1. Language choice in
multilingual
communities

2. Variety code
• Linguistic Repertoire
It is the variety of linguistic codes that a person
has stored and uses them depending on the
different environments

3. Variety Code
• Domains
It is where the interaction takes place (Social
context)
Domain Addressee Setting Topic Code
Family
Friendship
Religion
Education
Employment
Parent
Friend
Priest
Teacher
Employer
Home
Beach
Church
School
Workplace
Planning a party Family
How to play beach tennis
Sunday liturgy
Solving math problems
Applying for promotions
__________
__________
__________
__________
__________

4. Variety Code
• Modeling Code Choice?
Speakers model their code choice depending of
the different factors (Domain, Addressee or
Setting)

5. Variety Code
• Other Factors that modify code choice
Social Distance
Status Relationship
Formality
Function

6. Diglossia
“Classic Diglossia”
• Same language, two varieties
• Two varieties complement each other
• H variety is not used in a daily basis

7. Diglossia
• Attitudes towards different level varieties
– H inspires respect
– L is more relaxed and inspires comfort

8. Diglossia
• Disglossia with/without Bilingualism
DIGLOSSIA
+ -
BILINGUALISM
+
-
1. Both diglossia and
bilingualism
2. Bilingualism without
diglossia
3. Diglossia without
bilingualism
4. Neither diglossia nor
bilingualism

9. Polyglossia
Best described as the situation in which three or
more varieties of the same language feature
on a speech community

10. Diglossia…stability?
• H varieties are displaced by L varieties
– L varieties, converted in H, develop their L variety

11. Switching / Mixing
• Participants, solidarity and status
- Why switching from code to code?
- Why mixing different codes?

12. Switching / Mixing
• Topic
- Topic = switching
• Affective Functions
- Affection/ rhetoric = switching

13. Switching / Mixing
• Metaphorical switching
- The way the author describes the code-mixing

14. Switching / Mixing
• Lexical borrowing
– This switching is used due the lack of vocabulary
of the primary language used to describe
something

15. Switching / Mixing
• Linguistic constrains
• Where?
• When?
• What for?

16. Switching / Mixing
• Linguistic constrains
– Equivalence Constrain
– MLF (Matrix Language Frame)