Health Promotion

1. Evolution of
Health Promotion
Nabin Lamichhane
Assistant Professor
Purbanchal University
Gothgaun

2. Historical Development of HP
 ‘Health promotion’ is a relatively new term, but it is an
old concept.
 ‘Health promotion’ was used at national and
international policy levels during the 1980s (Berridge
2010), but promoting good health as an idea has been
around for as long as there have been attempts to
improve the public’s health.
 To understand health promotion, and its place within
contemporary public health, you need to know where it
came from and how it developed.

3. Historical Development of HP
 Indian system Traced back to 5000 BC
 Ayurvedic Practices: Personal Hygiene, sanitation water supply,
Nityakarma
 Chinese Medicine Dated back to 2700 BC
 Hygiene, diet, hydrotherapy, message, Immunization
 Egyptian: (From 200BC)
 Collection of rainwater
 Disposing waste
 Small pox
 Rap trapping for control of plaque
 Using mosquito nets, encourage frequent bathing, controlling
excess use of alcohol

4. Historical Development of HP
 Hebrew: The Judaic Hygiene Code or Hebrew Code 2000
BC
 Health, Sanitation
 Segregation of infected persons
 Roman Empire
 Safe drinking Water
 Drainage construction
 Waste Disposal

5. Historical Development of HP
 2000 BC: Indus Valley
 Sanitation
 Drainage management
 600-500 BC: Greece
 Golden era
 Sound body and sound mind
 Hygine: Hygia: Goddes of Health
 1200 BC: God of Medicine
 Aesculapius: Hygia and Panacea

6. History of HP
 Roman Empire:
 State has role of people’s health
 Transportation of clean water, paved street, sanitary
disposal, public bath
 Census: for planning health infrastructures
 Galen: Suggesting different factors such as predisposing,
exciting and environmental factors.
 Medieval Pandemic (1000 to 1415 AD)
 Babunic plague and pulmonary anthrax
 Quarentine

7. Historical Development of HP
 Hippocrates (460-377 BC)
 An Airs, water and Places
 Father of Medicine
 TH MacDonald (1998)
 Ancient Health Promotion

8. Historical Development of HP
Fertman et al, 2010
 Radical Steps in Health Promotion:
 First Radical Steps : 19th Century and beyond
 Second Radical step: Lalonde report on A New Perspective on the Health of
Canadians
 Third Radical Steps: Ottawa Charter of Health promotion to till the date.

9. Historical Development of HP
 First Radical Steps:
 Chadwick (1942)
 Rudolf Virchow (1848)
 Lamuel Shattuck (1850)
 Public Health Act 1948
 John snow work on cholera epidemic : 1948-1954 in
London.
 CEW Wilsow: Define Public health in 1920 .

10. History of HP
 1920 and 1930s: Antibiotic discovery
 K. Park Mention 1920-1960 as a Health promotion stage.

11. Historical Development of HP
 ‘Health Promotion’: Coined by Henry E. Sigerist (1945)
 A/C to him health was promoted by providing a decent
standard of living, good labor conditions, education,
physical culture, means of rest and recreation and
required the co -ordinated efforts of statesmen, labor,
industry, educators and physicians.
 Concept of cost containment

12. History of HP
 WHO 1948
 Focused on Global Health Promotion
 Defined HP in 1984
 2001: International Classification of functioning , Disability
and Health
 Focused on factors responsible for health promotion
 IUHPE: 1951
 SOPHE

13. Lalonde Report
 Lalonde report on A New Perspective on the Health
of Canadians (1974): Health Field Model
 Human Biology
 Environment
 Lifestyles
 Health Care Organizations
 Lalonde Report: A turning Point on Health Promotion.

14. US Surgeon General's Report on
HP and Disease Prevention (1979)
 Health-related behaviors accounting for over 50% of the leading causes of
death, and the policies supporting such behavior.
 Substance misuse and addiction (including tobacco and alcohol), poor
diet, sedentary behavior, and stress-related behaviors (including suicide,
violence, and reckless behavior).
 Healthy people (1979-2020)

15. History of HP
 1977: Health For All by the year 2000: 30th WHA
 1978: Alma-Ata
 Need of health promotion as well as curative and
rehabilitative services

16. Ottawa Charter for Health
promotion
 1986
 Third Radical step
 First Int. Conference on HP
 Ground Work for HP
 Pre-requisites of Health
 Basic Strategies
 Actions areas

17. Second HP Conference
 1988, April 5-9, Adelaide , Australia
 Attention on “Healthy public policy”

18. Third HP Conference
 1991 : Sweden: Sundsvall
 Focused on creating Supportive environment
 Four dimensions

19. Fourth HP Conference
 1997, July 21-25, Jakarta
 New Players for a new era leading HP into 21st Centuty

20. Fifth HP Conference
 Mexico (2000, june 5-9)
 Health Promotion Bridging the equity Gap

21. Sixth HP Conference
 2005
 The Bankok charter for Health Promotion in
globalization world

22. Seventh HP Conference
 2009
 Kenya
 Five Thematic tracks such as Community empowerment,
Health Literacy, Healthy behavior, Health Service
management etc.

23. Eighth HP Conference
 Helsinki 2013
 Health in All Policies” (HiAP)

24. Ninth HP Conference
 Shanghai on 21-24 November 2016.
 Health promotion in the SDGs, Health for all and all for
health
 Critical links between promoting health and the 2030
Agenda for Sustainable Development.

25. References
 WHO websites
 Theoretical Foundations of Health Education and
Health Promotion 3rd Edition, Manoj Sharma
 A text Book of Preventive and Social Medicine
 Search engines: google, google scholar and
PUBMED

26. THANK YOU!