information system , program development life cycle ,system development cycle

1. Information System
Program Development
Life Cycle
System Development life
Cycle
3/9/2020
Prepare by: M.Robeel

2. INFORAMTION
SYSTEM
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3. information system (IS)
 An information system (IS) is a collection of
hardware, software, data, people, and procedures
that work together to produce quality information. An
information system supports daily, short-term, and
long-range activities of users.
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4. Information system
 After processing such as formatting and printing
output data can again be perceived as information.
 Information system:
 Set of coordinated network of components which
acts together towards producing, distributing and or
processing information.
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5. Information system
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6. Types of information system
 Transaction processing system:
A transaction processing system (TPS) is an
information processing system for business
transaction involving the collection, modification and
retrieval of all transaction data.
 Management information system:
Management information system broadly refers to a
computer based system that provides managers with
tools to organize, evaluate and efficiently manage
departments.
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7. Types of information system
 Decision support system:
A set of related computer programs and the data
required to assist with analysis and decision-making
within an organization.
 Expert system:
It is designed to analyze data and produce
recommendations, diagnosis and decisions.
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8. ROLE OF dbms in information
system
 A data base management system plays crucial
role in both the creation and management of
data.
 Without a database running and managing data
effectively is not possible.
 Serving as the intermediary between the user
and the database, a DBMS provides users
access to files stored in a database.
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9. ROLE OF dbms in information
system
 It provides the end user with a single, integrated view
of the data, and translates all applications it receives
into complex operations that fulfill those requests.
 However, much of the internal complexity of the
database is hidden from the users and application
programs.
 So, it is necessary for a company to have data base
to manage their data effectively.
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10. Benefits of dbms
 Better Data Access Within the Company:
With a DBMS, users within a company can
access, update data in a database. This
information is easily available to users when
the company’s information systems are
integrated with the relational DBMS.
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11. Benefits of DBMS
 Stronger Relationships Between Data:
A key function of database management systems is
allowing different data sets to relate to one another.
This makes a DBMS ideal for managing relationships
between data sets in a systematic and simple way.
This, in turn, allows managers to understand key
statistics related to business operations and sales.
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12. Benefits of DBMS
 Improved Data Security:
The more people access the data, the greater the risk of
data security breaches. Generally, companies invest
considerable time, effort and money to ensure proper
use of their data. But, this does not always produce
the desired outcomes. With a DBMS, organizations
can ensure better enforcement of data privacy and
security policies, which allows them to improve
overall data security.
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13. conclusion
 As seen above, DBMS play a critical role in
information systems. Without a data base
management system in an organization with a large
number of employees and branches cannot handle
their data effectively.
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14. SDLC
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15. system development life
cycle (SDLC)
 System development is a set of activities used to
build an information system. System development
activities often are grouped into larger categories
called phases. This collection of phases sometimes
is called the system development life cycle
(SDLC).
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16. SYSTEM DEVELPOMENT
LIFE CYCLE
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17. PLANNING
Purpose of this first phases is to find out the
scope of the problem and determine the solution
THINGS TO CONSIDER
• Resources
• Cost
• Time
• And other variable items
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18. SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND
REQUIREMENTS
 The second phase is there teams consider the
functional requirements of the project or
solution.
 It also where system analysis takes place or
analyzing the needs of the and users to ensure
the new system can meet their expectations
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19. SYSTEM DESIGN
 The third phase describes, in detail, the
necessary specifications, features and
operations that will satisfy the functional
requirements of the proposed system which
will be in place
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20. DEVELOPMENT
 Now the real work initiates!
 The development phase marks the end of the
starting section of the process
 Additionally, this phase signifies the start of
production.
 The development stage is also characterized
by instillation and change
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21. INTEGRATION AND TESTING
 This phase involves system integration and
system testing (of programs and procedures).
 Normally carried out by a quality assurance(QA)
professional to determine if the proposed
designs meets the initial sets of business goals
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22. IMPLEMENTATION
 The sixth phase is when the majority of the
code for the program is written, and when the
project is put into production by moving the
data and components from the old system and
placing them in the new system.
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23. OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
 The last phase is when end users can fine-
tune the system, if they wish, to boost
performance, add new capabilities or meet
additional user requirements.
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24. BENEFITS OF USING
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE
 The SDLC highlights different stages (phrases or
steps) of the development process. The life cycle
approach is used so users can see and
understand what activities are involved within a
given step.
 It is also used to let them know that at any time,
steps can be repeated or a previous step can be
reworked when needing to modify or improve the
system.
 the SDLC uses a systems approach to describe a
process. It is often used and followed when there
is an IT project under development.
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25. PDLC
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26. Program Development Life
Cycle
 Problem clarification
 Program design
 Program coding
 Program testing
 Program documentation and maintenance
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27. Step 1: Problem clarification
1. Clarify program objectives and program users
2. Clarify desired inputs.
3. Clarify desired outputs.
4. Clarify desired processing.
5. Double-check feasibility of implementing the
program.
6. Document the analysis
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28. Step 2 :Program design
1. Determine program logic through Top down
approach and modularization, using a
hierarchy chart.
2. Design details Using flowcharts, preferably
on the basis of control structures.
3. Test design with structured walkthrough.
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29. Step 3: Program coding
1. Select the appropriate high-level
programming language.
2. Code the program in that language, following
the syntax carefully
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30. Step 4:Program testing
 Desk-check the program to discover errors.
 Run the program and debug it (alpha testing).
 Run real-world data (beta testing).
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31. Step 5:Program
documentation and
maintenance
1. Write user documentation.
2. Write operator documentation.
3. Write programmer documentation.
4. Maintain the program.
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