open Source

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The Problem: software development for IOT
Software development IoT Software development

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DevOps in a nutshell
• DevOps core values:
• Culture: Practice of operation and
development engineers participating
together in the entire system lifecycle
• Automation: Infrastructure as Code,
Continuous Delivery
• Feedback: Measure everything,
feedback from Ops to Dev
CODE
BUILD TEST
RELEASE &
DEPLOY
OPERATE

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DevOps is challenging for IoT
Distribution and Diversity
• Heterogeneous and unstable devices, software, stacks, etc.
Multi-context & scalability
• Distributed components running in different context.
• More context means higher exposure to trustworthiness treats.
Actuators
• Impact on the physical world!

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The Research
ENACT will deliver a set of loosely coupled tools
to support the continuous development and
operation of trustworthy Smart IoT Systems

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ENACT DevOps for Smart IoT Systems
CODE
BUILD TEST
RELEASE &
DEPLOY
OPERATE
Continuous Risk Management
(business and non-functional risks)
Thing Functional
Modelling,
Actuation conflict
managers
Automatic building
of ENACT generated code &
Software diversification
SIS simulation and security,
privacy and scalability testing
Continuous deployment of trustworthy SIS
& security mechanisms
Context-aware
Access control,
Security control,
Adaptation
improvement
Security and privacy
monitoring,
Behavioral drift analysis,
Deployment status,
Root cause analysis

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A more complete pipeline
1 Modelling architecture
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M1
GeneSISThingML
Risk Management
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Actuation Conflict
Management
Virtual node
1 (RAM=64MB,
CPU=400MHz)
Virtual node
2 (RAM=256MB,
CPU=800MHz)
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Test and simulation
2
3
4
5
Risk assessment
Component logic modelling
Actuation conflict identification & mgt
Test & simulation
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2
3
4
5

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And at the "Ops"
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M1
GeneSIS
Online learning
Behavioral
Drift
Analysis
Root cause
analysis
Security
& privacy
Monitoring
DivEnact
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M1
Datacenter IoT device
Machine1 Machine2
VM1
VM2
Container1 Container2
LoadBalancer App1
App2
DB
calls
hosted
Device
App3
batch
ART high
Slow IO
Access control
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M1Security
& privacy
Control

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Don't re-invent the wheel. Improve/adapt/customize it

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Open source tools behind the research
ENACT Tools

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• Challenges
• Large number of sub-systems
• Different contexts -> Diverse software
• Main innovation
• Decoupling between deployment model
and particular device groups
• Typical operations for DevOps teams
• Achievements
• Integration with Microsoft IoT Hub
• Working with multiple companies for
further development
• Integration with GeneSIS for the "last-
mile deployment" Code
A fleet of similar device-sets
(The TellU use case!)
CODE
BUILD TEST
RELEASE &
DEPLOY
OPERATE
An example: DivEnact

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Research behind DivEnact
Fleet assignment
Fleet monitoringDevice deployment
device1 device2 device3 device4
Deployment plan 1
Deployment plan 2
Z3 theory prover

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Innovation: Building DevOps toolchain
for 3 teams from different domains
Rail Domain Smart Building eHealth
Enhancing train integrity
control
Smart Energy Efficiency and
Smart User Comfort
applications
Personal health gateway
Customization to end user
needs

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Continuous Risk Management
• Start-up created in January 2019 in ENACT in collaboration with H2020
PDP4E project (focused on GDPR and privacy aspects)
• Offers: Easy-to-use solution to continuously control risks in complex
digital systems and collect evidence of risk control efficiency
• Early Adopters: eHealth and construction (internal & external to ENACT)
Measure mitigation
effectiveness through
evidence collection
Continuous and real-time
analysis and automation
for risk assessment
Support for legal regulation
compliance with multiple
stakeholders

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Innovation through Open Source
The ENACT DevOps Framework on

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Conclusion
• Novel research is needed to support DevOps for IoT
• Open source tools provides strong support for software engineering
research
• We also use open source as the carrier of further innovation
Thank you very much!