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Senile Cataract
1. Senile cataract
Presented by:- Dr Nikhil Bansal
J.N.M.C.,Wardha
2. General Concepts
Almost universal in people over
70 years of age.
Occurs equally in men and
women.
Considerable genetic influence.
Average age of onset is earlier
in tropical countries.
3. Types of Senile cataract
1. Cortical cataract
2. Nuclear or sclerotic cataract
4. Cortical cataract
Etio-pathogenesis:- Hydration followed
by coagulation of lens proteins in the
cortex.
Features:- Occurs in following stages :-
1. Stage of lamellar separation
2. Stage of incipient cataract
3. Immature senile cataract
4. Mature senile cataract
5. Hypermature senile cataract
5. Stage of lamellar separation
Demarcation of cortical fibres owing
to their separation by fluid.
Demonstrated by Slit-lamp
examination only.
Characteristic grey appearance of
pupil.
Changes are reversible.
6. Stage of Incipient cataract
Wedge shaped opacities with clear
areas in between( Lens striae).
Most common in periphery and lower
nasal quadrant.
Only seen in dilated pupil.
Irregularities in refraction, visual
deterioration and polyopia.
7. Immature senile cataract
Opacification becomes more diffuse
and irregular.
Lens is swollen.
Iris shadow still visible.
Anterior chamber becomes shallow.
8. Mature senile cataract
Complete opacification.
Whole cortex is involved .
Lens appears pearly white in colour.
Also known as ripe cataract.
9. Hyper-mature senile cataract
Cortex is disintegrated and
transformed into pultaceous material.
Usually occurs in two forms:-
1. Morgagnian hyper–mature cataract
2. Sclerotic hyper–mature cataract
10. Morgagnian hyper–mature
cataract
Complete cortex is liquefied and
appears milky white in colour.
Nucleus settles at the bottom.
Calcium deposits may also be seen
on the lens capsule.
11. Sclerotic hyper–mature cataract
Disintegrated cortex.
Shrunken lens.
Wrinkled anterior capsule .
Dense white capsular cataract in
pupillary area.
Deep Anterior-Chamber.
Tremulous Iris .
12. Nuclear or Sclerotic cataract
Etio-pathogenesis:- Intensification of age related
degenerative changes associated with
dehydration of and compaction of nucleus.
Features:-
Hard cataract is formed.
Significant increase in water insoluble protein.
Lens becomes in-elastic and looses power of
accommodation.
Changes begin centrally and slowly spread to
periphery.
Deposition of pigments gives characteristic
colour to nucleus.