The presentation is about greenhouse effect.

1. Mabuza Nolwazi

2. • Greenhouse effect
• Greenhouse gases
• Causes of greenhouse effect
• Consequences of greenhouse effect
• Importance
• Measures to reduce greenhouse effect
• Summary
• Reference list

4. • Greenhouses are buildings with glass
walls and roofs.
• Several types of plants are grown in
greenhouses, including tropical
flowers and tomatoes.
• Greenhouses stay warm during the
winter, even in extremely cold
temperatures. The greenhouse's plants
and air are warmed by the sunshine
during the day.
• The greenhouse remains warm during
the night, even when the temperatures
outside are much cooler. This results
from the greenhouse's glass walls
trapping the solar heat.

5. • The greenhouse effect functions in the same manner
as a greenhouse on the earth.
• A mild greenhouse effect causes the earth's
atmosphere to be slightly warmer than it would be
from direct solar heating, leading to a mild increase in
temperature.
• Climate change is caused by the greenhouse effect, in
which the atmosphere traps heat from the sun, raising
the temperature on the planet.
• As the sun cannot heat up the night side of the planet,
the trapped energy raises the surface temperature of
the atmosphere, increasing the planet's temperature.

6. • Most of Earth's visible light is directed
through the atmosphere and reaches its
surface.
• When heat is absorbed by the Earth's surface,
a portion of that energy is radiated as infrared
radiation back into space.
• The greenhouse gases in the atmosphere tend
to absorb this radiation, which raises the
temperature of the atmosphere.
• As a result, the heated atmosphere emits
infrared radiation back towards Earth's
surface.

7. The world's atmosphere is composed of gases called greenhouse gases that trap heat. However, they
prevent the heat from leaving the atmosphere that the sunlight brings.
• Greenhouse gases include;
 Carbon Dioxide
 Methane
Chlorofluorocarbons
Nitrous Oxide
Water vapor

8. • If we look at the pie chart, we can see that
water vapor is the most abundant
greenhouse gas in the Earth’s atmosphere.
• Most of the greenhouse heating of the
Earths atmosphere is due to water vapor
absorption of IR radiation emitted by
Earth.
• Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse
gas in the atmosphere, both by weight and by
volume.
• Water vapor is also an effective greenhouse
gas, as it does absorb longwave radiation and
radiates it back to the surface, thus
contributing to warming.
• If we look at the pie chart, we can see that
water contribute the most to Earth’s
greenhouse effect.

9. • Greenhouse gases are naturally produced by
some components of the Earth. The oceans
contain carbon dioxide, forest fires produce
methane, and certain animals' manure releases
nitrogen oxide.
Forest fires
• Forest fires release carbon dioxide into the
atmosphere. It takes new forests a long time to
grow, and their growth isn't stable enough to
allow enough oxygen into newly formed,
suffocating carbon air. As a result of forest
fires, polluting gases are trapped in the
atmosphere after the fire has burned out.

10. • When the humidity rises, water vapor
absorbs energy and thus raises the
temperature.
• Humans and animals breathe oxygen and
release carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

11. Fossil fuels
• Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are released
during the burning of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and
petroleum for energy). These gases trap heat in the
atmosphere, which is a major contributor to global warming
and climate change.
• In South Africa, coal remains a valuable fuel source that
drives the nation's economy through electricity production.
The country continues to emit greenhouse gases at a high
rate.
• When coal is burned, it reacts with oxygen in the air to
produce carbon dioxide, a heat-trapping gas. As soon as
carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere, it acts as a
blanket, warming the earth above its normal level.

12. Deforestation
• Plants and trees absorb carbon dioxide and release
oxygen. In the process of cutting down trees,
greenhouse gases are emitted that increase the
Earth's temperature.
• The release of carbon dioxide occurs when forests
are burned or rotted when forests are cleared. As a
result, this increases the concentration of carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere. The greenhouse effect is
primarily caused by carbon dioxide. Humans are
responsible for one third of the carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere.

13. • Several harmful gases are released into the atmosphere by industries,
including methane, carbon dioxide, and fluorine gas. The effects of
these also contribute to global warming.
Farming
• Nitrous oxide used in fertilizers is one of the contributors to the
greenhouse effect in the atmosphere.

15. Global Warming
• Molecular processes that cause the Earth's atmosphere to gradually
warm. An increasing volume of greenhouse gases such as carbon
dioxide and methane are principal causes of this natural disaster, as
these gases are released by vehicles, industries, and other human
activities.
• Agricultural producers and communities are at risk as a result of climate
extremes, such as droughts, floods, and extreme temperatures that can
cause crop losses and hamper their livelihoods. Climate change will
likely increase weeds, pests, and fungi, depending on the crop and
ecosystem, as well as temperatures and humidity rising.

16. • Earth is protected from harmful ultraviolet rays by the
Ozone Layer. It is in the upper stratosphere. In the
event of the ozone layer depletion, the earth's surface
would be exposed to harmful UV rays, which can
cause skin cancer and drastically change the climate.
• The image shows an ozone hole caused by human-
made activities.
• If greenhouse effects increase, the oceans will warm,
glaciers will partially melt, and sea levels will increase.
Ocean water also will expand if it warms, contributing
further to sea level rise.

17. • The greenhouse effect keeps the Earth's
surface at a certain temperature, making it
habitable for living beings.
• The atmosphere would be engulfed in red heat
without the greenhouse effect.
• As a result of the greenhouse effect, the
planet's water levels are maintained. Since the
planet is experiencing a relatively moderate
climate, its ice has not completely melted,
leaving only polar ice caps in the polar
regions.

18. Reduce, reuse, recycle
• To reduce the amount of carbon dioxide
released into the atmosphere, one can instead
buy products with minimal packaging, which
will generate less waste.
• By purchasing reusable products instead of
disposable ones, such as refillable water
bottles, you reduce waste.

19. • Planting trees
• Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the
atmosphere and, in turn, give off oxygen.
• One tree can absorb around one ton of
carbon dioxide in its lifetime. As a result,
if someone has the means to plant trees,
now would be a great time to get started.

20. • By driving less, people will save on gasoline,
reducing emissions.
• Also, if we bike or walk instead of driving, we
get more exercise.
• It is also important to make sure that your car
is running efficiently when driving.

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