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The Layers of the
Earth!
Earth Layers
• The Earth is divided into four main
layers.
*Crust
*Mantle
*Outer core
*Inner core
http://www.glossary.oilfield.slb.com/DisplayImage.cfm?ID=124
The Crust
* The Earth’s crust is the
outermost surface.
*It is a very thin layer of solid
rock. It is the thinnest layer
of the Earth.
*The crust is 5-35km thick
beneath the land and 1-8km
thick beneath the oceans.
* The crust of the Earth is
broken into many pieces
called plates. The movement
of these plates causes
earthquakes.
The Lithosphere
• On your mantle layer, draw a
dotted line around the very
edge of the circle. This is
the lithosphere.
• The lithosphere is composed
of part of the crust and the
upper part of the mantle (the
top 100 km).
• It is composed of hard,
brittle rock
The Athenosphere
* The athenosphere is the
part of the mantle
underneath the
lithosphere. Draw a
dashed line about an inch
under your dotted line.
* It is made of molten rock
and metal so that it
“flows” like hot asphalt.
* The athenosphere is the
part of the mantle that
moves and causes the
tectonic plates of the
crust to move as well.
The Mantle
* The mantle is the largest
layer of the Earth. It is
2900km thick.
*It includes the lithosphere and
athenosphere.
*It is relatively flexible—it
flows like very viscous liquid.
*It is very hot—1600°F at the
top and 4000°F towards the
center of the Earth.
The Core
* The core of the Earth is
like a ball of very hot
metals. The core is divided
into 2 layers—Outer and
Inner.
* The core is SO hot and has
SO much pressure that if
you were to go there—you
would be squished into
something even smaller than
a marble.
The Outer Core
* The outer core is liquid
metal iron and nickel
with 10% sulfur and/or
oxygen.
* It is very hot—
4000-9000°F.
* The outer core is
2,250km thick.
The Inner Core
* The inner core is solid
metal due to the
extreme heat and
pressure.
* It is composed of iron
and nickel. It is
responsible for the
magnetic field the Earth
generates.
* The inner core is 800km
thick and is 9000°F.
Review
1) What are the four layers of the Earth?
2) The Earth’s crust is very ______?
3) The mantle is the largest layer of the
Earth? True or False
4) Is the Outer Core a liquid or a solid?
Answers!
1) Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
2) Thin
3) True
4) Liquid

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Layers-of-the-Earth-notes.ppt

  • 1. The Layers of the Earth!
  • 2. Earth Layers • The Earth is divided into four main layers. *Crust *Mantle *Outer core *Inner core
  • 4. The Crust * The Earth’s crust is the outermost surface. *It is a very thin layer of solid rock. It is the thinnest layer of the Earth. *The crust is 5-35km thick beneath the land and 1-8km thick beneath the oceans. * The crust of the Earth is broken into many pieces called plates. The movement of these plates causes earthquakes.
  • 5. The Lithosphere • On your mantle layer, draw a dotted line around the very edge of the circle. This is the lithosphere. • The lithosphere is composed of part of the crust and the upper part of the mantle (the top 100 km). • It is composed of hard, brittle rock
  • 6. The Athenosphere * The athenosphere is the part of the mantle underneath the lithosphere. Draw a dashed line about an inch under your dotted line. * It is made of molten rock and metal so that it “flows” like hot asphalt. * The athenosphere is the part of the mantle that moves and causes the tectonic plates of the crust to move as well.
  • 7. The Mantle * The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth. It is 2900km thick. *It includes the lithosphere and athenosphere. *It is relatively flexible—it flows like very viscous liquid. *It is very hot—1600°F at the top and 4000°F towards the center of the Earth.
  • 8. The Core * The core of the Earth is like a ball of very hot metals. The core is divided into 2 layers—Outer and Inner. * The core is SO hot and has SO much pressure that if you were to go there—you would be squished into something even smaller than a marble.
  • 9. The Outer Core * The outer core is liquid metal iron and nickel with 10% sulfur and/or oxygen. * It is very hot— 4000-9000°F. * The outer core is 2,250km thick.
  • 10. The Inner Core * The inner core is solid metal due to the extreme heat and pressure. * It is composed of iron and nickel. It is responsible for the magnetic field the Earth generates. * The inner core is 800km thick and is 9000°F.
  • 11. Review 1) What are the four layers of the Earth? 2) The Earth’s crust is very ______? 3) The mantle is the largest layer of the Earth? True or False 4) Is the Outer Core a liquid or a solid?
  • 12. Answers! 1) Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core 2) Thin 3) True 4) Liquid