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1. 1
LESSON TITLE:
Culture and Society
Quarter: 1 MELC No.: 2
MELC:
Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and
society.
Name of Teacher - Writer: MERVIN P. ANCHETA
School: San Esteban National High School
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Division of Ilocos Sur
11/12

2. 2
Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and society.
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:
1. Analyze the concept, aspects and changes in/of culture and
society.
2. Appreciate cultural variations, social differences, social change and
political identities through an introspective learning activities.
3. Enumerate some changes of culture and society.
1
2
This Self- learning Kit is a tool which helps you my dear student to be continuously
updated, learn new competencies amidst the it focuses on the different concepts, aspects and
changes of in/of culture and society.
Read carefully the indicated lessons. As you go along this self-learning kit, you will
encounter activities designed to help you assess your understanding of the topics. Try to do
independently the activities given. Write your answers in your notebook. This will tell you if you
really understood the explanation. In case you find it difficult in answering the tests, I suggest
that you read the topic covered once more. You can also remedy the situations by asking your
teacher or call a friend.

3. 3
Activity 1:
Directions:
1. In your notebook, copy figure 1.
2. Write your name inside the circle
3. Write some information about you in the four spaces.
Figure 1
Hi, I am your teacher in Understanding Culture and Society and
Politics. As you go along in this kit, try to accomplish first the
activity 1. Follow the instructions as stated.
Good luck!

4. 4
Processing Questions:
Directions: Based on the output from the previous activity, discuss the observation based
on the following questions and write your answer on the blanks below.
1. What are the similarities and differences of every individual?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2. Do these similarities and differences affect the life of the whole community? How?
_________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Based from the previous activities, you have seen that
every individual has similarities and differences that affect one’s
life and become member in a certain community.
Before going further, try to read first what culture and
society means, its elements and aspects.
Culture and Society Defined
Culture consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics
common to the members of a particular group or society. Through culture, people and
groups define themselves, conform to society's shared values, and contribute to
society. Thus, culture includes many societal aspects: language, customs, values,
norms, mores, rules, tools, technologies, products, organizations, and institutions.
This latter term institution refers to clusters of rules and cultural meanings
associated with specific social activities. Common institutions are the family,
education, religion, work, and health care.
Popularly speaking, being cultured means being well‐ educated,
knowledgeable of the arts, stylish, and well‐ mannered. High culture—generally
pursued by the upper class—refers to classical music, theater, fine arts, and other
sophisticated pursuits. Members of the upper class can pursue high art because they
have cultural capital, which means the professional credentials, education,
knowledge, and verbal and social skills necessary to attain the “property, power, and
prestige” to “get ahead” socially. Low culture, or popular culture—generally
pursued by the working and middle classes—refers to sports, movies, television
sitcoms and soaps, and rock music. Remember that sociologists
define culture differently than they do cultured, high culture, low culture, and popular
culture.

5. 5
Sociologists define society as the people who interact in such a way as to share
a common culture. The cultural bond may be ethnic or racial, based on gender, or due
to shared beliefs, values, and activities. The term society can also have
a geographic meaning and refer to people who share a common culture in a particular
location. For example, people living in arctic climates developed different cultures from
those living in desert cultures. In time, a large variety of human cultures arose around
the world.
Culture and society are intricately related. A culture consists of the “objects” of a
society, whereas a society consists of the people who share a common culture. When
the terms culture and society first acquired their current meanings, most people in the
world worked and lived in small groups in the same locale. In today's world of 6 billion
people, these terms have lost some of their usefulness because increasing numbers of
people interact and share resources globally. Still, people tend to
use culture and society in a more traditional sense.
Aspects of Culture
The notion of culture presents a complex portrait of humanity. Anthropology regards
culture as learned, symbolic, integrated, shared and all encompassing (Tylor,
1871).
 It is learned because culture is acquired by being born into a particular society
in the process of enculturation, as anthropologists would say, or socialization.
As sociologists would explain. Through language, the cultural traits of society
are passed on to younger members in the process of growing up and through
teaching.
 Culture is symbolic in the sense that it renders meanings to what people do.
Beliefs, religion, rituals, myths, dances, performances, music, artworks, sense
of taste, education, innovations, identity, ethnicity, and so on, are meaningful
human expressions of what people do and how they act.
 The systems of meanings and many other facets of culture such as kindred,
religion, economic activities, inheritance and political process, do not function in
isolation but as an integrated whole that makes the society work.
 Since culture is shared within exclusive domains of social relations, societies
operate differently from each other leading to cultural variations. Even as culture
is bounded, it does not mean that there are no variations.
 Around the world, people as member of their ow societies establish connections
with each other and form relationship guided by their respective cultural
practices and values. These complex relations underscore the all-
encompassing nature of culture as it covers every feature of humanity.
Elements of Culture
To understand culture, it is necessary to understand the different elements that
compose it:
Knowledge – It refers to any information received and perceived to be true.
Beliefs— The perception of accepted reality. Reality refers to the existence of things
whether material or nonmaterial
Social Norms-- These are established expectations of society as to how a person is
supposed to act depending on the requirements of the time, place, or situation.

6. 6
 Social Change
Refers to an alteration in the
social order of a society.
Social change may include
changes in nature, social
institutions, social behaviors,
or social relations.
 Cultural change
The terms that deals with the
evolution of cultural
components.
Modification of a society
through innovation,
invention, discovery or
contact with other invention,
discovery, or contact with or
other societies.
Social change in Philippine Society
Philippine society is in a flux change. A major
consequence of change in the Philippines which
is also taking place in the other parts of the
contemporary world is modernization. This
implies a change from the traditional way of life
to a more complex, technologically advance,
rapid changing life style.
The various elements of socio-cultural
change are industrialization, urbanization,
technology, population, education,
bureaucracy, medicine, public health, and
recreation.
Sources of Change
 Innovation – social creation and
institutionalization of new ideas
 Diffusion – spread of innovation from
one social group to another
 Assimilation – process where some
of the “majority community’s cultural
aspects are dissolved in such
manner that the home cultural
manner gets integrated or lost.
 Social Contradictions and Tensions –
inter-ethnic conflicts, struggles,
protests, social
Some of Socio-Cultural Changes in the
Philippines
 Changes in politics
 Changes in job opportunities
 Changes in the pattern of
infrastructure
 Changes in the social get together
 Changes in health awareness
 Changes in eating habits
 Changes in technology
https://www.fes-asia.org/news/feminism-and-the-
womens-movement-in-the-philippines/

7. 7
/
Activity 3
Directions: Draw a picture of public transportation means in Philippine society across
different areas to depict the technological, cultural, social, and political change in
every society.
Activity 4:
Directions: Using the Venn Diagram, compare the three communities. Urban Community,
Rural Community and IP Community.
19th
Century 20th
Century 21st
Century
In the following activities, you are ask to draw different modes of
transportation in the Philippines from 19th
century to the present
and to take note of the changes made in our culture and society.
Rural
IP

8. 8
Activity 5: Poster Making
Directions: Make an illustrative interpretation of the theme “Society and Culture as complex
whole.”
As a Senior High School student, what do you think
are the necessary steps that you need to do in order
to start or create change if you want to see change in
your community.
 Culture is a people’s way of life. The first thing that one has to
acknowledge in defining culture is that culture is ordinary. This
means that all societies have a definite way of life, a common
way of doing and understanding things.
 Culture is what differentiates one group of society from the next;
different societies have different cultures.
 Culture and society are intricately related. A culture consists of
the “objects” of a society, whereas a society consists of the
people who share a common culture. When the terms culture
and society first acquired their current meanings, most people in
the world worked and lived in small groups in the same locale.
Urban
“Society and Culture as complex whole.”

9. 9
Directions: TRUE or FALSE. Study the sentences carefully and write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if it is not.
____________1. Through culture, people and groups define themselves, conform to
society's shared values, and contribute to society
____________2. Popularly speaking, being cultured means being well‐ educated,
knowledgeable of the arts, stylish, and well‐ mannered.
____________3. Sociologists define culture differently than they do cultured, high
culture, low culture, and popular culture.
____________4. People living in arctic climates developed similar cultures from
those living in desert cultures.
____________5. Culture and society are intricately related
Directions: Multiple Choice. Read the following and write the letter of your choice in your
answer sheet.

10. 10
1. Refers to clusters of rules and cultural meanings associated with specific social
activities.
a. Culture
b. b. Society
c. c. institution
d. d. capital
2. Consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other characteristics common to
the members of a particular group or society
a. Culture
b. b. Society
c. c. institution
d. d. capital
3. Sociologists define ________ as the people who interact in such a way as to
share a common culture
a.Culture
b. Society
c. institution
d. capital
4. The ________ may be ethnic or racial, based on gender, or due to shared beliefs, values,
and activities
a. cultural bond
b. high culture
c. popular culture
d. cultural capital
5. Culture that generally pursued by the working and middle classes.
a. cultural bond b. high culture c. popular culture d. cultural capital
6. Culture that generally pursued by the upper class.
a. cultural bond b. high culture c. popular culture d. cultural capital
7. Members of the upper class can pursue high art because they have _________,
which means the professional credentials, education, knowledge, and verbal and
social skills necessary to attain the “property, power, and prestige” to “get ahead”
socially.
a. cultural bond b. high culture c. popular culture d. cultural capital
8. The term ________ can also have a geographic meaning and refer to people who
share a common culture in a particular location.
a. Culture b. Society c. institution d. capital
9. Being well educated means _______.
a.cultured b. society c. capital d. cultural bond
10. Common __________ are the family, education, religion, work, and health care.
a.Culture b. Society c. institution d. capital
C. Essay. Explain the following:
1. Culture and society are intricately related.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. What is the difference between knowledge, belief and social norms.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. What are the changes of culture, society and politics in the Philippines.

11. 11
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Culture in the Philippines
https://www.everyculture.com/No-Sa/The-Philippines.html#ixzz6SLU95du5
Culture and Society
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-sociology/chapter/culture-and-society/

12. 12
Culture and Society Defined
https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/sociology/culture-and-societies/culture-and-
society-defined
Development Team of Understanding Culture, Society and Politics
Reader
First Edition 2016
RUBRIC: Poster Making
CATEGORY 5 3 2 1
Graphics -
Relevance
All graphics are
related to the topic
and make it easier to
understand. All
borrowed graphics
have a source
citation.
All graphics are
related to the topic
and most make it
easier to
understand. All
borrowed graphics
have a source
citation.
All graphics relate to
the topic. Most
borrowed graphics
have a source
citation.
Graphics do not
relate to the topic
OR several
borrowed graphics
do not have a source
citation.
Graphics -
Originality
Several of the
graphics used on the
poster reflect a
exceptional degree
of student creativity
in their creation
and/or display.
One or two of the
graphics used on the
poster reflect student
creativity in their
creation and/or
display.
The graphics are
made by the student,
but are based on the
designs or ideas of
others.
No graphics made
by the student are
included.
Required
Elements
The poster includes
all required elements
as well as additional
information.
All required
elements are
included on the
poster.
All but 1 of the
required elements
are included on the
poster.
Several required
elements were
missing.
Attractiveness The poster is
exceptionally
attractive in terms of
design, layout, and
neatness.
The poster is
attractive in terms of
design, layout and
neatness.
The poster is
acceptably attractive
though it may be a
bit messy.
The poster is
distractingly messy
or very poorly
designed. It is not
attractive.

13. 13
Grammar There are no
grammatical
mistakes on the
poster.
There is 1
grammatical mistake
on the poster.
There are 2
grammatical
mistakes on the
poster.
There are more than
2 grammatical
mistakes on the
poster.
Use of Class
Time
Used time well
during each class
period. Focused on
getting the project
done. Never
distracted others.
Used time well
during each class
period. Usually
focused on getting
the project done and
never distracted
others.
Used some of the
time well during
each class period.
There was some
focus on getting the
project done but
occasionally
distracted others.
Did not use class
time to focus on the
project OR often
distracted others.