The document analyzes NHS funding pressures over the next decade under austerity. It finds that without action, the NHS funding gap could reach £44-£54 billion by 2021-22. Closing the gap by 2014-15 would require pay reform, better chronic condition management, and reduced hospital activity. After 2014-15, continued savings efforts and funding rising with GDP could close the gap to £12-£14 billion by 2021-22. Freezing funding could leave a £16-£19 billion gap.