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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O „ѨHÍâ◊‰õΩÅ∞ ǨÏnãπѨa¡ˆH+¨<£û ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ W™ê¡"£∞r=#q^è•#O (`åb=ÚÖò W™ê¡"£∞) ã¨OHõÅ#O =∞øÖÏ<å=ÚMÏÎ~üJÇπÏ=∞^£#^£g(~°Ç¨ ‡Öˇ·) J#∞"å^ŒO =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£*ÏH˜~üL=∞s Publishedby HADITH PUBLICATIONS AshfaqWaheed H.No. 10-2-318/1/87, Vijaya Nagar Colony, Hyderabad-57 (A.P.) India. Phone: 9440354945 Taleemul Islam Islam JeevanaVidhanam (Telugu) Writer : Moulana Muqtar Ahmed Nadvi (R.A.) Translator : Mohd. Zakir Umari Edited by : Hafiz MD. Abdul Rawoof Umari All Rights Reserved with Publishers First Edition : January 2011 Copies : 3000 Price : Rs. 60/- AZIZURRAHMAN YUNUS S/o. H.Md. Abdur Rawoof Umari # 80-11/129E-17, Abbas Nagar, Karnool-2 Phone: 9849492445 Cell: 8121217938 MD.ABDULMASTAN H.No. 19-428/30, Z.P. Colony Chilkalpudi, Machilipatnam Krishna Dist.-521002 Phone: 250027 NIZAM MOHIUDDIN H.No. 51-987A, Plot. No.17 SBI Colony, Near Water Works Kurnool -3 Phone: 251525 SYED NOOR Al-Ahasaa- Al Afoo, KSA Cell:00966507947212 ANWAR BASHA H.No. 11-1-25, B.R.P. Road, Islampet, Vijayawada -520001 Phone: 9849378668 DECCAN TRADERS Moghalpura, Near Water Tank Hyderabad Copies can be had from ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ∞ ÅaèOK«∞ z~°∞<å=∂: HAFIZFAROOQMADANI Islamic Guidence Centre, Haill, KSA. Cell:00966502985504 MOHD. ALI & SON'S Moter Parts, RS Road, Nandyal Kurnool Dist.
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O ==∞Ü«Úºãπe"£∞ =*òǨÏǨ˙ WÅÖÏ¡Ç≤Ï =Ǩï= =ÚÇπÏã≤#∞<£ Ѷ¨Ykã¨Î"£∞ã¨Hõ aÖòL~ü=uÖò=ÙãπMÏ `«##∞ `å#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ JOH˜`«O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl ã¨[˚#∞_»∞ "åã¨Î=OQÍ ^Œ$_è»"≥∞ÿ# P^è•~°O Ѩ@∞ì‰õΩ#fl>Ëì . (Å∞Mχ<£ – 22) 7. „¿Ñ=∞ : Ѩq„`« =K«#O Ѩ@¡ qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_»@"Õ∞ HÍHõ ^•x Ѩ@¡ „¿Ñ=∞ ‰õÄ_® Hõey LO_®e. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ"å_»∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^èŒ~°‡"≥∞ÿ# W™ê¡"£∞#∞ `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ „¿Ñq∞OK«x "å_çH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^èŒ~°‡O Ѩ@¡ ‰õÄ_® „¿Ñ=∞ LO_»^Œ∞. =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^Œ∞„~°ã¨∂Å∞ÖÏ¡ÇπÏÜ≥ÚHõ¯ÉèÏ=O L`«Î=∞ =K«#O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ô~O_»= ÉèÏQÆO =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^Œ∞„~° ã¨∂Å∞ ÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JO>Ë =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ z=i ã¨`«º „Ѩ=HõÎ Jx J~°÷O. PÜ«∞xfl „Ѩ=HõÎQÍ ÉèÏqOK«_»=∞O>Ë =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ∞ PÜ«∞# P^ÕâßÅhfl˜h áêiîOK«_»O. PÜ«∞# É’^èŒ#Å#∞ ã¨`«º"≥∞ÿ#qQÍ ÉèÏqOK«_»O, PÜ«∞# x¿+kèOz# "å˜H˜, ã¨fiÜ«∞O HõeÊ`åʼnõΩ, =¸_è®Kå~åʼnõΩ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_»@O Jx J~°÷O. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xfl J#∞ã¨iOz JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ P~åkèOKåe. PÜ«∞# P^ÕâßÅ#∞, PK«~°}Å#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~°∞ÅO^Œi P^ÕâßÅ, PK«~°}ÅHõO>Ë „âı+¨ì"≥∞ÿ#qQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# „áê=∂}˜Hõ ǨÏnã¨∞ ÅaèOz# "≥O@<Õ W`«~°∞Å P^ÕâßÅ#∞, PK«~°}Å#∞ QÆ∞iOz PÖ’zOK«_»O J#=ã¨~°OQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) Ü≥ÚHõ¯ ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO Ѩ@¡ qâßfiã¨O, PÜ«∞# P^ÕâߊѨ@¡ q^èÕÜ«∞`å ÉèÏ=O QÆ∞iOz D „H˜Ok "åHͺÅ#∞ ZšѨÙÊ_»∞ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ LOK«∞HÀ"åe. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O : ==∂ P`å‰õΩ=Ú„~°ã¨∂Å∞ Ѷ¨Y∞EǨï ==∂ #Ǩ ‰õΩ"£∞ P<£Ç¨ï Ѷ¨<£`«Ç¨˙ 1. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩ=HõÎ g∞‰õΩ P^ÕtOz# "å˜x fã¨∞HÀO_ç x¿+kèOz# "å˜H˜ ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_»O_ç. (JÖò Ǩτ+π – 7) 2. #=∞‡HõO : D Hõe=∞ `«~Úº|ÇπÏ L`«Î=∞ =K«#O Ѩ@¡ ^Œ$_è»#=∞‡HõO Hõey LO_®e. ^•xѨ@¡ Z@∞=O˜ ã¨O^ÕǨ ʼnõΩ J#∞=∂<åʼnõΩ QÆ∞iHÍ~å^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∞iÜ«Ú PÜ«∞# LxH˜, QÆ∞}QÆ}ÏŠѨ@¡ ѨÓiÎ #=∞‡HõO Hõey LO_®e. 3. z`«Îâ◊√kú : Ѩq„`« =K«#O „ѨHÍ~°O PK«iã¨∂Î XHõ¯ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ<Õ z`«Îâ◊√kú`À P~åkèOKåe. |Ǩï^≥·"å~å^èŒ#‰õΩ ~°=fiO`«~Ú<å J=HÍâ◊q∞=fi~å^Œ∞. =∞#O^Œi P~å^èŒ#Å∞ ã¨fiK«Ûù`« Hõey JÖÏ¡ÇπψH JOH˜`«O HÍ"åe. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O : Y∞Öò Whfl Lq∞~ü`«∞ J<£ P|∞^ŒÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï =ÚMòeã¨<£ ÅǨïnÌ# WÖÏ Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩ ^èŒ~å‡xfl JÖÏ¡ÇπψH JOH˜`«O KÕã¨∂Î PÜ«∞<Õfl P~åkèOKåÅx <å‰õΩ P^ÕtOK«|_çOk. (JA˚=∞~ü – 11) 4. ã¨`«º ã¨O^èŒ`« : Ѩq„`« =K«#O Ju ã¨`«º"≥∞ÿ# =K«#=∞x ^Œ$_è» qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_®e. ˆH=ÅO JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ<Õ P~å^èŒ∞ºxQÍ ÉèÏqOz PÜ«∞<Õfl P~åkèã¨∂Î LO_®e. ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∞ HÍѨϺxH˜ QÆ∞i HÍ~å^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë HõѨÏHÍ~°∞Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ÖÏ~ÚÖÏÇ¨Ï WÅ¡ÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Jx ѨeˆH"å~°∞ HÍx "åi ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂Å∞ Jk ã¨`«º =K«#=∞x ÉèÏqOKÕq HÍ=Ù. "åi QÆ∞iOz JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) WÖÏ P^ÕtOKå_»∞. Ü«∞Y∂Å∂# – aJÖòã≤#u Ç≤Ï"£∞ – =∂Öˇ·ã¨ – Ѷ‘ Y∞Å∂aÇ≤Ï"£∞ "å~°∞ `«=∞ ǨÏ$^ŒÜ«∂Ö’¡ ÖËx q+¨Ü«∂efl "≥Å¡_çã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞ (JÖòѶ¨`üÇπÏ – 11) 5. ã‘fiHõ~°} : Ѩq„`« =K«<åxfl xã¨ûOHÀK«OQÍ ã‘fiHõiOKåe. H˘O^Œ~°∞ Ѩq„`« =K«<åxfl <À˜`À LK«Ûùiã¨∂Î, ^•x J~°÷O `≥eã≤ LO_ç ‰õÄ_® JǨÏOHÍ~åO, JǨÏOÉèÏ=O, D~嬺^ÕfiëêÅ =Å¡ D =K«<åxfl JOwHõiOK«~°∞. 6. q^èÕÜ«∞`«: Ѩq„`« =K«<åxfl JOwHõiOz# `«~åfi`« JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^ÕâßʼnõΩ Ñ¨ÓiÎQÍ q^èÕÜ«ÚÅ∞ HÍ"åe. JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^ÕâßÅ „ѨHÍ~°O PK«iã¨∂Î, PÜ«∞# x¿+kèOz# "å˜H˜ Ju^Œ∂~°OQÍ L#flѨÙÊ_Õ Ñ¨iѨÓ~°‚ q^èÕÜ«∞`« J=Ù`«∞Ok. W™ê¡"£∞ JO>Ë =∂#=Ù_»∞ =∞<À"åHõ¯~°‡Å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨@¡ q^èÕÜ«∞`« Hõey LO_®e. UHõ^≥·"å~å^èŒ# =∞iÜ«Ú ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎ QÍi J#∞ã¨~°} ^•fi~å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ ã¨O`«$Ñ≤ΠѨ~°Kåe. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O : 15 16
9.
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O „Ѩ=HõÎ P[˝efl =ºuˆ~H˜OKÕ"å~°∞ `å=Ú U^≥·<å „Ñ¨=∂^ŒOÖ’ z‰õΩ¯‰õΩ áÈ`å "Õ∞"≥∂#x ÖË^• ^Œ∞~°ƒù~° ^≥·= tHõ∆‰õΩ QÆ∞~°=Ù`å"Õ∞"≥∂#x `«Åz ÉèíÜ«∞Ѩ_®e. (J#∂fl~ü – 63) „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) P^Õâ◊O : =∂ P^ÕâßxH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ PK«iOz# "åx PK«~°} ~°^ŒÌ=Ù`«∞Ok. (=Ú`«ÎѶ¨‰õΩ<£ JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï) <å `«~°∞"å`« <å ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∂xfl, ã¨[˚#∞Öˇ·# „Ѩux^èŒ∞Å ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∂<Õfl#∞ ã¨iOK«O_ç. (J|∂^•=Ó^£ –4607, u~üq∞l–2676, WÉËfl=∂[)« W#fl=∂HÍ# M∫ÅÖò =¸q∞h# W*Ï ^Œ∞T WÅÖÏ¡Ç≤Ï =~°ã¨∂eÇ‘Ï eÜ«∞ÇπωõΩ=∞ ɡ·#Ǩï"£∞ JÜ«∞ºY∂Å∂ ã¨g∞<å = J`å<å = LÖÏ~ÚHõ Ǩï=ÚÖò =ÚѶπeǨ˙<£ 2. ã¨`«ºqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ "åi q"å^•Å#∞ Ѩi+¨¯iOK«_®xH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "≥·Ñ¨Ù PÜ«∞# „Ѩ=HõÎ "≥·Ñ¨Ù Ñ≤ez#ѨÙÊ_»∞ "Õ∞=Ú q<åflO q^èÕÜ«ÚÅ =∞Ü«∂ºO Jx J<åe. W@∞=O˜ "åˆ~ ™êѶ¨ÅºO á⁄O^Õ"å~°∞. (J#∂fl~ü – 51) Ѷ¨ÖÏ=~°aƒHõ ÖÏÜ«¸q∞#∂# ǨÏ`åÎ Ü«ÚǨÏH˜¯=¸Hõ Ѷ‘=∂ +¨[~° ɡ·#Ǩï"£∞ ã¨∞=∞‡ ÖÏ Ü«∞l^Œ∂ Ѷ‘ J<£Ñ¨Ùã≤Ç≤Ï"£∞ ǨÏ~°[<£ q∞=∂‡ Y*ˇ·`« = Ü«Úã¨e¡=¸ `«ãπb=∂ 3. h „ѨÉèí∞=Ù ™êH˜∆ ! "å~°∞ `«=∞ q"å^•Å Ѩiëê¯~° q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ x#∞fl <åºÜ«∞ xˆ~‚`«QÍ JOwHõiOz, "å˜ÃÑ· h=Ù WKÕÛ f~°∞ÊÅѨ@¡ U=∂„`«O ã¨OHÀzOK«‰õΩO_® ѨÓiÎQÍ ã‘fiHõiOz#O`« =~°‰õÄ "å~°∞ Jã¨Öˇ·# qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ HÍÖË~°∞. (Jxfl™ê – 65) 4. Y∞ÖòW<£ ‰õΩ<£ `«∞"£∞ `«∞Ç≤Ï|∂ƒ#ÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï Ñ¶¨`«Îa Th Ü«ÚÇπÏ aÉò ‰õΩ=ÚÖϡǨï =Ü«∞Q∑Ѷ≤~üʼnõΩ"£∞ A#∂|‰õΩ"£∞ =ÖϡǨï QÆѶ¨Ó~°∞~ü ~°Ç‘Ï"£∞ Y∞Öò Jf LÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï =„~°ã¨∂ŠѶ¨~Ú<£ `«=Ö∫¡"£ Ѷ¨~Ú#flÖϡǨÏÖÏ Ü«ÚÇ≤Ï|∞ƒÖò HÍѶ≤s<£ WÖÏ Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩ ! g∞~°∞ x[OQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ „¿Ñq∞OKÕ"åˆ~ J~Ú`Õ ##∞fl J#∞㨠iOK«O_ç JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ q∞=∞‡efl „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞. g∞ JѨ~å^èŒÅ∞ =∞xfl™êÎ_»∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ZO`À Hõ∆q∞OKÕ"å_»∂, Hõ~°∞}˜OKÕ"å_»∂#∞. WOHÍ WÖÏ Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩ. JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ, „Ѩ=HõΉõΩ q^èÕÜ«∞`« K«∂ѨO_ç. XHõ "Õà◊ g∞~°∞ u~°ã¨¯i¿ãÎ QÆ∞~°∞ÎOK«∞HÀO_ç. xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨`«ºu~°™ê¯~°∞efl ZO`« =∂„`«O „¿Ñq∞OK«_»∞. (PeW„=∂<£ – 31,32) Ѷ¨ÖòÜ«∞ÇπÏ[iÅ¡r# Ü«ÚMÏeѶ¨Ó# J<£J"£∞iÇ‘Ï J<£`«∞ã‘|Ǩï"£∞ Ѷ≤`ü#`«∞<£ J"£ Ü«Úã‘ |Ǩï"£∞ J*Ï|∞<£ Jb"£∞ 17 18 « =ÚMº QÆ=∞xHõ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Hõ$Ѩ=Å# Z<Àfl J=¸Åº q+¨Ü«∂Å =∞}˜Ç¨ ~°"≥∞ÿ# D ѨÙã¨ÎHÍxfl PO„^è•=xH˜ JOkã¨∂Î ZO`À ã¨O`À+≤ã¨∞Î<åfl=Ú. WO^Œ∞Ö’ „Ѩu ǨÏnã¨∞‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ѨÓiÎ ã¨=∂Kå~åxfl ǨÏnã¨∞ „áê=∂}˜Hõ`«#∞, <≥O|~°∞#∞ JOkOKå=Ú. HÍ=Ù# „áê=∂}˜Hõ "≥∞ÿ# (ã¨Ç‘ÏÇπÏ) ǨÏnã¨∞Å#∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ PK«iOKåÅx, |ÅÇ‘Ï# ([~¸Ñ¶π) ǨÏnã¨∞Å#∞ PK«iOK«‰õÄ_»^Œx áê~î°‰õΩÅ∞ QÆ=∞xOK«QÆÅ~°∞. [~¸Ñ¶π (|ÅÇ‘Ï#) ǨÏnã¨∞Å∞ „áê=∂}˜Hõ "≥∞ÿ#q HÍ=Ù. "å˜x P^è•~°OQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}Ö’xH˜ fã¨∞HÀ‰õÄ_»^Œ∞. –J|∞Ì„~°=ÓѶπ L=∞s
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O D=∂<£ q^èŒ∞Å∞ D=∂<£Ö’ P~°∞ q^èŒ∞Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. „Ѩu XHõ¯ qâßfiã≤ g˜Ñ¨@¡ ^Œ$_è» qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_®e. 1. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨@¡ qâßfiã¨O 2. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^Œ∂`«Å Ѩ@¡ qâßfiã¨O. 3. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) „QÆO^è•Åxfl˜Ñ¨@¡ qâßfiã¨O 4. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩ=HõΊѨ@¡ qâßfiã¨O 5. Ѩ~°Ö’HõO Ѩ@¡ qâßfiã¨O 6. *Ï`«HõOÃÑ· qâßfiã¨O. (ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ =Úã≤¡"£∞) 1. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏÃÑ· qâßfiã¨O JO>Ë PÜ«∞# LxH˜ Ѩ@¡ ^Œ$_è» qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_®e. PÜ«∞# L`«Î=∞ QÆ∞}ÏÅxfl PÜ«∞#ˆH ™⁄O`«OQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. PÜ«∞# `«# <å=∞=ÚÅ i`åº QÆ∞}ÏÅ i`åº XˆH XHõ¯_»x ÉèÏqOKåe. 2. ^≥·= ^Œ∂`«Å#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«_»=∞O>Ë ^≥·= ^Œ∂`«Å∞ *’ºu`À ã¨$+≤ìOK«|_ç# JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ™⁄+≤ì`åÅx, "å~°∞ =∞# Hõà◊¡‰õΩ Hõ#|_»~°x HÍx "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`« ^•ã¨∞Åx, "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^ÕâßÅ#∞ `«∂.K«. `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® áꘙêÎ~°x WOHÍ ZšѨÙÊ_»∂ PÜ«∞# Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«<åxfl Ѩiâ◊√^Œú`«#∞ H˘xÜ«∂_»∞`«∂ LOÏ~°x ^Œ$_è»qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_®e. giÖ’ „Ѩ=ÚY∞Å∞ #Å∞QÆ∞~°∞ 1. l„|~¸Öò (2) g∞HÍ~¸Öò (3) W„™êѶ‘Öò (4) W*ò~å~¸Öò(=∞Öò‰õΩÖò =∞ø`ü) gˆ~ HÍHõ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã≤OǨ ã¨<åxfl Z`ÕÎ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ ã¨fi~åæxH˜ K≥Ok# i*Ïfi<£, ã¨fi~°æOÖ’x ¿ã=‰õΩÅ∞, #~°Hõ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ H˜~å=∞<£ HÍuc<£, ~°Hõ∆Hõ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞, *Ï`«Hõ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ H˘O_»Å, Ѩ~°fi`åŠѨ~°º"ÕHõ∆Hõ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞, ã¨OK«iOKÕ ^≥·= ^Œ∂`«Å∞ „áêi÷OKÕ ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞, P`«‡Å#∞ fã¨∞H˘x ZˆH¯^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞. =Ú#¯~ü #H©~üÅ∞ gˆ~ HÍHõ WOHÍ KåÖÏ =∞Ok ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Å∞ L<åfl~°∞. 3. ^≥·= „QÆO^è•Å#∞ qâ◊fiã≤OK«_»=∞O>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) ^≥·= „Ѩ=HõÎÅO^Œih qâ◊fiã≤OK«=∞x P^ÕtOz#@∞¡ ^≥·= „QÆO^è•Åxfl˜h qâ◊fiã≤OK«=∞x P^ÕtOKå_»∞. g˜x =∂#=ÙÅ =∂~°æ ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO H˘~°‰õΩ J=`«iOѨ*ËÜ«∞@O [iyOk. W=xfl ã¨`«º"≥∞ÿ#q, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^ÕâßÅ∞ QÆÅq. H˘xfl „Ѩ=ÚY ^≥·= „QÆO^è•Å∞ Y∞~ü P<≥ =∞r^£ : JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JOu=∞ ^≥·=„Ѩ=HõÎÃÑ· J=`«iOK«|_ç# „QÆO^èŒO ¿Ñ~°∞ Y∞~ü P<£ =∞r^£. Wk JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ z=i ^≥·= „QÆO^èŒO nx XH˘¯Hõ¯ JHõ∆~°O ã¨∞~°H˜∆`«OQÍ LOk. „Ѩà◊Ü«∞O =~°‰õΩ ã¨∞~°H˜∆`«OQÍ LO@∞Ok. WO^Œ∞Ö’ ZÖÏO˜ ã¨O^ÕǨ xH˜, J#∞=∂<åxH˜ `å=ÙÖË^Œ∞. Wk ^≥·="å‰õΩ¯ Wk Pk JO`«O ÖËxk. Wk ã¨$+≤ì`«=¸ HÍ^Œ∞. `Ò~å`«∞ : =¸™ê (J) ÃÑ· J=`«iOK«|_ç# ^≥·= „QÆO^äŒO ¿Ñ~°∞ `Ò~å`«∞. D „QÆO^èŒO xO_»∞ =∂~°æ ^Œ~°≈Hõ`«fiO, "≥Å∞QÆ∞Å`À J=`«iOK«|_çOk. WѨÙÊ_»∞ =¸™ê (J) `«~åfi`« nx PK«~°} ~°^ŒÌ~ÚáÈ~ÚOk. D „QÆO^èŒO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ PK«~°} Ü≥∂Qƺ`« =¸™ê`À áê@∞ JO`«"≥∞ÿáÈ~ÚOk. WѨÙÊ_»∞ ˆH=ÅO nhfl ^≥·= „QÆO^èŒOQÍ qâ◊fiã≤OK«_»O =∂„`«"Õ∞ `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i nx P[˝Å∞, P^ÕâßÅ∞ áê˜OK«_»O =Úã≤¡"£∞ ã¨OѶ¨∂xH˜ ZO`« =∂„`«O ^èŒ~°‡ ã¨=∞‡`«O HÍ^Œ∞. [|∂~°∞ : ^•=Ó^£ (J) J=`«iOK«|_ç# ^≥·= „QÆO^èŒO ¿Ñ~°∞ [|∂~°∞. WѨÙÊ_»∞ D „QÆO^èŒO ‰õÄ_® ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. J~Ú`Õ nxfl ^≥·= „QÆO^èŒOQÍ ^Œ$_è»qâßfiã¨O Hõey LO_®e, WOHÍ nxfl J#∞ã¨iOK«_»O ‰õÄ_® ^èŒ~°‡ ã¨=∞‡`«O HÍ^Œ∞. WOrÅ∞ : D™ê (J) ÃÑ· J=`«iOK«|_ç# „QÆO^èŒO ¿Ñ~°∞ WOrÅ∞. D „QÆO^äŒO ‰õÄ_® `Ò~å`«∞, [|∂~°∞ÖÏ D™ê(J) `«~åfi`« ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕÜ«∞|_çOk WѨÙÊ_»∞ nxfl ˆH=ÅO ^≥·= „QÆO^èŒOQÍ =∂„`«"Õ∞ ÉèÏqOKåe. nxfl J#∞ã¨iOK«_»O ZO`«=∂„`«O ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«O HÍ^Œ∞. W`«~° „QÆO^è•Å∞ : ÃÑ·# ¿Ñ~˘¯#|_ç# „QÆO^è•ÖË HÍHõ H˘xfl z#fl z#fl ^≥·= „QÆO^è•Å∞ W„ÉÏÇ‘Ï"£∞ (J) ÃÑ· J=`«iOK«|_®¤~Ú. HÍx WѨÙÊ_»∞ Y∞~üP<£ „QÆO^èŒO `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~° „QÆO^è•Åxfl `«=∞ P^ÕâßÅ áêÅ##∞ HÀÖ’ÊÜ«∂~Ú. WѨÙÊ_»∞ =∂#=ÙÅO^Œi =∂~°æ ^Œ~°≈Hõ`åfixH˜, ™êѶ¨ÖϺxH˜ XˆH XHõ¯ ^≥·= „QÆO^èŒO f~°∞Ê k#O =~°‰õΩ q∞ye LOk. ^•x ¿Ñˆ~ Y∞~ü P<£ =∞r^£. 4. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩ=HõΊѨ@¡ qâßfiã¨O : „Ѩ=HõÎÅO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ^•ã¨∞ÅÖ’x ã¨[˚#∞Å∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) `«# P^ÕâßÅ#∞ ^≥·="å}˜ ^•fi~å giH˜ JO^Œ*Ë™êÎ_»∞. „Ѩu ã¨=∂[OÖ’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) XHõ „Ѩ=HõÎ#∞ ѨOáê_»∞. JO^Œi HõO>Ë "≥Ú^Œ˜ „Ѩ=HõÎ P^Œ"£∞ (J) WOHÍ JO^ŒiHõO>Ë z@ì z=i „Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) Y∞~üP<£ =∞r^£, „áê=∂}˜Hõ ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’¡ „Ѩ™êÎqOK«|_ç# „Ѩ=HõÎÅO^Œih qâ◊fiã≤OK«_»O =Úã≤¡=ÚÅO^ŒiH© `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i 5. f~°∞Êk#O Ѩ@¡ qâßfiã¨O : D „ѨѨOKåxH˜ XHõ ~ÀA `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® =ã¨∞ÎOk. P ~ÀA â◊OYO T^Œ|_»∞`«∞Ok. qâ◊fi=∞O`å z<åfl aè#fl"≥∞ÿ# áÈ`«∞Ok. P `«~°∞"å`« JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâß#∞™ê~°O =∞~À „H˘`«Î „ѨѨOK«O LxH˜Ö’xH˜ =ã¨∞ÎOk. â◊"åÅ∞ ã¨r=ÙÅ∞QÍ KÕÜ«∞|_»`å~°∞. =∂#=ÙÅO^Œ~°∂ f~°∞Ê "≥∞ÿ^•#OÖ’ Ǩ [~°=Ù`å~°∞. JHõ¯_» JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã≤OǨ ã¨#O h_» `«Ñ¨Ê=∞ˆ~k LO_»^Œ∞. „Ѩ[Å Hõ~°‡Å∞ <åºÜ«∞OQÍ ^èŒ~°‡OQÍ `«∂xHõÖ’ `«∂Ü«∞|_»`å~Ú. Hõ~°‡ Ѩ„`åÅ∞ ѨOzÃÑ@ì_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ã¨fi~°æ #~°HÍÅ =∞^茺 XHõ 19 20
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O J`ÒÎÇ‘Ï^£ `ÒÇ‘Ï^£ =¸_»∞ ~°HÍÅ∞ : 1. `ÒÇ‘Ï^≥ LÖÏÇ≤ÏÜ«∞`ü 2. `ÒÇ‘Ï^≥ ~°∞|∂aÜ«∞`ü 3. `ÒÇ‘Ï^≥ J™ê‡=ã≤á¶ê`ü `ÒÇ‘Ï^£ : JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XˆH XHõ¯_»x qâ◊fiã≤OKåe. XHõ˜ HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= L<åfl~°<Õ ÉèÏ=##∞ u~°ã¨¯iOKåe. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O : WÖÏ Ñ¨Å∞‰õΩ P JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ JkfifÜ«Ú_»∞ (JÖòWMÏ¡ãπ – 1) JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) `«# LxH˜Ö’, QÆ∞}QÆ}ÏÅÖ’ XˆH XHõ¯_»∞. 1. `ÒÇ‘Ï^≥ LÅ∂Ç≤ÏÜ«∞`ü (^≥·=`«fiO) : JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XHõ¯_Õ Jx qâ◊fiã≤OKåe ˆH=ÅO JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ<Õ P~åkèOKåe. P~å^èŒ#‰õΩ, ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O Ji÷OK«_®xH˜ PÜ«∞# XHõ¯_Õ J~°∞›_»∞. PÜ«∞# `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~°∞Öˇ=fi~°∂ P~å^èŒ#‰õΩ J~°∞›Å∞ HÍ~°∞. "å~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÎÅ~Ú<å, ^≥·=^Œ∂`«Öˇ·<å, l#∞flÖˇ·<å, ^≥·= Éèí‰õΩÎÖˇ·<å 㨈~. 2. `ÒÇ‘Ï^≥ ~°∞|∂aÜ«∞`ü : JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =∂„`«"Õ∞ UÔH·Hõ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù. PÜ«∞# XHõ¯_Õ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XO@iQÍ ã¨=∞ã¨ÎO x~°fiÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î<åfl_»∞. JO>Ë ã¨$+≤ìOK«_»O, Láêkè HõeÊOK«_»O, r=#‡~°}ÏÅ#∞ „Ѩ™êkOK«_»O Jhfl PÜ«∞# KÕ`«∞Ö’¡<Õ L<åfl~Ú. qâßfixH˜ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù PÜ«∞# XHõ¯_Õ. PÜ«∞<Õ Ü«∞[=∂x. PÜ«∞<Õ JO^ŒiÃÑ· PkѨ`«ºO HõÅ"å_»∞. 3. `ÒÇ‘Ï^≥ J™ê‡=ã≤á¶ê`ü : JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) `«# „QÆO^èŒ=ÚÖ’ ¿Ñ~˘¯#fl `«# ¿Ñ~°∞¡, QÆ∞}QÆ}ÏÅ∞ PÜ«∞#ˆH K≥O^Œ∞`å~Ú. W`«~° ã¨$+≤ì`åʼnõΩ "å˜Ö’ Z@∞=O˜ ™ê÷#O ÖË^Œ∞. Y∞~üP<£, ǨÏnã¨∞Å∞ ã¨∂zOz# D QÆ∞}QÆ}ÏÅ#∞ "å˜ ™ê÷~ÚHõ<åfl `«yæOK«_»O QÍh, "å˜Ö’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O QÍh, "å˜x J~°÷~°Ç≤Ï`«OQÍ =∂~°Û_»O, =i‚OK«_»O, LѨ=∂<åÅ∞ W=fi_»O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#=xfl x+≤^ŒúO Ü«∞^è•`«^äŒOQÍ qâ◊fiã≤OKåe. +≤~ü¯ : +≤~ü¯ `ÒÇ‘Ï^£H˜ q~°∞^ŒúO +≤~ü¯ JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ LxH˜Ö’ ÖË^• U XHõ¯ QÆ∞}OÖ’ U =∂„`«O JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ™ê˜ HõeÊOK«_»O. +≤~ü¯ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ Jxfl˜HõO>Ë =∞Ǩ áêѨO. +≤~ü¯ =¸_»∞ ~°HÍÅ∞ :- 1. +≤~ü¯ JHõƒ~ü 2. +≤~ü¯ Jã¨æ~ü 3. +≤~ü¯ YѶ‘ 1. +≤~ü¯ JHõƒ~ü :- JO>Ë W`«~°∞efl JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ™ê˜ HõeÊOK«∞@ +≤~ü¯ JHõƒ~ü‰õΩ áêÅÊ_ç# "å_ç ã¨fi~°O x¿+kèOK«|_çOk. WOHÍ "å_»∞ âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ #~°HõOÖ’ LOÏ_»∞. L^•: XHõ =ºH˜Î JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =ke W`«~°∞efl ã¨*ÏÌKÕÜ«Ú@. W`«~°∞efl ã¨O`å#O WKÕÛ"å~°∞QÍ ÉèÏqOK«∞@. W`«~°∞efl PǨ ~°O „Ѩ™êkOKÕ"å_»∞QÍ ÉèÏqOK«∞@ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q. "å~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÎÖˇ·<å Éèí‰õΩÎÖˇ·<å J=∞~°∞Öˇ·<å, q„QÆǨ Öˇ·<å HÍ=K«∞Û. +≤~ü¯ Jã¨æ~ü :- JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =^Œe W`«~°∞Å „Ñ‘u H˘~°‰õΩ ÖË^• ÉèíÜ«∞O =Å¡ ã¨`å¯~åºÅ∞ KÕÜ«Ú@ +≤~ü¯ Jã¨æ~ü x +≤~ü¯ YѶ‘ Jx ‰õÄ_® JOÏ~°∞. J|∂ã¨~¸^£ Y∞„n (~°) LÖË¡Y# „ѨHÍ~°O : XHõ™êi „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) qKÕÛã≤ =∞㑠Ǩï^ŒÌ*Ï˚Öò Hõ<åfl ÉèíÜ«∞OHõ~°"≥∞ÿ# q+¨Ü«∞O `≥Å∞Ѩ<å? Jx J<åfl~°∞ ^•xH˜ "Õ∞=Ú `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® Jx q#flqOK«∞‰õΩ<åfl=Ú. JѨÙÊ_»∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) +≤~ü¯ YѶ‘ JO>Ë XHõ =ºH˜Î K«∂ã≤#"å~°∞ ##∞fl "≥∞K«∞ÛHÀ"åÅx JÅOHõiã¨∂Î Z#flÅ`À #=∂A KÕ™êÎ_»∞. (Wɡfl=∂[ – 4204) +≤~ü¯ YѶ‘ :- +≤~ü¯ YѶ‘x +≤~ü¯ Jã¨æ~ü Jx ‰õÄ_® JOÏ~°∞. JѨ #=∞‡HõO =Å¡ TÇ≤ÏOK«x q^èŒOQÍ Wk [iyáÈ`«∞Ok. L^• : `«e¡^ŒO„_»∞ÅÃÑ· „Ѩ=∂}O KÕÜ«Ú@ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) WÖÏ LѨ^ÕtOKå~°∞. +≤Ô~¯ YѶ‘ #∞O_ç ^Œ∂~°OQÍ LO_»O_ç ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Wk p=∞HõO>Ë "≥∞Å¡QÍ „áê‰õΩ`«∞Ok. JѨÙÊ_»∞ =∞iO`« "≥∞Å¡QÍ „áêH˜`Õ ^•#∞flO_ç ZÖÏ `«Ñ≤ÊOK«∞HÀQÆÅO Jx „ѨtflOK«_»O [iyOk. JѨÙÊ_»∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) WÖÏ „áêi÷OK«=∞x LѨ^ÕtOKå~°∞. F JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "Õ∞=Ú `≥eã≤KÕ¿ã, `≥eÜ«∞Hõ KÕ¿ã WOHÍ "Õ∞=Ú Ñ¨ã≤QÆ@ìÖËx +≤~ü¯Å#∞O_ç h â◊~°}∞ HÀ~°∞`«∞<åfl=Ú. (=Úã¨fl^£ JǨ ‡^£, `«Éò~åh) +≤~ü¯ KÕ¿ã "å_»∞ +≤~ü¯ Ѩ@¡ ѨâßÛ`åÎѨO K≥O^Œ‰õΩO_® =∞~°}˜¿ãÎ J`«_»∞ âßâ◊fi`«OQÍ #~°HõOÖ’ LOÏ_»∞. J`«_ç ã¨`å¯~åºÅxfl =º~°÷O J=Ù`å~Ú. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) ™ê˜ HõeÊOKÕ"åiH˜ ã¨fi~åæxfl x¿+kèOKå_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O :- W#flǨ˙ =ÚÜ«Úº+πiH± aÖÏ¡Ç≤Ï Ñ¶¨Y^£ Ǩï„~°=∞ÖϡǨï JÖˇ·Ç≤ÏÖò [#fl`« = =∂"å Ǩï<åfl~ü JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ∞QÍ xÅɡ>Ëì"åiH˜ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨fi~åæxfl x¿+kèOKå_»∞ "åi x"åã¨O #~°HõO . (JÖò=∂~Ú^ŒÇπÏ – 72) =∞~À P^Õâ◊O: W#flÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï ÖÏ Ü«∞Q∑ Ѷ≤~°∞ JÜ«Úº+π~°Hõ aÇ‘Ï =Ü«∞Q∑Ѷ≤~°∞ =∂ ^Œ∂# *ÏeHõ e=∞Ü«∞ºëêL xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ™ê˜ HõeÊOK«Ïxfl Hõ∆q∞OK«_»∞. Jq `«Ñ¨Ê U áêáêxfl J~Ú<å `å#∞ W+¨ìѨ_ç# "åiH˜ Hõ∆q∞™êÎ_»∞. (Jxfl™ê – 48) 23 24
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O =Úã≤¡=ÚÅ#=∞‡HÍÅ∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XHõ¯_»∞ XO@i"å_»∞ JHõ¯~°ÖËx "å_»∞. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ Z=~°∂ ™ê˜ÖË~°∞. PÜ«∞# =O˜ "å~°∞ Z=fi~°∂ ÖË~°∞. PÜ«∞#‰õΩ =∞O„`«∞Å∞ ÖË~°∞, ã¨ÅǨ ^•~°∞Å∞ ÖË~°∞, PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ÉèÏ~°ºÅ∞ ÖË~°∞ ã¨O`å#O ÖË^Œ∞. PÜ«∞# ã¨~°fi*Ï˝x [iy#k, [~°∞QÆÉ’ÜÕ∞n, WOHÍ [~°∞QÆ#∞#flk WOHÍ [~°QÆxk XHõ"Õà◊ [iy`Õ ZÖÏ [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok Jhfl `≥eã≤#"å_»∞. PÜ«∞# ã¨~°fiâ◊‰õΩÎÅ∂ QÆÅ"å_»∞. PÜ«∞##∞ Z=fi~°∂ xã¨ûǨ Ü«∞`«‰õΩ QÆ∞iKÕÜ«∞ÖË~°∞. PÜ«∞# `å#∞ HÀiOk KÕ™êÎ_»∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ QÆ∞}ÏÅ#∞, PÜ«∞# â◊√Éèí<å=∞=ÚÅ#∞ ã¨`«º"≥∞ÿ#qQÍ ÉèÏqOKåe. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Jq JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „QÆO^èŒO, „áê=∂}˜Hõ ǨÏnã¨∞Å ^•fi~å x~°∂Ñ≤`«"≥∞ÿ L<åfl~Ú. L^• :- *Ï˝#O, q#∞@, K«∂K«∞@, â◊H˜Î, ã¨OHõÅÊO, =∂Ï¡_»∞@, ã≤OǨ ã¨<åxfl JÅOHõiOK«∞@ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q, WOHÍ PÜ«∞# „Ѩu ~å„u „áêѨOzHõ PHÍâ◊OÃÑ· J=`«i™êÎ_»∞. qâßfiã¨∞Å∞ f~°∞Êk#O <å_»∞ `«=∞ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù#∞ `«=∞ Hõà◊¡`À K«∂™êÎ~°∞. WOHÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) QÆ∞}ÏÅx#O˜x ¿Ñ~˘¯#fl q^èŒOQÍ<Õ qâ◊fiã≤OKåe, J^Õ q^èŒOQÍ "å˜Ö’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, KÕ~°∞ÊʼnõΩ "å˜x J~°÷~°Ç≤Ï`«O KÕÜ«∞ÏxH˜ QÍh, =i‚OK«_®xH˜ QÍh, LѨ=∂<åÅ∞ W=fiÏxH˜ QÍh W`«~°∞Å`À á⁄ÅÛ_®xH˜ QÍx „Ѩܫ∞uflOK«~å^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ<Õ P~åkèOKåe W`«~°∞ÖË=fiih PÜ«∞#‰õΩ ™ê˜HõeÊOK«~å^Œ∞. PÜ«∞# `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~°∞Öˇ=fiih PѨ^•ƒùO^Œ=ÙÅ∞QÍ ÉèÏqOK«~å^Œ∞. W`«~°∞Öˇ=fisH˜ ã¨*ÏÌ KÕÜ«∞~å^Œ∞ W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ "≥Ú‰õΩ¯ |_»∞Å∞ K≥e¡OK«~å^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ XHõ¯_Õ Q˘Ñ¨Ê ^èŒ#=O`«∞_»∞. q∞QÆ`å "å~°O^Œ~°∂ PÜ«∞# JHõ¯~°QÆÅ"åˆ~. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩ=HõÎÅO^Œ~°∂ ã¨`«º=O`«∞Å∞. „Ѩ=HõÎ =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) „Ѩ=HõÎÅO^ŒiÖ’ ÔHÖÏ¡ Q˘Ñ¨Ê"å~°∞, z=i"å~°∞. PÜ«∞# ^•fi~å ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO JO`«=∞~ÚºOk. f~°∞Ê k#O <å_»∞ UHõ^≥·=~å^茉õΩÅ∞, PÜ«∞# ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞ á⁄O^Œ∞`å~°∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ‰õΩ Ç¨Ï"£∞^£ [O_® W=fi|_»∞`«∞Ok. PÜ«∞# ǨÏ∫*ˇH“ã¨~ü #∞O_ç UHõ^≥·"å~å^茉õΩʼnõΩ „`åÑ≤OK«|_»∞#∞. „Ѩà◊Ü«∞O "åã¨Î=O, =∞~°}Ï#O`«~°O „Ѩ[ÅO^Œ~°∂ ÖËѨ|_»`å~°∞. `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® qKåiOK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. <åºÜ«∞"≥∞ÿ# ^èŒ~°‡"≥∞ÿ# `«∂xHõ, ѨÙÖòã≤~å`ü =O`≥#, ã¨fi~°æ #~°HÍÅ∞ ã¨`«º"≥∞ÿ#q g˜x qâ◊fiã≤OK«_»O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i qkè. *Ï`«HõOÖ’x =∞Oz K≥_»∞Å∞ "åã¨Î="≥∞ÿ#q. U =ã¨∞Î=Ó JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ *Ï`«HÍxfl ^•˜ áÈ*ÏÅ^Œ∞, ÖË^• PÜ«∞# J#∞=∞uÖˉõΩO_® [x‡OK«*ÏÅ^Œ∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) Ü≥ÚHõ¯ J#∞K«~° ã¨OѶ¨∞OÖ’x JO^ŒiHõO>Ë L#fl`«∞Å∞ J|∂|Hõ~ü ã≤nÌMò (~°), PÜ«∞# `«~°∞"å`« L=∞~ü 25
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«"≥∞ÿ#=ã‘ÅÇπÏ=¸_»∞~°HÍÅ∞ 1. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨q„`« <å=∞=ÚÅ ^•fi~å =ã‘ÅÇπÏ :- Ѩq„`« <å=∞=ÚÅhfl JÖÏÇπÏ H˘~°ˆH, PÜ«∞##∞ Ѩq„`« <å=∞=ÚÅ `À<Õ „áêi÷OK«O_ç. (JÖò P~åÑ¶π – 180) JO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ PÜ«∞##∞ Ѩq„`« <å=∞=ÚÅ ^•fi~å „áêi÷OK«O_ç. WÖÏ „áêi÷OKåe:- F JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ <Õ#∞ x#∞fl P~åiúã¨∞Î<åfl#∞. xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ h=Ù J#O`«Hõ~°∞}Ï =∞Ü«Ú_»=Ù Jáê~°Hõ$áê=∞Ü«Ú_»=Ù ™êHõ∆º „QÍÇ≤Ïx, ã¨~°fiO Ziy#"å_»=Ù. <å‰õΩ ˆH∆=∂xfl „Ѩ™êkOK«∞.(JÖσx QÍi J`«Î=ã¨∞Öò ã¨OѨÙ@ –1, ¿Ñl 29) 2. ã¨`å¯~åºÅ ^•fi~å =ã‘ÅÇπÏ :- JO>Ë ^•ã¨∞_»∞ `«# ã¨`å¯~åºÅ#∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯O@∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ã¨xflkèÖ’ `«# „áê~°÷##∞ ã‘fiHõiOK«=∞x Ji÷OK«∞@, L^• :- |h W„™ê~ÚÖòH˜ K≥Ok# =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ ѨÙ}Ϻ`«∞‡Å∞ XHõ QÆ∞Ǩ Ö’ z‰õΩ¯‰õΩ#flѨÙÊ_»∞ `«=∞ `«=∞ ã¨`å¯~åºÅ#∞ ¿Ñ~˘¯x JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ „áêi÷OKå~°∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åi „áê~°÷#Å#∞ JѨʘHõѨÙÊ_Õ ã‘fiHõiOKå_»∞. 3. qâßfiã≤ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „áê~°÷# ^•fi~å =ã‘ÅÇπÏ :- JO>Ë XHõ =ºH˜Î `«# J=ã¨~°O f~°ÏxH˜ ^≥·= Éèí‰õΩÎÅ#∞ `«# QÆ∞iOz „áêi÷OK«=∞x q#flqOK«∞H˘#∞@. L^• :- Hõ~°∞=ÙHÍ@HÍÖ’¡ =~°¬O H˘~°‰õΩ ^Œ∞P KÕÜ«∞=∞x HÀ~°∞@, „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) J#∞K«~°∞Å∞ PÜ«∞# HÍÅOÖ’ PÜ«∞#∞#fl ^Œ∞P KÕÜ«∞=∞x HÀˆ~"å~°∞. PÜ«∞# =∞~°}Ï#O`«~°O JÉσãπ (~°) ^•fi~å ^Œ∞P KÕ~ÚOKÕ"å~°∞. (Wk „áê=∂}˜Hõ ǨÏnã¨∞) =ã‘ÅÇπωõΩ K≥Ok# D =¸_»∞ =∂~åæÅ∞ `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~° =∂~åæÅxfl x+≤^Œú"≥∞ÿ#q J^èŒ~°‡"≥∞ÿ#q. x+≤^Œú=ã‘ÅÇπÏ :- 1. x+≤^Œú =ã‘ÅÇπÏÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ˜ ~°HõO Uq∞@O>Ë =∞Ǩ ѨÙ~°∞+¨µefl ^≥·=™êxfl^蕺xfl á⁄O^ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ. „áê~°÷#Å∞ Ѷ¨eOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ HÍ~°‰õΩÅ∞QÍ ÉèÏqOK«_»O W@∞=O˜ =ã‘ÅÇπÏ x+≤^ŒúO, =∞Ǩ áêѨO. =∞Hͯ Jqâßfiã¨∞Å∞ WÖÏ KÕ¿ã "å~°∞ "åi QÆ∞iOz JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) WÖÏ P^ÕtOKå_»∞:- JÖÏ eÖÏ¡Ç≤ÏnÌ#∞Öò MÏeã¨∞ =Å¡r#`«ÎYE q∞<£^Œ∂xÇ‘Ï J"£eÜ«∂J =∂<å|∞^Œ∞Ǩï"£∞ WÖÏ¡ eÜ«∞Y„i|∂<å WÅÖÏ¡Ç≤Ï AÖòá¶ê, W#flÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï Ü«∞ÇπωõΩ=Ú Éˇ·#Ǩï"£∞ Ѷ‘=∂Ǩï"£∞ Ѷ‘Ç≤Ï Ü«∞Mò`«iѶ¨Ó<£ W#flÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï ÖÏÜ«∞ÇπÏn =∞<£Ç¨ï= HÍl|∞<£ Hõá¶êÊù~ü QÆ∞~°∞ÎOK«∞HÀ ! ã¨`«º^èŒ~°‡O ˆH=ÅO JÖÏ¡ÇπψH K≥O^Œ∞`«∞Ok. PÜ«∞#∞fl =^Œe W`«~°∞Å#∞ ã¨O~°Hõ∆‰õΩÅ∞QÍ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl"å~°∞ ''"å~°∞ =∞=∞‡efl JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ‰õΩ KÕ~°∞Û`å~°x =∂„`«"Õ∞ "Õ∞=Ú "åix P~åkèã¨∞Î<åfl=Ú—— Jx JOÏ~°∞. xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "åi Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~°qÉèË^•Å‰õΩ QÆ∞iKÕã≤# q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ QÆ∞iOz f~°∞Ê W™êÎ_»∞. Jã¨`«º"åk, ã¨`«ºkèHͯi J~Ú# „Ѩu =ºH˜ÎH© JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ~°∞A=∂~°æO K«∂Ѩ_»∞. (JA˚=∞~ü – 3) D "åHõºOÖ’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) ã¨$+≤ì`åÅ ^•fi~å ^≥·=™êxfl^蕺xfl á⁄O^Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕ¿ã "åix q=∞~°≈WOKå_»∞, "åix Jã¨`«º"å^Œ∞Å∞QÍ, ã¨`«º kèHͯ~°∞Å∞QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ }˜OKå_»∞. 2. x+≤^Œú =ã‘ÅÇπÏ Ö’x Ô~O_»= ~°HõO Uq∞@O>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ L#fl Q˘Ñ¨Ê ™ê÷<åÅ ^•fi~å JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ™êxflÇ≤Ï`åºxfl á⁄O^Õ „Ѩܫ∞`«flO KÕÜ«∞_»O, W@∞=O˜ =ã‘ÅÇπÏ x+≤^Œú"≥∞ÿ#k. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ÃÑ· Z=i PkèѨ`«ºO ÖË^Œ∞. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ =^ŒÌ Q“~°=O ˆH=ÅO qâßfiã¨O, ã¨`å¯~åºÅ =ÖË¡ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. "å˜ Ñ¶¨e`åÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® J`«_çˆH Åaè™êÎ~Ú. W`«∞~°∞ʼnõΩ Ug∞ ÅaèOK«=Ù JÖÏO@ѨÙÊ_»∞ W`«~°∞Å Q˘Ñ¨Ê`«<åÅ#∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ÃÑ· ~°∞^Œ∞Ì@ ZO`«=∂„`«O ã¨=∞O[ã¨O HÍ^Œ∞. 3. x+≤^Œú =ã‘ÅÇπÏÖ’x =¸_»=~°HõO Uq∞@O>Ë Ñ¨Ù}Ϻ`«∞‡Å ¿Ñ~° „Ѩ=∂}O KÕã≤ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ™êxflÇ≤Ï`åºxfl HÀ~°@O. L^•:- F JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ <Õ#∞ h Ѷ¨ÖÏ<å „Ñ≤Ü«∞Éèí‰õΩÎx ÃÑ· „Ѩ=∂}O KÕã≤ K≥ѨÙÎ<åfl#∞ h=Ù <å Ji÷OѨÙ#∞ <≥~°"Õ~°∞Û. W@∞=O˜ =ã‘ÅÇπÏ ‰õÄ_® x+≤^Œú"Õ∞, ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ#∞ =ke W`«~°∞ÅÃÑ· „Ѩ=∂}O KÕÜ«∞@O ‰õÄ_® x+≤^ŒúO. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) W`«∞~°ÅÃÑ· „Ѩ=∂}O KÕã≤# "å~°∞ JÖÏ¡ÇπωõΩ ™ê˜ HõeÊOz#>Ëì Jx ÃÇÏK«ÛiOKå~°∞. (u~üq∞l ,ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 1535) 28 29
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O W™ê¡"£∞q^èŒ∞Å∞ qkè JO>Ë =¸Å ã¨ÎOÉèíO ^•xÃÑ·<Õ Éèí=#O xÅ|_»∞`«∞Ok. W™ê¡"£∞Ö’ S^Œ∞ q^èŒ∞Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. 1. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ `«Ñ¨Ê W`«~° P~å^èŒ∞ºÖˇ=fi~°∂ ÖË~°x, =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „Ѩ=HõÎ Jx ™êHõ∆ºO ѨÅ∞‰õΩ@ qâ◊fiã≤OK«@O. 2. #=∂A ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«∞@. 3. [HÍ`ü K≥e¡OK«∞@ 4. ~°=∞*Ï<£ LѨ"å™êÅ∞ áê˜OKåe 5. â◊H˜ÎQÆÅ "å~°∞ ǨÏ*ò KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ ɡ·`«∞ÖÏ¡ÇπÏ "≥àÏ¡e (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) UHõ`«fiO, ^≥·=^Ò`«ºO QÆ∞iOz W™ê¡"£∞ q^èŒ∞Ö’¡ =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ<Õ ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»O [iyOk. g˜x ÉÏQÍ QÆ∞~°∞ÎOK«∞HÀ"åe. W`«~° q^èŒ∞Å#∞ QÆ∞iOz „Hõ=∞OQÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»O [~°∞QÆ∞ `«∞Ok. Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí`« Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí`«, W™ê¡"£∞Ö’x Q˘Ñ¨Ê J#∞„QÆǨ O XHõ qâßfiã≤H˜ qâßfiã¨O`À áê@∞ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O :- W#flÖÏ¡Ç¨Ï Ü«ÚÇ≤Ï|∞ƒ`«Î"åfic# =Ü«ÚÇ≤Ï|∞ƒÖò =Ú`«`«Ç≤Ï›s<£ xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Ñ¨âßÛ`åÎѨO K≥O^Õ"åix, Ѩiâ◊√^Œú`«#∞ áê˜OKÕ"åix „¿Ñq∞™êÎ_»∞. (JÖò|Y~°ÇπÏ – 222) „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) LѨ^Õâ◊O :- J`ü `«Ç¨˙~°∞ xã¨∞ÊùÖò D=∂<£ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí`« D=∂<£Ö’x ã¨QÆÉèÏQÆO. (ui‡l 3519 [~¸Ñ¶π) J`«ÎǨï~°∞ +¨„`«∞Öò D=∂<£.(=Úã≤¡O) Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí`« qâßfiã¨OÖ’(D=∂<£)JO`«~åƒùQÆO. 1. h˜ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí`« :- =~°¬Ñ¨Ù h~°∞, =∞OK«∞, =_»QÆà◊√¡ ^•fi~å ÅaèOKÕ hà◊¡xfl Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#q. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O: =J<£[Öò<å q∞#ã¨û=∂~Ú =∂ J<£ `«Ç¨˙~å 30
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O "Õ∞=Ú PHÍâ◊O #∞O_ç Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ# [ÖÏxfl J=`«iOѨ*Ë™ê=Ú. (JÖò ѨÙ~åö<£ – 48) 2. ã¨=Ú„^ŒÑ¨Ù h~°∞ :- ã¨=Ú„^ŒÑ¨Ù h˜ QÆ∞iOz „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) P^Õâ◊O :- ã¨=Ú„^ŒÑ¨Ù h~°∞ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#k. ^•x xs˚= Hõàı|~°O ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«"≥∞ÿ#q. (J|∂^•=Ó^£, ã¨Ç‘Ï–83,#™ê~Ú, u~üq∞l) 3. ["£∞["£∞ [ÅO, ÉÏ=ÙÅ, #^Œ∞Å, K≥~°∞=ÙÅ h~°∞ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#q. 4. Ô~O_»∞ ‰õΩO_»Å HõO>Ë JkèHõOQÍ LO_ç ^•x ~°OQÆ∞, ~°∞z, "åã¨# =∂~°x hà◊√§ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#q. h~°∞ Ô~O_»∞ ‰õΩO_»Å‰õΩ ã¨=∂#OQÍ LO>Ë ^•xfl =∂e#ºO JѨiâ◊√„ÉèíO KÕÜ«∞*ÏÅ^Œ∞. (J|∂^•=Ó^£ ã¨Ç‘Ï–63, #™ê~Ú. u~üq∞l–67, Wɡfl=∂[) q=~°} :- ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ Ô~O_»∞ ‰õΩO_»Å∞ Jx LOk JO>Ë Jq J~Ú^Œ∞ KÕ^ŒÅ‰õΩ ã¨=∂#O J#fl=∂@. PǨ ~°Ñ¨^•~å÷Å,áêhÜ«∂ÅZOye =∞x+≤ ZOye Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#k. J`«_»∞ =Úã≤¡"≥∞ÿ<å, =Úã≤¡"Õ∞`«~°∞_≥·<å JѨi â◊√„ÉèíOQÍ L<åfl, |Ç≤Ï+¨µìã≤÷uÖ’ L<åfl 㨈~ U [O`«∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =∂Oã¨O ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«O KÕÜ«∞|_çO^À ^•x ZOye ‰õÄ_® ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«"Õ∞. QÍ_ç^ŒÅ∞ HõOK«~° QÍ_ç^ŒÅ∞ „‰õÄ~° [O`«∞=ÙÅ∞ ѨO*ÏÅ`À Ñ‘‰õΩ¯ u<Õ Ñ¨‰õ∆ΩÅ ZOye ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«"Õ∞. QÍ_ç^ŒÅ∞, „‰õÄ~°[O`«∞=ÙÅ∞, Ѩ‰õ∆ΩÅ∞ „`åy# h˜`À "Õ∞=Ú =ÙE KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û<å Jx „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨Å¡ÖϡǨï JÖˇ·Ç≤Ï =ã¨Å¡O)#∞ „ѨtflOK«_»O [iyOk. ^•xH˜ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ["å|∞QÍ 'J=Ù#x— ã¨=∂^è•#O WKåÛ~°∞. (ɡ·Ç¨Ïv) Ñ≤e¡ ZOye Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#^Œx *Ïa~ü(~°) ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ LOk. Ñ≤e¡ „`åy q∞yeÛ# h~°∞ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#k. Ǩτ[`ü HõÉòëêa<£`≥ HõJÉò (~°lJ) LÖË¡Y#O: J|∂Y`å^Œ (~°lJ) WO’¡H˜ =KåÛ~°∞. PÜ«∞# H˘~°‰õΩ hà◊√§ ÃÑÏì~°∞. P "≥O@<Õ XHõ Ñ≤e¡ =zÛ P h~°∞ „`åQÆ™êyOk. <Õ#∞ K«∂_»™êQÍ#∞. JѨÙÊ_»∞ J|∂ Y`å^Œ (~°l) <å`À Pâ◊Û~°ºáÈ`«∞<åfl "≥O^Œ∞‰õΩ? Jx J<åfl~°∞. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) Ñ≤e¡ ZOye JѨiâ◊√„ÉèíO HÍ^Œ∞ Jx J<åfl~°∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë, Ñ≤e¡ WO’¡ ZšѨÙÊ_»∂ =zÛáÈÜÕ∞ [O`«∞=<åfl~°∞. (ui‡l 92 ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ) â◊s~°,^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅѨiâ◊√„Éèí`« 1. qâßfiã≤Ü≥ÚHõ¯ â◊s~°O, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅ∞ ZšѨÙÊ_»∞ Ѩiâ◊√„ÉèíOQÍ LO_®e. U q^èŒOQÍ<≥·<å JѨiâ◊√„Éèí`«‰õΩ QÆ∞~°~Ú`Õ "≥O@<Õ â◊√„Éèí Ѩ~°∞K«∞HÀ"åe. 2. =¸„`« `«∞OѨ~°Å∞ Ѩ_»‰õΩO_® KåÖÏ *Ï„QÆ`«ÎQÍ LO_®e. nx Ѩ@¡ J„â◊^Œú ã¨=∂kè tHõ∆‰õΩ QÆ∞iKÕã¨∞ÎOk. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) ã¨÷ÅѨiâ◊√„Éèí`« ã¨Ç¨Ï[OQÍ Éèí∂q∞ Ѩiâ◊√„ÉèíOQÍ LO@∞Ok. ÉÏǨϺ HÍ~°}ÏÅ =Å¡ JѨiâ◊√„ÉèíOQÍ =∂~°∞`«∞Ok. <ÕÅÃÑ· =∞e<åÅ∞ Ѩ_ç`Õ "å˜ÃÑ· hà◊√§ áÈã≤ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí Ѩ~°Kåe XHõ"Õà◊ `˘ÅyOK«|_Õq J~Ú`Õ "å˜x JHõ¯_ç #∞O_ç `˘ÅyOz P „Ѩ^Õâ◊O h˜`À â◊√„ÉèíѨ~°Kåe. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞, J|∂^•=Ó^£) XHõ"Õà◊ =º~°÷ Ѩ^•~°÷O „^Œ=~°∂ѨOÖ’ Lò>Ë P „Ѩ^Õâ◊O ZO_çáÈ=@O =Å¡ Ѩi â◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿáÈ`«∞Ok. (Wɡfl Jc+‘|) ã≤^•úO`«O:– ^èŒ~°‡ ã¨=∞‡`«"≥∞ÿ# [O`«∞=Ù Ü≥ÚHõ¯ K«~°‡O LѨÙÊ ^•fi~å T~°Éˇ_ç`Õ Ñ¨iâ◊√„Éèí=∞QÆ∞#∞. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) #*Ïã¨`üq=~°} â◊s~åxH˜, ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎʼnõΩ =ÚiH˜ `«QÆʼnõΩO_® *Ï„QÆ`«Î Ѩ_»@O „Ѩu =Úã≤¡"£∞ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ qkè. ^Œ∞ã¨∞ΊѨiâ◊√„Éèí`« QÆ∞iOz JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O:– h ^Œ∞ã¨∞ÎÅ#∞ Ѩiâ◊√„ÉèíOQÍ LOK«∞HÀ. (JÖò=Ú^ŒÌã≤û~ü – 4) ã¨*Ïã¨`ü ~°HÍÅ∞:– 1. HõÖË|~°O U „áê}˜H˜ K≥Ok#^≥·<å, J~Ú`Õ KÕѨÅ∞, T~°Ñ≤K«∞ÛHõÅ∞ `«=∞O`«@ `å=Ú =∞~°}˜Oz<å "å˜x u#@O ^èŒ~°‡ã¨=∞‡`«O KÕÜ«∞|_çOk. (Wɡfl=∂[, J|∂^•=Ó^£, =ÚJ`åÎ) 2. „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ ~°HõÎO, |Ç≤Ï+¨µì, „Ѩã¨=^Œâ◊ÅÖ’ „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ ~°HõÎO. (Y∞~üP<£) 3. ѨOk =∂Oã¨O. JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O : WÖÏ¡ JÜ«∞º‰õÄ# "≥∞ÿ`«`«<£ JÑπ ^Œ=∞<£ =∞ãπ Ѷ¨ÓǨÏ<£ J"£ ÅÇπÏ=∞ d<£ ri<£ Ѷ≤#flǨ˙ i*òã¨∞<£. 31 32
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O K«zÛ# [O`«∞=Ù, „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ ~°HõÎO, ѨOk =∂Oã¨O xã¨ûO^ÕǨÏOQÍ W=hfl JѨiâ◊√^Œú=ÚÖË. (PÖòJ<£ P"£∞ – 145) 4.=∞x+≤ Ü≥ÚHõ¯ "åO`«∞, 5. =¸„`«O 6. =∞ÅO :– W=xfl UHõ„w=OQÍ JѨi â◊√^Œú=ÚÖË J~Ú`Õ áêÅ∞„`åˆQ =∞QÆ a_»¤ =¸„`«O JѨiâ◊√^ŒúO HÍ^Œ∞. ^•xÃÑ· hà◊√§ zÅHõi¿ãÎ ã¨iáÈ`«∞Ok. (J|∂^•=Ó^£, ã¨Ç≤Ï 374 #™ê~Ú, Wɡfl=∂[) 7. =n :– =¸„`« qã¨~°˚# ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ `≥Å¡x „^Œ=O "≥Å∞=_»∞`«∞Ok. Wk UHõ„w=OQÍ JѨiâ◊√^Œú"Õ∞ nx=Å¡ =ÓE ÉèíOQÆ=∞ø`«∞Ok. J~Ú`Õ nxfl â◊√„ÉèíѨ~°K«_»O `«Ñ¨Êx ã¨iHÍ^Œ∞. (=Úã¨xflѶπ J|∞Ì„~°*Ï˚Mò) 8. =∞r:– `≥Å¡x zHõ¯x „^Œ=O. Ѩ~°ã¨Ê~° Ǩ 㨺O, ZQÆ`åo KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#flѨÙÊ_»∞, ÖË^• Öˇ·Oy q+¨Ü«∂Å#∞ `«ÅK«∞‰õΩ#flѨÙÊ_»∞ „ã‘ΠѨÙ~°∞+¨ =∞~å‡OQÍÅ ^•fi~å "≥Å∞=_»∞ `«∞Ok. Wk "≥Å∞=_ç# `«~åfi`« =∞~å‡OQÍefl Ѩiâ◊√„ÉèíѨ~°K«∞HÀ"åe. =ÙE ‰õÄ_® KÕã¨∞HÀ"åe. (|∞MÏs) 9. =∞}©:– `≥Å¡x zHõ¯x „^Œ"åxfl Öˇ·OyHõ ã¨O|O^èŒ ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ "≥Å∞=_»∞`«∞Ok. nx=Å¡ `«ÅO@∞ ™êfl#O `«Ñ¨Êx ã¨i J=Ù`«∞Ok. XHõ"Õà◊ |@ìʼnõΩ JO@∞‰õΩO>Ë "≥O@<Õ ^•xfl â◊√„ÉèíѨ~°K«∞HÀ"åe. XHõ"Õà◊ Jk ZO_ç LO>Ë ^•xfl wH˜"ÕÜ«∞_»"Õ∞ ã¨iáÈ`«∞Ok. (|∞MÏs) 10. ‰õΩHõ¯ :– ‰õΩHõ¯ KåÖÏ JѨiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ#k Jk `åH˜# ¿Ñ¡@∞ JѨiâ◊√^Œú"≥∞ÿ áÈ`«∞Ok. ^•xfl U_»∞™ê~°∞¡ h˜`À â◊√„ÉèíѨ~°Kåe "≥Ú^Œ˜™êi ÖË^• z=i™êi =∞˜ì`À ÖË^• ã¨|∞ƒ`À â◊√„ÉèíO KÕÜ«∂e. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) 11. =∂#=ÙÅ =∞Å=¸„`åÅ∞, [O`«∞=ÙÅ ¿Ñ_» =Ú„`åÅ∞ JѨiâ◊√^Œú"≥∞ÿ#q. =∞Å=¸„`«qã¨~°˚<åxÜ«∞=∂Å∞ 1. Y∞~üP<£ "åHͺÅ∞, JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ ¿Ñ~°∞¡ „"åã≤ L#fl HÍy`åÅ#∞ =∞~°∞QÆ∞^˘_ç¤Ö’xH˜ fã¨∞H˘x "≥à◊¡~å^Œ∞. (J|∂^•=Ó^£, ã¨Ç≤Ï 19, Wɡfl =∂[) 2. =∞Å =¸„`« qã¨~°˚<å ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ `≥~°Kå@∞QÍ LO_®e. W`«~°∞Å ^Œ$+≤ì `«=∞ ÃÑ· Ѩ_»‰õΩO_® *Ï„QÆ`«Î =Ç≤ÏOKåe. (J|∂^•=Ó^£, WÉËfl=∂[, ã¨Ç≤Ï 332) 3. =∞~°∞QÆ∞^˘_ç¤Ö’xH˜ „Ѩ"ÕtOKÕ=ÚO^Œ∞ ÖË^• J_»qÖ’ =∞Å=¸„`« qã¨~°˚#‰õΩ "≥àı§=ÚO^Œ∞ ^•x „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ^Œ∞P#∞ ѨiîOKåe. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) 4. D ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ =∂Ï¡_»~å^Œ∞. (JÇπÏ=∞^£, J|∂^•=Ó^£, [~ÚѶπ 15) 5. dÉÏ¡‰õΩ Jaè=ÚYOQÍ ‰õÄ~ÀÛ~å^Œ∞. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) 6. „Ѩ[Å∞ =zÛáÈÜÕ∞ =∂~åæÖ’¡ =∞Å =¸„`« qã¨~°˚# KÕÜ«∞~å^Œ∞. (J|∂^•=Ó^£) 7. xÅ|_ç =∞Å =¸„`« qã¨~°˚# KÕÜ«∞~å^Œ∞. (JÇπÏ=∞^£ u~üq∞l, #™ê~Ú) JѨiâ◊√„Éèí =ºH˜Î ÃÑ· Wq x+≤^ŒúO :– `«"åѶπ KÕÜ«Ú@, Y∞~ü P<£#∞ =Ú@∞ìH˘#∞@, ÖË^• Ѩ@∞ì H˘#∞@, =∞ã≤˚^£Ö’ „Ѩ"ÕtOK«∞@. (u~üq∞l, J|∂^•=Ó^£) Ѩiâ◊√^Œú`«#∞á⁄O^Õ™êfl#OQÆ∞ã¨∞Öˇ[<å|`ü QÆ∞ã¨∞Öò JO>Ë â◊s~° ÉèÏQÍÅxfl˜h h˜`À â◊√„ÉèíѨ~°K«_»O Wk ^è•i‡Hõ ã≤^•úO`«O JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ P^Õâ◊O =W<£ ‰õΩ<£ `«∞"£∞ A<£|<£ Ѷ¨`«ÎǨϛ~°∂ XHõ "Õà◊ g∞~°∞ JѨiâ◊√^ŒúOQÍ LO>Ë ™êfl#O KÕã≤ Ѩiâ◊√^Œ∞úÅ∞HõO_ç. (JÖò =∂~Ú^ŒÇπÏ – 6) ™êfl#O J~Ú^Œ∞ q+¨Ü«∂Å=Å¡ `«Ñ¨Êx ã¨i J=Ù`«∞Ok :– 1. x„^ŒÖ’ ÖË^• "Õ∞ÖÁ¯x L#flѨÙÊ_»∞ Öˇ·OyHõ PHÍOHõ∆`À g~°ºO "≥Å∞=_»∞@ =Å¡ „ã‘ΠѨÙ~°∞+¨µe^ŒÌiH© Wk =iÎã¨∞ÎOk „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) P^Õâ◊O:– g~°º=Ú "≥Å∞=_ç`Õ ™êfl#O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i (=Úã≤¡"£∞) 2. „ã‘Î =∞~å‡OQÆOÖ’ ѨÙ~°∞+¨ =∞~å‡OQÆO „Ѩ"ÕtOz,g~°ºO "≥Å∞=_ç<å "≥Å∞=_»HõáÈ~Ú<å. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) P^Õâ◊O:– =∞~å‡OQÆO =∞~å‡OQÆOÖ’ „Ѩ"Õt¿ãÎ ™êfl#O `«Ñ¨Êx ã¨i (JÇπÏ=∞^£). 3. „ã‘ÎÅ |Ç≤Ï+¨µì ^Œâ◊, „Ѩã¨= ^Œâ◊ =Úyã≤# Ñ≤^ŒÑ¨ 4. =∞~°}O â◊"åxfl ™êfl#O KÕ~ÚOK«_»O =ÚYºqkè 5. Jqâßfiã≤ W™ê¡"£∞ ã‘fiHõiOz#ѨÙ_»∞ JaèÅ+¨hÜ«∞ ™êfl#O :– 1. â◊√„Hõ"å~°O <å_»∞ ™êfl#O KÕÜ«Ú@ (|∞MÏs =Úã≤¡"£∞) 2. ѨO_»∞QÆÅ ™êfl#O (Wɡfl=∂[) 3. WÇπÏ ~å"£∞ H˘~°‰õΩ ™êfl#O (=Úã≤¡"£∞, u~üq∞l) Ѩiâ◊√^Œú`« á⁄O^Õ ™êfl#O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Ѩ^Œúu :– 1. =ÚO^Œ∞ Ô~O_»∞ KÕ`«∞Å∞ =¸_»∞ ™ê~°∞¡ Hõ_»QÍe 2. P `«~åfi`« =∞~å‡OQÍxfl Hõ_»∞HÀ¯"åe. 3. P `«~åfi`« #=∂A H˘~°‰õΩ KÕã≤#@∞¡ =Ù*Ï KÕÜ«∂e. 4. P `«~°∞"å`« `«ÅÃÑ· =¸_»∞™ê~°∞¡ hà◊√§ áÈã¨∞HÀ"åe. 5. P `«~°∞"å`« â◊s~°=∞O`«˜ÃÑ· hà◊√§ áÈã¨∞HÀ"åe. (ã≤Ǩ ã≤`«Î) 33 34
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) LѨ^Õâ◊O :– =ÙE KÕÜ«∞#O`« =~°‰õΩ g∞Ö’ Z=i #=∂A#∂ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ (`«) ã‘fiHõiOK«_»∞. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) =ÙAÖ’x ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∞ q+¨Ü«∂Å∞:– 1. =ÙA‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨OHõeÊOK«∞HÀ"åe. 2. q∞âßfiH± KÕÜ«∂e. 3. QÆ_®¤xfl h˜`À `«_»áêe. 4. „"Õà◊¡ =∞^茺 h˜`À `«_»áêe. 5. =ÙA Ö’x ÉèÏQÍÅ#∞ =¸_»∞ ™ê~°∞¡ Hõ_»QÍe. 6. ‰õΩ_ç"≥·Ñ¨Ù #∞O_ç „áê~°OaèOKåe. 7. „Hõ=∞O `«Ñ¨Ê‰õΩO_® =ÙE KÕÜ«∂e. 8. J=ã¨~åxH˜ q∞Oz h˜x qxÜ≥∂yOK«~å^Œ∞. 9. =ÙA `«~åfi`« ^Œ∂ ѨiîOKåe. 10. =ÙA `«~åfi`« Ô~O_»∞ ~°HÍ`«∞Å∞ #Ѷ≤Öò K«^Œ"åe (|∞MÏs, J|∂ ^•=Ó^£, Wɡfl =∂[,u~üq∞l,#™ê~Ú) =ÙAÖ’x q^èŒ∞Å∞ :– 1. ã¨OHõÅÊO KÕÜ«Ú@ 2. =ÚYO Hõ_»QÍe 3. ѨÙHõ¯eOKåe, h˜`À =Ú‰õΩ¯ â◊√„ÉèíO KÕÜ«∂e. 4. KÕ`«∞Å#∞ "≥ÚKÕ`«∞Å =~°‰õΩ â◊√„ÉèíѨ~°K«∞HÀ"åe. 5. `«Å, K≥=ÙÅ =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∂e. 6. HÍà◊§#∞ „Hõ=∞OQÍ (‰õΩ_çHÍÅ∞, Z_»=∞ HÍÅ∞) pÅ =∞O_»Å =~°‰õΩ Hõ_»QÍe. (L|MÏs, J|∂^•=Ó^£, ^•~°∞Y`«∞x) =ÙE#∞ ÉèíOQÆ Ñ¨iKÕ q+¨Ü«∂Å∞ :– <åÅ∞QÆ∞ q+¨Ü«∂Å =Å¡ =ÙE ÉèíOQÆ=Ú=Ù `«∞Ok. 1. =∞Å =¸„`« ^•fi~åÅ ^•fi~å U^≥·# "≥Å∞=_»@O =Å¡. 2. =∞u ã≤÷q∞`«O ÖˉõΩO_»∞@, x„^Œ^•fi~å ÖËHõ =¸~°Ûù=Å¡ =∞ˆ~ HÍ~°}O =Å¡ #~Ú<å. 3. =∞~å‡OQÍxfl |@ì Kå@∞ÖˉõΩO_® =Ú@∞ì H˘#∞@. 4. W™ê¡"£∞#∞ `«ºlOK«∞@. =∞ã¨ÇπÏ ™ê‰õΩûÅÃÑ· =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∞_»O W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O.nxH˜ „áêp# Ѩ~°OѨ~° LOk. ™ê‰õΩûÅ∞ JO>Ë HÍà◊§#∞ HõÑ≤Ê LOKÕq. =Úw~° a<£ ëÈ| (~°) ǨÏnã¨∞ :– „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =ÙE KÕ™ê~°∞. ™ê‰õΩûÅÃÑ·, |∂@¡ÃÑ· =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕ™ê~°∞. (ui‡l ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 99) W"Õ H͉õΩO_® K«e #∞O_ç HÍáê_»∞‰õΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ L#fl ™ê‰õΩûÅ∞ ^èŒiOz<å "å˜ÃÑ· ‰õÄ_® =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∂e. ™ê‰õΩûÅÃÑ· =∞ã¨ÇπωõΩ x|O^èŒ#:– 1 ™ê‰õΩûÅ∞ Ѩiâ◊√„ÉèíOQÍ LO_ç =ÙE ã≤÷uÖ’ ^èŒiOz LO_®e. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) =Úw~°ÇπÏ#∞ WÖÏ LѨ^ÕtOKå~°∞ :– <å ™ê‰õΩûÅ#∞ `˘ÅyOK«HõO_ç, <Õ#∞ "å˜x =ÙE ã≤÷uÖ’ ^èŒiOKå#∞ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) "å˜ÃÑ· =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕâß~°∞. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨)#∞ WÖÏ „ѨtflOK«_»O [iyOk. "Õ∞=Ú ™ê‰õΩûÅÃÑ· =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∞=KåÛ? ^•xH˜ „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) J=Ù#∞, J~Ú`Õ Jq =ÙE ã≤÷uÖ’ ^èŒiOz LO>Ë Jq ã¨=∂^è•#O WKåÛ~°∞. (=Úã¨fl^Œ∞Öò Ǩï"≥∞ÿn) 2. ™ê‰õΩûÅÃÑ· ÉèÏQÆO g∞^Œ =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∂e „H˜Ok ÉèÏQÍ# HÍ^Œ∞ Jb (~°) WÖÏ J<åfl~°∞ :– „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ™ê‰õΩûÃÑ· ÉèÏQÆO g∞^Œ =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∞@O <Õ#∞ K«∂âß#∞. (J|∂^•=Ó^£ ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 162) =∞ã¨ÇπÏ QÆ_»∞=Ù :– ™ê÷x‰õΩʼnõΩ XHõ k#O XHõ ~å„u „Ѩܫ∂}©‰õΩʼnõΩ =¸_»∞ k<åÅ∞, =¸_»∞ ~å„`«∞Å∞, „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) P^Õâ◊O:– „Ѩܫ∂}©‰õΩʼnõΩ =¸_»∞ k<åÅ∞, =¸_»∞ ~å„`«∞Å∞ ™ê÷x‰õΩʼnõΩ XHõ k#O XHõ ~å„u. (=Úã≤¡"£∞, u~üq∞l, J|∂^•=Ó^£ ã¨Ç≤Ï 157) ã≤^•úO`«O :– ™ê÷x‰õΩ_»∞ XHõ "Õà◊ L^ŒÜ«∞O LE KÕã≤ ™ê‰õΩûÅ∞ ^èŒi¿ãÎ ~å„u =~°‰õΩ "å˜ÃÑ· =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û ™ê‰õΩûÅ∞ fã≤ HÍà◊√§ Hõ_çˆQ J=ã¨~°O ÖË^Œ∞. ~ÀA WÖψQ KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û#∞ ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë QÆ_»∞=Ù XHõ¯ ~ÀA =∂„`«"Õ∞ JO`«HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= QÆ_»∞=ÙÖË^Œ∞. „H˜O^Œ ¿Ñ~˘¯#fl q+¨Ü«∂Å =Å¡ =∞ã¨ÇπÏ ÉèíOQÆ=∞ø`«∞Ok :– 1. QÆ_»∞=Ù =Úyã≤# "≥O@<Õ 2. [<å|`ü =Å¡ 3. ™ê‰õΩûÅ∞ `˘ÅyOK«_»O =Å¡ ™ê‰õΩûÅ`À áê@∞ Ѩiâ◊√„Éèí"≥∞ÿ# |∂@¡ÃÑ· ‰õÄ_® =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û#∞. „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ™ê‰õΩûÅ`À áê@∞ |∂@¡ÃÑ· ‰õÄ_® =∞ã¨ÇπÏ KÕâß~°∞. (u~üq∞l ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 99) 37 38
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W™ê¡"£∞ r=# q^è•#O J*Ï<£ J*Ï<£ – JO>Ë „Ѩ`ÕºHõ =K«<åÅ ^•fi~å „Ñ¨[Å#∞ #=∂A H˘~°‰õΩ aQÆæ~°QÍ Ñ≤Å∞K«∞@. Hõhã¨O =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ #=∂*ò K«k"Õ "å~°∞ XHõ KÀ@ KÕi`Õ J*Ï<£ W=fi@O `«Ñ¨Êxã¨i nx „Ѩ`ÕºHõ`« Uq∞@O>Ë =ÚPqÜ«∞ÇπÏ (~°) LÖË¡Y# :– „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) ''f~°∞Ê k#O <å_»∞ J*Ï<£ WKÕÛ"åi "≥∞_»Å∞ JO^ŒiHõO>Ë á⁄_»=ÙQÍ LOÏ~Ú Jx ÃãÅqKåÛ~°∞. (=Úã¨fl^£ JǨχ^£) J*Ï<£ q^èŒ∞Å∞ :– 1. J*Ï<£Ö’ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ Q˘Ñ¨Ê `«#O „ѨHõ˜OK«|_»∞`«∞Ok. D „â◊=∞‰õΩ „ѨuѶ¨ÅO fã¨∞HÀ=@O =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ∞. (J|∂^•=Ó^£ ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 531, ui‡l 209 ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ) 2. J*Ï<£ JÖÏ¡ÇπÏ „áê~°÷# =O˜k nxfl =ÙE KÕã≤ W"åfie. (ui‡l [~¸Ñ¶π 200) 3. dÉÏ¡"≥·Ñ¨Ù Jaè=ÚYOQÍ xÅ|_ç J*Ï<£ W"åfie. 4. ''ǨÏÜ«∞ºÅã¨ûÖÏÇπÏ——, ''ǨÏÜ«∞ºÅÖòѶ¨ÖÏÇπÏ—— Jx ѨeH˜#ѨÙÊ_»∞ `«Å#∞, "≥∞_»#∞, KèåfH˜ ‰õΩ_ç, Z_»=∞Å"≥·Ñ¨Ù „uáêÊe. (|∞MÏs, =Úã≤¡"£∞) 5. `«# Ô~O_»∞ KÕ`«∞Å K«∂ѨÙ_»∞ "Õà◊¡#∞ K≥=ÙÖ’¡ LOz J*Ï<£ W"åfie.(WÉËfl =∂[) 6. J*Ï<£ aQÆæ~°QÍ W"åfie. (J|∂^•=Ó^£ ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 515) 7. J*Ï<£ =K«<åÅ#∞ Py Py q_çq_çQÍ Ñ¨ÅHÍe. (u~üq∞l [~¸Ñ¶π 195) 8. J*Ï<£ WzÛ# =ºH˜Î WMÏ=∞`ü ‰õÄ_® W"åfie. (u~üq∞l 199 [~¸Ñ¶π, J|∂^•=Ó^£ 512 [~¸Ñ¶π) 9. `«y# HÍ~°}O ÖˉõΩO_® J*Ï<£ `«~°∞"å`« =∞ã≤˚^£ #∞O_ç #=∂A K«^Œ=‰õΩO_® |Ü«∞˜H˜ "≥à◊¡_»O =∞Ozk HÍ^Œ∞. J*Ï<£ =K«<åÅ∞ :– J*Ï<£Ö’ 19 =K«<åÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. J|∂ =∞ÇπÏE~°ÇπÏ (~°) LÖË¡Y# :– „Ѩ=HõÎ (ã¨) J#∞K«~°∞Å∞ J|∂=∞ÇπÏ E~°ÇπωõΩ 19 J*Ï<£ =K«<åÅ∞ <Õ~åÊ~°∞ . (~°"åǨïÖò Y=∞û ui‡l ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ 192, J|∂^•=Ó^£ 502) `«ãπgÉò :– Ѷ¨„*ò J*Ï<£Ö’ `«ãπgÉò W™ê¡g∞Ü«∞ ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∞O. (u~üq∞l, WÉËfl=∂[ J|∂^•=Ù^£ ǨÏã¨<£ 500) `«ãπ gÉò JO>Ë ˆH=ÅO Ѷ¨„*ò J*Ï<£Ö’ ǨÏÜ«∞º JÅã¨ûÖÏÇπÏ Ç¨ÏÜ«∞º JÅÖò Ѷ¨ÖÏÇπÏÅ `«~°∞"å`« ''Jã¨ûÖÏ`«∞ Mˇ·~°∞"£∞ q∞# <Òfl"£∞—— Jx Ô~O_»∞ ™ê~°∞¡ ѨÅHõ@O. WMÏ=∞`ü :– =∞ÇπÏE~°ÇπÏ (~°) ǨÏnã¨∞Ö’ WMÏ=∞`ü =K«<åÅ∞ 11 L<åfl~Ú. (J|∂^•=Ó^£ 502 ã¨Ç≤ÏÇπÏ, ui‡l 193) J*Ï<£ `«~°∞"åu ^Œ∞P:– F D ѨiѨÓ~°‚ PǨ fi<åxH˜ ã≤÷~°=∞~Ú# #=∂A‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞=Ù "≥·# F ^Õ"å ! =ÚǨÏ=∞‡^£ (ã¨) ™êxflÇ≤Ï`åºxfl, qt+¨ì`«#∞ „Ѩ™êkOK«∞ WOHÍ h=Ù "åQÍÌ#O KÕã≤##fl`« ™ê÷<åxH˜ PÜ«∞#∞fl KÕ~°∞Û. (|∞MÏi) 39 40
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