transportation is the back bone of countries economical development. providing good and effective transportation facility will help in developing countries economy. transportation will save time, money, and work can be done easily. intelligent transportation system provides more benefits to the nation.
2. • Introduction
• Background Situation and Significance of
Promoting ITS
• Intelligent Transportation Technologies
• Intelligent Transportation Applications
• Benefits of Intelligent Transportation System
• References
Presentation Outline
3. Introduction
• ITS is an emerging transportation system which is
comprised of an advanced information and
telecommunication network for users, roads and
vehicles.
• ITS is the integrated application of advanced
Technologies using electronics, computers and
advanced sensors.
• These applications provide travellers with
important information while improving the safety
and efficiency of the transportation system.
4. Background Situation of Promoting ITS
To Solve Social Problems caused by Roads
To activate the Economy
To Co-ordinate different Transport Modes
To reduce Driver’s run
5. Significance of Promoting ITS
Breakthrough for Solving Road
Transport Problems
Creation of New Industries
Job opportunities
6. Intelligent Transportation Technologies
Wireless communications
Floating car data/Floating cellular data
Sensing technologies
Inductive loop detection
Video vehicle detection
7. (1)Wireless Communications :
Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) :
It offers communication between the vehicle
and the roadside in specific locations (for example
toll plazas).
It is a sub-set of the RFID technology (Radio-
frequency identification).
8. CALM provides continuous communications
between a vehicle and the roadside using a variety
of communication media, including cellular and
infra-red links.
Continuous Air interface Long and Medium range
(CALM) :
CALM will provide a range of applications,
including vehicle safety and information, as well as
entertainment for driver and passengers.
9. (2) Floating Car Data/Floating Cellular Data :
This method is a set of relatively low-cost method
for obtaining travel time and speed data for vehicles
traveling along streets, highways, freeways, and
other transportation routes.
There are three methods have been used to obtain
the raw data:
Triangulation Method
Vehicle Re-Identification
GPS Based Methods
10. • Triangulation method:
The phones periodically transmit their presence
information to the mobile phone network, even
when no voice connection is established.
As a car moves, so does the signal of any mobile
phones that are inside the vehicle
By measuring and analysing network data
matching or cell-sector statistics, the data was
converted into traffic flow information.
11. • Vehicle re-identification:
Vehicle re-identification methods require sets of
detectors mounted along the road.
In this technique, a unique serial number for a
device in the vehicle is detected at one location and
then detected again further down the road.
Travel times and speed are calculated by comparing
the time at which a specific device is detected by
pairs of sensors.
12. An increasing number of vehicles are equipped
with GPS systems that have two-way
communication with a traffic data provider.
Position readings from these vehicles are used to
compute vehicle speeds.
Modern methods may not use dedicated
hardware but instead Smartphone based
solutions are used.
• GPS based method
13. (3) Sensing Technologies :
Sensing systems for Intelligent Transportation
System are vehicle and infrastructure based
networked systems
Pavement loops are used to sense the presence of
vehicle demand at intersections and parking lot
entrances.
Pressure pads are used to sense the presence of
pedestrians waiting to cross a roadway.
14. (4) Inductive loop detection :
one or more loops of wire are embedded under
the road & connected to a control box.
When a vehicle passes over or rests on the loop,
inductance is reduced showing a vehicle is
present.
15. (5) Video Vehicle Detection :
Video vehicle detection (VVD) is the One of the
most widely used method. Video detection is an
image processor.
It consists of a microprocessor-base CPU and
software that analyzes video images.
16. Intelligent Transportation Applications
Electronic toll collection
Emergency vehicle notification systems
Cordon zones with congestion pricing
Automatic road enforcement
Collision avoidance systems
Traveller information service
Emergency management service
17. (1) Electronic Toll Collection :
Today, most toll roads are equipped with an
electronic toll-collection system, like E-Z Pass, that
detects and processes tolls electronically.
18. (2) Emergency vehicle notification systems :
Intelligent transportation systems model can
also be used to provide advance warning to
motorists of traffic jams, accidents and other
emergency situations.
This system can then provide alternative
routes or recommendations to motorists so
as to avoid congestion and travel delays.
19. (3) Cordon zones with congestion pricing :
With the intelligent transportation system,
cordon zones can also be enforced where mass
transportation systems are available and their
use is encouraged.
20. Congestion pricing gantry at
North Bridge Road, Singapore.
Sign indicate the boundary of
the congestion charge area
Cordon systems make it possible to collect taxes
from those entering city areas with high traffic
while encouraging the use of mass transit.
21. A traffic enforcement system, consisting of a
camera and a vehicle-monitoring device, is
used to detect and identify vehicles.
Disobeying a speed limit or some other road
legal requirement and automatically fines,
offenders based on the license plate number.
Traffic tickets are sent by mail.
(4) Automatic Road Enforcement :
22. (5) Collision Avoidance Systems :
Intersection Collision Warning Obstacle Detection
Lane Change assistance Lane Departure Warning
24. (6) Traveler Information Service :
Information is
Generated
Traffic Sensor
Aerial
surveillance
Weather
Monitoring
Incident
Detection
Transit Location
Sent to
Travelers
Travelers
Respond
Change Route
Change
Departure
Time
Change Mode
Change
Destination
Delay
Incident
Road Weather
Next Bus Times
Emergency
Alerts
Alternate
Routes
25. (7) Emergency Management Services :
Emergency Management Services are greatly
enhanced by traffic control centres that
continually monitor roadway conditions.
When an incident occurs, the nearest emergency
service vehicle is located electronically and
dispatched to the scene.
Highway managers then alert other drivers of the
incident through dynamic message signs.
26. Time Savings
Better emergency response times and services
Reduced Crashes and Fatalities
Cost Avoidance
Increased Customer Satisfaction
Energy and Environmental Benefits
Decreasing of probability of congestion occurrence
Benefits of ITS :
27. Accident Cost Savings (44%)
Time Savings (41%)
Emissions/Fuel (6%)
Operating Cost Savings (5%)
Agency Cost Savings (4%)
Other (< 1%)
Projected ITS Infrastructure Benefits
(1996-2016)
Source : Apogee Report on Global ITS Benefits
