2. CONTENTS
White Pelican, Little Grebe and Black Stork
• Classification
• Characteristics
• Feeding habit
• Habitat
• World-wide distribution
• Distribution In Pakistan
3. WHITE PELICAN
(Pelecanus onocrotalus)
Also known as the eastern white pelican, rosy
pelican or white pelican
Breeds from southeastern Europe through Asia
and Africa, in swamps and shallow lakes.
6. CHARACTERISTICS
White in colour with black and grey primary feathers.
Large bodies with long, broad wings attached.
Short tail, short, pinkish legs and webbed feet.
Bills are blue on the top and yellow underneath where there is
a large pouch.
The bill has a central red stripe, and ends in a small, red hook.
Male Great White Pelicans are slightly larger than females.
Males also have a slightly longer beak than female.
7. STATUS
The great white pelican has been rated as a species
of least concern on the IUCN Red List 2006, of
Endangered Species (IUCN).
Population of Great White Pelican is declining due to;
Human
disturbance
Loss of
foraging habitat
breeding sites
Pollution
10. WORLD-WIDE DISTRIBUTION
Most widely distributed species.
Europe holds an estimated 7,345–10,000 breeding pairs.
4,000 pairs are known to nest in Russia.
I75,000 pairs are estimated to nest in Africa.
11. DISTRIBUTION IN PAKISTAN
During migration, in winter, over 45,000 may stay in
Pakistan.
Staying sites in Pakistan are :
Chotyari
Wetlands
[Sanghar]
Keenjhar
Lake
Khipro
Wetlands
Deh Hakro
[Nawabshah]
Manchar
Lake
12. USEFULNESS
• Used to make tobacco bags
Pouch
• Turned into leather
Skin
• Used as fertilizer
Faeces
• Converted into oil (traditional medicine which offers relief from
body pain
Fat
13. LITTLE GREBE
(Tachybaptus ruficollis)
The little grebe is a small, dumpy grebe.
It readily dives when disturbed.
In summer it has a bright chestnut throat and cheeks
and a pale gape patch at the base of the bill.
It also known as dabchick.
Common diving bird of wetlands.
Often remains out of sight.
16. CHARACTERISTICS
Small, brown grebe, with a fluffy, round-looking
bottom.
Develops a bright chestnut throat and cheeks during the
breeding season.
Noisy bird, making a distinctive whinnying trill.
17. Feeding Habit
Grebes are noted for swallowing feathers.
Which form a plug in the pyloric pocket of the stomach.
Effectively filter material passing to the intestine.
Adults feed feathers to the young, establishing this plug
shortly after hatching.
Western Grebe
feeds on Fishes
Eared Grebe feeds
on small
invertebrates
Pied-billed Grebe
feed on heavy-
bodied crustaceans
18. HABITAT
The dabchicks and the pied-billed grebe are most
numerous on small waters with much emergent
vegetation
The western grebe on large bodies of open water.
Some species winter on sheltered coastal waters.
19. WORLD-WIDE DISTRIBUTION:
This bird breeds in small colonies in heavily
vegetated areas of freshwater lakes across
Europe
Asia
Africa
20. DISTRIBUTION IN PAKISTAN
In Pakistan, Little Grebe is widespread in distribution.
It is resident to large lakes .
Very rarely seen in the flowing rivers.
Occasionally visits the estuaries and salt water bodies
along the seacoast.
In Punjab province, the species occurs in Salt Range
lakes including Khabbaki, Ucchali and Kallar Kahar
Lake.
21. BLACK STORK
(Ciconia nigra)
The black stork (Ciconia nigra) is about 100 cm tall.
Black in colour with a white spot on the belly.
A red bill and red legs.
24. CHARACTERISTICS
Adult has;
Shiny black feathers, with white underparts.
Long red legs.
A long pointed red beak.
The immature bird is;
Blackish-brown
Not shiny
The legs are greenish-red.
26. HABITAT
Forest species in South Africa.
They forage in the shallow water of
Streams
Small rivers
Marshy ponds
Meadows with low vegetation.
Couples are always several kilometres apart
from one another.
27. WORLD-WIDE DISTRIBUTION
They can be seen in the southern parts of Africa and
parts of Europe.
Black storks are found throughout South Africa and are
best seen in mountainous regions.
28. IN PAKISTAN
In Pakistan they are found in Nara canal wetlands
including;
Soonhari
Sadhori
Sanghriaro lakes
Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary.