1. BIO BRIQUETTE
By
S. Endah Agustina
-lab.energy & rural electrification,
Faculty of Agricultural Technology – Bogor Agricultural Univ.
- Indonesian renewable energy society

2. Oil resources
depletion
environment
Increasing
Demand Energy security
+ 5% RE in 2020
High oil
price
Role of Biomass
as
No subsidy Renewable Energy resources

3. Biomass
WHY
BIO-BRIQUETTE ??

4. Current situation subst.priority
 Energy for transportation
(petroleum oil, diesel oil, gas)
bio-diesel, gasohol (methanol), liquid coal
 Electricity
(hydro, geothermal, coal, gas/LNG, diesel oil)
hydro, geothermal, solar, coal, hybrid
 Energy for thermal process (industries &
households)
(kerosene, LPG, fuel wood, coal, biomass waste )
biomass waste, fuel wood, solar, LPG,
bio-oil, coal

5. Biomass Waste Potency

6. BIOMASS WASTE POTENCY

7. Biomass energy conversion technology
oil extraction (bio-oil, bio-diesel)
hydrolysis & fermentation
(ethanol)
an aerobic digestion (biogas/methane)
Biomass &
Biomass waste pyrolysis & gasification (combust.gas)
slow pyrolysis (charcoal, solid fuel)
briquetting (solid fuel)
direct combustion

8. Biomass & Biomass Waste Utilization in Indonesia
Biomass type Current usages Promoting as energy
Rice husk (w) Stove/furnace fuel, briquette, gas Solid fuel (briquette),
producer feedstock, charcoal, gas producer feedstock
cult.media, packaging materials
Rice straw (w) Cult.media, art/paper/packaging
materials, animal feed, soil impr.
Bagasse (w) Boiler’s fuel (Cogen system), Boiler’s fuel, solid fuel
briquette, fertilizer (briquette)
Corn Food, animal feed, cooking oil Ethanol
Corn cobs (w) Stove fuel Solid fuel
Coconut shell (w) Stove/furnace fuel, charcoal, Solid fuel,Gas producer
activated carbon, art materials, feedstock
home appliances
Coconut fiber (w) Furniture & packaging materials
Tapioca waste ---- Solid fuel (briquette)
(w)

9. Biomass & Biomass Waste Utilization in Indonesia (cont.)
Biomass type Current usages Promoting as energy
Crude Palm Oil /CPO Cooking oil, food & cosmetic, Bio-diesel
chemical product
CPO sludge (w) Animal feed Solid fuel (briquette)
Palm fiber (w) Boiler’s fuel (Co-gen system) Boiler’s fuel
Palm shells (w) odor agent (chemical prod), Gas producer feedstock
vinegar, road hardener
Wood waste (w) Stove fuel, charcoal, gas Charcoal, gas producer
producer feedstock, particle feedstock, briquette
board.
Saw dust (w) Stove fuel Solid fuel (charcoal bri-
quette), gas producer
feedstock
Rubber wood Furnace fuel (Rubber smoked Furnace fuel
process), furniture
Waste of food/agric Animal feedstock. Bio gas, briquette
processing (w)
Municipal waste (w) --- Power plant feedstock,

10. SOME OF POTENTIAL BIOMASS WASTE
No Products or Type of biomass Potency
commodities waste
1 paddy straw 5000 ton/ton paddy
2 Rice Rice husk 280 kg/ton paddy
3 cassava stalks 800 kg/ton cassava
4 corn Corn cobs NA
5 coconut Fiber/husk 280 kg/ton coconut
6 coconut Coconut shell 150 kg/ton coconut
7 rubber Wood (replanting) 1500 m3/Ha replant
8 cacao Cacao shells NA
9 Palm oil Wood (replanting) 74.5 ton/Ha replant
10 Palm oil Fronds 24.84 ton/Ha
11 Palm oil FEB 200 kg/ton FFB
12 Palm oil Fiber and shell 420 kg/ton CPO
13 Processed wood Saw dust 203 041.6 m3/year
14 Processed wood Other wood wastes 1 827 373.7 m3/year
15 Sugar cane Bagasse 280 kg/ton sugar

11. Several kinds of bio-briquette
Bagasse briquette

12. Rice husk briquette

13. Briquette made from
CPO & PKO production
waste

14. How to make bio-briquette?
Raw material Drying, sortation,
grinding,mixing
preparation
Raw material
Pyrolysis
(charcoal)
Densification
process
Briquettes

15. Simple manual
briquette
machine

16. Students
innovation

17. Semi-mechanic briquette machine
Rice
husk
charcoal
briquette

18. Briquette machine,
Developed by AIT

19. Comparation of bio-briquettes with
other biomass wastes
No Kind of fuel Heating value
(KJ/kg)
1 Sugarcane waste (sludge) 17638
briquette
2 Rice husk charcoal briquette 13290
3 CPO waste (sludge/mud) briquette 10896
4 Saw dust briquette 18709
5 Grass briquette 16247
6 Coconut shell charcoal 18428
7 Corn cobs 15455
8 Corn cobs charcoal briquette 20174
9 Wood fuel (acasia) 17270
10 Bamboo 17503

20. Bio-briquette as kerosene & LPG
substitution
Disadvantages:
1. change stove
2. adaptation
3. inconvenience
Advantages:
1. cheaper (or free)
2. Stove can be use with many
kinds of bio-briquette
3. Green energy
4. Renewable energy
5. reducing environmental problem causing by
unhandled wastes.

21. Thank you