Pstj 1342

Isopluvial Maps of Daily Maximum
Precipitation for Different Frequency for Upper
Cauvery Karnataka
Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez1
, Chalapathi k2
,Amritha Thankachan3
, M .Inayathulla4
1,2,3
Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka,
India.
4
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, UVCE, Bangalore University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Email: parvezuvce@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Probable maximum precipitation (PMP) is widely used by hydrologists for appraisal of probable maximum flood (PMF) used
for soil and water conservation structures, and design of dam spillways. The estimation of design storm for example depends
on availability of rainfall quantities and their durations. Daily maximum multiannual series are one of the main inputs for
design streamﬂow calculation. The study generated annual series of Daily maximum rainfall for fourty four stations by using
statical approach such as Normal distribution, Log-Normal Distribution, Pearson type III distribution and Gumbel’s
Distribution .Results reveals that among the different statical approaches Log-Normal distribution fits the best compared to
others. Isohyetal Maps of study area at different frequency are produced by using GIS tools, the maximum intensity varies
from 2.5 mm/hr to 628 mm/hr.
Key words: Climate change, Daily Maximum Rainfall, Gumbel’s distribution, Isopluvial Maps, Log-Normal Distribution,
Maximum intensity, PMP, Rainfall Duration.
1 INTRODUCTION
Water scarcity appears to be a future problem for Karnataka. This problem is an existential threat which can potentially hurt
economic growth as well as agricultural growth. Water is expensive and inexpensive depending on its availability according
to law of demand and supply. Rainfall as an environmental phenomenon is of immense importance to mankind. Hence
the significance of studies to understand the rainfall process cannot be overemphasized. Floods, droughts, rainstorms,
and high winds are extreme environmental events which have severe consequences on human society. Planning for these
weather-related emergencies, design of engineering structures, reservoir management, pollution control, and insurance
risk calculations, all rely on knowledge of the frequency of these extreme events The total rainfall and its intensity for a
certain period of time are variable from year to another. The variation for depth of rainfall and its intensity depend
on the climate type and the length of the studied period. It can be noted in arid and semi-arid areas, there is a significant
change in the value of rain from time to another. Due to the significant variation in rainfall and its intensity in a
consider time, the design and construction of storm water drainage systems and flood control systems are not depend
only on the average of long-term rainfall records but on particular depths of precipitation that can be predicted for a
certain probability or return period. These depths of rainfall can only be determined through a comprehensive analysis of
a long time series of historical rainfall data. The historical rainfall data series are distinguished by medium and standard
deviation, this information cannot be randomly used to predict the rainfall depths that can be estimated with a
specific probability or return period for design and management of storm water drainage. Application of this
technique to a data set can lead to misguiding results where the actual properties of the distribution are
neglected. To avoid mistake, it is necessary to verify the integrity of the assumed distribution before
estimating the design depths of the rainfall. There is a need for information of the extreme amounts of rainfall for
various durations in the design of hydraulic structures and control storm runoff, such as dams and barriers, and
conveyance structures etc.
PRAXIS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
Volume 8, Issue 10, 2019
ISSN NO: 0369-8394
http://praxisonline.org20

2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
A Study Area
The study area geographically lies between 750
29’ 19” E and 760
37’ 40” E longitude and 110
55’ 54” N and 130
23’
12.8” N latitude, as shown in Figure 1, the study area has an area of 10874.65 Sq km. The maximum length and width of the
study area is approximately equal to 143.73 km and 96.75 km respectively. The maximum and minimum elevation of the
basin is 1867 m and 714 m above MSL, respectively. Fourthy Four raingauge stations namely kushalnagar, malalur,
mallipatna, nuggehalli, periyapatna, ponnampet, sakaleshpur, salagame, shantigrama, arehalli, arkalgud, attigundi,
basavapatna, bettadapura, bilur, channenahally, chikkamagalur, doddabemmatti, galibidu, gonibeedu, gorur,
hagare,halllibailu, hallimysore, harangi, hassan, hosakere, hunsur, kechamanna hosakote, naladi, shantebachahalli, belur,
belagodu, javali, talakavery, shravanabelagola, siddapura, srimangala, sukravarsanthe, krishnarajpet, virajpet and yelawala
were considered as shown in Figure 2.
Figure 1 Location Map of Study Area Figure 2 Location of raingauge stations
B Methodology
Figure 3 Methodology for Isopluvial maps
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

2.B.1 Estimation of Short Duration Rainfall
Equation I was used for the estimation of various duration like 5minutes, 10minutes, 15minutes, 30minutes,1-hr, 2-hr, 6-hr,
12-hr rainfall values from annual maximum values.
Pt = P24 (
t
24
)
1
3
(Equation I)
where, Pt is the required rainfall depth in mm at t-hr duration,
P24 is the daily rainfall in mm and t is the duration of rainfall for which the rainfall depth is required in hr.
Twenty Two years (1995-2016) rainfall data was used for the estimation of Short duration rainfall by using above equation
for various stations as tabulated in Table 1 to Table 4. Table 1 shows the tabulation of short duration rainfall of station
Krishnarajpet. Table 2 shows the tabulation of short duration rainfall of station Melkote. Table 3 shows the tabulation of short
duration rainfall of station Hagare. Table 4 shows the tabulation of short duration rainfall of station Belagodu. Similarly the
short duration rainfall was tabulated for the remaining Fourty stations. Then statical approach was made with log normal,
Normal, Pearson Type III and Gumbel’s Distributions and they are checked for the best fit using Chi-square test for all the
stations.
C Probability distribution
In this study the maximum rainfall intensity for various return periods were estimated using different theoretical distribution
functions. Normal, Two-Parameter Lognormal, Pearson Type III, Extreme Value Type I (Gumbel) etc were used for
probability distribution of the daily rainfall data.
2.C.1 Normal distribution
Normal probability distribution, also called Gaussian distribution refers to a family of distributions that are bell shaped. The
PDF for a normal random variable x is
𝑓(𝑥) =
1
𝜎√2𝜋
exp [−
1
2
(
𝑥−µ
𝜎
)
2
](𝜎 > 0) (Equation II)
Where exp is the exponential function with base e = 2.718. µ is the mean and σ the standard deviation. 1/ (σ√ (2π)) is a
constant factor that makes the area under the curve of f(x) from -∞ to ∞ equal to 1.
2.C.2 Log-normal distribution
Variables in a system sometimes follow an exponential relationship as x = exp (w). If the exponent is a random variable, say
W, X = exp (W) is a random variable and the distribution of X is of interest. An important special case occurs when W has a
normal distribution. In that case, the distribution of X is called a lognormal distribution. The name follows transformation In
(X) = W. That is, the natural logarithm of X is normally distributed. (Kreyszig, 2006)
Probabilities for x are obtained from the transformation to W, but we need to recognize that the range of X is (0, ∞). Suppose
that W is normally distributed with mean θ and variance ω2
; then the cumulative distribution function for x is
𝐹(𝑥) = ∫
1
𝑥𝑏√2𝜋
exp {−
(ln 𝑥−𝑎)2
2𝑏2
} ⅆ𝑥;
𝑥
0
𝑂 < 𝑥 < ∞ (Equation III)
2.C.3 Gumbel distribution
Gumbel distribution is a statistical method often used for predicting extreme hydrological event such as floods. The equation
for fitting the Gumbel distribution to observed series of flood flow at different return periods T is
𝑥 𝑇 = 𝑥
−
+ 𝑘𝜎𝑥 (Equation IV)
Where xT denotes the magnitude of the T-year flood event, K is the frequency factor,𝑥
−
= mean and 𝜎𝑥= standard deviation of
the variate X.
The frequency factor K for Gumbel distribution is expressed as
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

𝐾 = − [
√6(0.5772+InI𝑛 (𝑇∕(𝑇−1))
𝜋
] (Equation V)
2.C.4 Pearson type III distribution
The Pearson type III distributions are commonly used to fit a sample of extreme hydrological data. A closed-form expression
for the CDF of the Pearson III distribution is not available. Tables or approximations must be used. Many tables provide
frequency factors Kp(γ) which are the pth
quantile of a standard Pearson III variate with skew γ, mean zero and variance 1. For
any mean and standard deviation, pth
Pearson III quantile can be written as
𝑥 𝑝 = 𝜇 + 𝜎𝑘 𝑝(𝛾) (Equation VI)
D Chi-Square Test
To identify a specific theoretical distribution for the available data it is important to do a test. The aim of the test is to find
how good a fit is between the observed and the predicted data. Chi-square is one of the most widely used tests to find the best
fit theoretical distribution of any specific dataset which is represented by Equation 2.17.
χ2 = ∑ (𝑂𝑖 − 𝐸𝑖)2𝑛
𝑖=1
∕ 𝐸𝑖 (Equation VII)
where, Oi and Ei represent the observed and expected frequencies respectively.
3 Results and Discussions
All the time series of the stations gives best fit using log normal distribution hence rainfall Intensities of all the station obtained
by log-normal distributions is considered. Considering lower return periods might not be appropriate considering the fact that,
generally the life of a structure is more than 25 years. The short durations of 5, 10, 15, 30, 60. 120, 720 and 1440 minutes
isopluvial maps were generated as the intensity decreases with the increase in duration for return period of 25years,
50years,75years and 100years as shown in Tables 5 to Table 8 and IDW analysis was done and the maps were obtained as
shown in figure 4 .
A Estimation of Short Duration Rainfall
Table 1 Short duration rainfall for Krishnarajpet
Year Rainfall
(mm) Pt = P24 (
t
24
)
1
3
in mm where, time t is in hours
Duration in minutes 5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440
1995 74.000 11.206 14.118 16.161 20.362 25.654 32.322 58.734 74.000
1996 105.000 15.900 20.033 22.931 28.892 36.401 45.863 83.339 105.000
1997 50.600 7.662 9.654 11.051 13.923 17.542 22.102 40.161 50.600
1998 70.800 10.721 13.508 15.462 19.481 24.545 30.925 56.194 70.800
1999 60.000 9.086 11.447 13.104 16.510 20.801 26.207 47.622 60.000
2000 76.800 11.630 14.652 16.773 21.132 26.625 33.545 60.956 76.800
2001 85.600 12.962 16.331 18.695 23.554 29.676 37.389 67.941 85.600
2002 55.400 8.389 10.570 12.099 15.244 19.206 24.198 43.971 55.400
2003 65.200 9.873 12.439 14.239 17.940 22.604 28.479 51.749 65.200
2004 85.600 12.962 16.331 18.695 23.554 29.676 37.389 67.941 85.600
2005 82.500 12.493 15.740 18.018 22.701 28.601 36.035 65.480 82.500
2006 64.500 9.767 12.306 14.086 17.748 22.361 28.173 51.194 64.500
2007 60.000 9.086 11.447 13.104 16.510 20.801 26.207 47.622 60.000
2008 62.000 9.388 11.829 13.540 17.060 21.494 27.081 49.209 62.000
2009 97.200 14.719 18.544 21.228 26.746 33.697 42.456 77.148 97.200
2010 58.600 8.874 11.180 12.798 16.124 20.315 25.596 46.511 58.600
2011 80.200 12.144 15.301 17.515 22.068 27.804 35.031 63.655 80.200
2012 66.000 9.994 12.592 14.414 18.161 22.881 28.828 52.384 66.000
2013 42.000 6.360 8.013 9.173 11.557 14.561 18.345 33.335 42.000
2014 93.400 14.143 17.819 20.398 25.700 32.380 40.796 74.132 93.400
2015 65.500 9.918 12.496 14.305 18.023 22.708 28.610 51.987 65.500
2016 45.000 6.814 8.585 9.828 12.382 15.601 19.656 35.717 45.000
Table 2 Short duration rainfall for Melkote
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

Year Rainfall
(mm) Pt = P24 (
t
24
)
1
3
1995 160.000 24.228 30.526 34.943 44.026 55.469 69.886 126.992 160.000
1996 110.200 16.687 21.025 24.067 30.323 38.204 48.134 87.466 110.200
1997 60.400 9.146 11.523 13.191 16.620 20.940 26.382 47.940 60.400
1998 60.800 9.207 11.600 13.278 16.730 21.078 26.557 48.257 60.800
1999 100.400 15.203 19.155 21.927 27.626 34.807 43.854 79.688 100.400
2000 65.000 9.843 12.401 14.196 17.885 22.534 28.391 51.591 65.000
2001 78.600 11.902 14.996 17.166 21.628 27.249 34.332 62.385 78.600
2002 60.000 9.086 11.447 13.104 16.510 20.801 26.207 47.622 60.000
2003 90.200 13.659 17.209 19.699 24.819 31.271 39.398 71.592 90.200
2004 58.300 8.828 11.123 12.732 16.042 20.211 25.465 46.273 58.300
2005 140.000 21.200 26.710 30.575 38.522 48.535 61.151 111.118 140.000
2006 84.000 12.720 16.026 18.345 23.113 29.121 36.690 66.671 84.000
2007 97.800 14.810 18.659 21.359 26.911 33.905 42.718 77.624 97.800
2008 74.600 11.296 14.233 16.292 20.527 25.862 32.585 59.210 74.600
2009 79.800 12.084 15.225 17.428 21.958 27.665 34.856 63.337 79.800
2010 90.000 13.628 17.171 19.656 24.764 31.201 39.311 71.433 90.000
2011 83.000 12.568 15.835 18.127 22.838 28.774 36.254 65.877 83.000
2012 93.400 14.143 17.819 20.398 25.700 32.380 40.796 74.132 93.400
2013 60.000 9.086 11.447 13.104 16.510 20.801 26.207 47.622 60.000
2014 94.200 14.264 17.972 20.573 25.920 32.657 41.146 74.767 94.200
2015 57.600 8.722 10.989 12.580 15.849 19.969 25.159 45.717 57.600
2016 46.400 7.026 8.852 10.134 12.767 16.086 20.267 36.828 46.400
Table 3 Short duration rainfall for Hagare
Year Rainfall
(mm) Pt = P24 (
t
24
)
1
3
1995 34.000 5.149 6.487 7.425 9.355 11.787 14.851 26.986 34.000
1996 60.000 9.086 11.447 13.104 16.510 20.801 26.207 47.622 60.000
1997 61.000 9.237 11.638 13.322 16.785 21.148 26.644 48.416 61.000
1998 95.000 14.386 18.125 20.748 26.140 32.935 41.495 75.402 95.000
1999 89.000 13.477 16.980 19.437 24.489 30.855 38.874 70.639 89.000
2000 67.800 10.267 12.935 14.807 18.656 23.505 29.614 53.813 67.800
2001 56.100 8.495 10.703 12.252 15.437 19.449 24.504 44.527 56.100
2002 67.000 10.146 12.783 14.632 18.436 23.228 29.265 53.178 67.000
2003 78.000 11.811 14.881 17.035 21.463 27.041 34.070 61.909 78.000
2004 44.000 6.663 8.395 9.609 12.107 15.254 19.219 34.923 44.000
2005 42.200 6.390 8.051 9.216 11.612 14.630 18.433 33.494 42.200
2006 54.800 8.298 10.455 11.968 15.079 18.998 23.936 43.495 54.800
2007 51.100 7.738 9.749 11.160 14.061 17.715 22.320 40.558 51.100
2008 110.400 16.717 21.063 24.111 30.378 38.274 48.222 87.625 110.400
2009 72.400 10.963 13.813 15.812 19.922 25.100 31.624 57.464 72.400
2010 103.000 15.597 19.651 22.495 28.342 35.708 44.989 81.751 103.000
2011 56.200 8.510 10.722 12.274 15.464 19.483 24.548 44.606 56.200
2012 60.800 9.207 11.600 13.278 16.730 21.078 26.557 48.257 60.800
2013 44.200 6.693 8.433 9.653 12.162 15.323 19.306 35.082 44.200
2014 62.000 9.388 11.829 13.540 17.060 21.494 27.081 49.209 62.000
2015 59.400 8.995 11.333 12.973 16.345 20.593 25.945 47.146 59.400
2016 40.000 6.057 7.631 8.736 11.006 13.867 17.472 31.748 40.000
Table 4 Short duration rainfall for Belagodu
Year Rainfall
(mm) Pt = P24 (
t
24
)
1
3
1995 51.200 7.753 9.768 11.182 14.088 17.750 22.364 40.637 51.200
1996 77.000 11.660 14.691 16.816 21.187 26.694 33.633 61.115 77.000
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

1997 80.000 12.114 15.263 17.472 22.013 27.734 34.943 63.496 80.000
1998 75.000 11.357 14.309 16.380 20.637 26.001 32.759 59.528 75.000
1999 70.000 10.600 13.355 15.288 19.261 24.268 30.575 55.559 70.000
2000 100.000 15.143 19.079 21.840 27.516 34.668 43.679 79.370 100.000
2001 80.400 12.175 15.339 17.559 22.123 27.873 35.118 63.814 80.400
2002 40.000 6.057 7.631 8.736 11.006 13.867 17.472 31.748 40.000
2003 50.000 7.571 9.539 10.920 13.758 17.334 21.840 39.685 50.000
2004 80.000 12.114 15.263 17.472 22.013 27.734 34.943 63.496 80.000
2005 180.000 27.257 34.341 39.311 49.529 62.403 78.622 142.866 180.000
2006 60.000 9.086 11.447 13.104 16.510 20.801 26.207 47.622 60.000
2007 132.400 20.049 25.260 28.916 36.431 45.901 57.831 105.086 132.400
2008 90.000 13.628 17.171 19.656 24.764 31.201 39.311 71.433 90.000
2009 90.000 13.628 17.171 19.656 24.764 31.201 39.311 71.433 90.000
2010 110.000 16.657 20.986 24.023 30.268 38.135 48.047 87.307 110.000
2011 50.500 7.647 9.635 11.029 13.896 17.507 22.058 40.082 50.500
2012 53.200 8.056 10.150 11.619 14.639 18.443 23.237 42.225 53.200
2013 108.300 16.399 20.662 23.652 29.800 37.546 47.304 85.958 108.300
2014 62.200 9.419 11.867 13.584 17.115 21.564 27.168 49.368 62.200
2015 77.400 11.720 14.767 16.904 21.297 26.833 33.808 61.432 77.400
2016 83.400 12.629 15.912 18.214 22.948 28.913 36.428 66.195 83.400
Table 5 Rainfall Intensity in mm/hr for 25 years return period
Sl
No
Raingauge
Station
Time (t )in minutes
5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440
1 Arehalli 226.392 142.618 108.838 68.564 43.192 27.209 8.240 5.191
2 Arkalgud 148.505 93.553 71.394 44.975 28.333 17.848 5.405 3.405
3 Attigundi 244.284 153.889 117.439 73.982 46.606 29.360 8.892 5.601
4 Basavapatna 139.880 88.119 67.247 42.363 26.687 16.812 5.092 3.207
5 Balagodu 189.033 119.084 90.878 57.249 36.065 22.719 6.881 4.335
6 Belur 167.993 105.829 80.763 50.877 32.051 20.191 6.115 3.852
7 Bettadapura 136.843 86.206 65.787 41.443 26.108 16.447 4.981 3.138
8 Bilur 382.195 240.768 183.740 115.749 72.917 45.935 13.912 8.764
9 Channenahally 154.250 97.172 74.156 46.715 29.429 18.539 5.615 3.537
10 Chikkamangalore 143.691 90.520 69.079 43.517 27.414 17.270 5.230 3.295
11 Doddabemmatti 109.376 68.903 52.582 33.125 20.867 13.146 3.981 2.508
12 Galibeedu 364.342 229.521 175.157 110.342 69.511 43.789 13.262 8.354
13 Gonibeedu 262.871 165.598 126.375 79.611 50.152 31.594 9.568 6.028
14 Gorur 146.478 92.276 70.420 44.362 27.946 17.605 5.332 3.359
15 Hagare 144.517 91.040 69.477 43.767 27.572 17.369 5.260 3.314
16 Halekote 147.669 93.026 70.992 44.722 28.173 17.748 5.375 3.386
17 Hallibailu 329.504 207.575 158.409 99.791 62.865 39.602 11.994 7.556
18 Hallimysore 137.854 86.843 66.273 41.750 26.301 16.568 5.018 3.161
19 Harangi 153.765 96.866 73.923 46.568 29.336 18.481 5.597 3.526
20 Hassan 162.395 102.303 78.072 49.182 30.983 19.518 5.911 3.724
21 Hosakere 486.738 306.626 234.000 147.411 92.863 58.500 17.717 11.161
22 Hunsur 150.837 95.022 72.515 45.682 28.778 18.129 5.490 3.459
23 Javali 325.228 204.881 156.353 98.496 62.049 39.088 11.838 7.457
24
Kenchammana
hoskote 207.910 130.975 99.953 62.966 39.666 24.988 7.568 4.767
25 Krishnarajpet 150.862 95.038 72.527 45.689 28.782 18.132 5.491 3.459
26 Kushalnagar 133.985 84.405 64.413 40.578 25.562 16.103 4.877 3.072
27 Malalur 108.237 68.185 52.035 32.780 20.650 13.009 3.940 2.482
28 Mallipatna 146.863 92.518 70.604 44.478 28.019 17.651 5.346 3.368
29 Melkote 188.813 118.945 90.772 57.183 36.023 22.693 6.873 4.329
30 Naladi 626.061 394.394 300.979 189.605 119.444 75.245 22.788 14.356
31 Nuggehalli 177.353 111.725 85.262 53.712 33.836 21.316 6.455 4.067
32 Periyapatna 139.599 87.942 67.112 42.278 26.634 16.778 5.081 3.201
33 Poonampet 341.927 215.401 164.382 103.554 65.235 41.095 12.446 7.840
34 Sakleshpura 266.588 167.940 128.162 80.737 50.861 32.041 9.704 6.113
35 Salagame 151.176 95.235 72.678 45.784 28.842 18.169 5.503 3.466
36 Shantebachahalli 194.550 122.559 93.530 58.920 37.117 23.382 7.081 4.461
37 Shantigrama 134.625 84.809 64.721 40.772 25.685 16.180 4.900 3.087
38 Shravanabelagola 183.882 115.838 88.401 55.689 35.082 22.100 6.693 4.216
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

39 Siddapura 212.360 133.779 102.092 64.314 40.515 25.523 7.730 4.869
40 Srimangala 351.820 221.633 169.137 106.550 67.122 42.284 12.806 8.067
41 Sukravarashante 306.295 192.954 147.251 92.763 58.437 36.813 11.149 7.023
42 Talakavery 578.434 364.391 278.082 175.181 110.357 69.521 21.055 13.264
43 Virajpet 320.613 201.974 154.135 97.099 61.168 38.534 11.670 7.352
44 Yelawala 154.014 97.023 74.042 46.644 29.384 18.511 5.606 3.532
Sl
No
Raingauge
Station
Time (t )in minutes
5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440
1 Arehalli 226.768 142.855 109.019 68.677 43.264 27.255 8.254 5.200
2 Arkalgud 148.738 93.699 71.506 45.046 28.377 17.876 5.414 3.411
3 Attigundi 244.700 154.152 117.640 74.108 46.685 29.410 8.907 5.611
4 Basavapatna 140.087 88.249 67.347 42.426 26.727 16.837 5.099 3.212
5 Balagodu 189.384 119.304 91.046 57.356 36.132 22.762 6.893 4.343
6 Belur 168.286 106.014 80.903 50.966 32.107 20.226 6.125 3.859
7 Bettadapura 137.042 86.331 65.883 41.504 26.146 16.471 4.988 3.142
8 Bilur 382.952 241.245 184.104 115.979 73.062 46.026 13.939 8.781
9 Channenahally 154.516 97.339 74.284 46.796 29.480 18.571 5.624 3.543
11 Doddabemmatti 109.504 68.983 52.644 33.164 20.892 13.161 3.986 2.511
12 Galibeedu 364.766 229.789 175.361 110.471 69.592 43.840 13.277 8.364
13 Gonibeedu 263.332 165.889 126.597 79.751 50.240 31.649 9.585 6.038
14 Gorur 146.674 92.399 70.514 44.421 27.983 17.628 5.339 3.363
15 Hagare 144.737 91.179 69.582 43.834 27.614 17.396 5.268 3.319
16 Halekote 147.954 93.205 71.129 44.808 28.227 17.782 5.385 3.393
17 Hallibailu 329.889 207.818 158.594 99.908 62.938 39.649 12.008 7.564
18 Hallimysore 138.000 86.935 66.344 41.794 26.329 16.586 5.023 3.164
19 Harangi 154.023 97.029 74.047 46.646 29.385 18.512 5.606 3.532
20 Hassan 162.623 102.447 78.181 49.251 31.026 19.545 5.919 3.729
21 Hosakere 487.317 306.991 234.278 147.586 92.973 58.569 17.738 11.174
22 Hunsur 151.083 95.177 72.633 45.756 28.825 18.158 5.499 3.464
23 Javali 325.612 205.123 156.538 98.613 62.122 39.135 11.852 7.466
24
Kenchammana
hoskote 208.201 131.158 100.093 63.054 39.722 25.023 7.578 4.774
25 Krishnarajpet 151.038 95.148 72.612 45.743 28.816 18.153 5.498 3.463
26 Kushalnagar 134.148 84.508 64.492 40.627 25.594 16.123 4.883 3.076
27 Malalur 108.363 68.264 52.095 32.818 20.674 13.024 3.944 2.485
28 Mallipatna 147.010 92.611 70.675 44.523 28.047 17.669 5.351 3.371
29 Melkote 189.114 119.135 90.917 57.274 36.080 22.729 6.884 4.336
30 Naladi 627.082 395.038 301.470 189.914 119.638 75.368 22.825 14.379
31 Nuggehalli 177.701 111.945 85.430 53.818 33.903 21.358 6.468 4.075
32 Periyapatna 139.775 88.053 67.197 42.331 26.667 16.799 5.088 3.205
33 Poonampet 342.726 215.904 164.766 103.796 65.387 41.191 12.475 7.859
34 Sakleshpura 267.005 168.203 128.363 80.864 50.941 32.091 9.719 6.122
35 Salagame 151.435 95.398 72.802 45.863 28.892 18.201 5.512 3.472
37 Shantigrama 134.842 84.946 64.826 40.838 25.726 16.206 4.908 3.092
39 Siddapura 212.685 133.983 102.248 64.412 40.577 25.562 7.742 4.877
40 Srimangala 352.406 222.002 169.419 106.727 67.234 42.355 12.827 8.081
42 Talakavery 579.272 364.919 278.485 175.435 110.517 69.621 21.085 13.283
43 Virajpet 321.171 202.325 154.403 97.268 61.275 38.601 11.690 7.364
44 Yelawala 154.224 97.155 74.143 46.707 29.424 18.536 5.614 3.536
Sl
No
Raingauge
Station
Time (t )in minutes
5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440
1 Arehalli 226.891 142.933 109.078 68.715 43.288 27.270 8.259 5.203
2 Arkalgud 148.815 93.748 71.543 45.069 28.392 17.886 5.417 3.412
3 Attigundi 244.837 154.238 117.706 74.150 46.712 29.426 8.912 5.614
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

4 Basavapatna 140.155 88.292 67.379 42.446 26.740 16.845 5.102 3.214
5 Balagodu 189.499 119.377 91.102 57.390 36.154 22.775 6.898 4.345
6 Belur 168.382 106.074 80.950 50.995 32.125 20.237 6.129 3.861
7 Bettadapura 137.108 86.373 65.915 41.524 26.158 16.479 4.991 3.144
8 Bilur 383.201 241.402 184.224 116.054 73.109 46.056 13.948 8.787
9 Channenahally 154.604 97.394 74.326 46.822 29.496 18.581 5.627 3.545
11 Doddabemmatti 109.546 69.010 52.664 33.176 20.900 13.166 3.987 2.512
12 Galibeedu 364.906 229.877 175.429 110.513 69.619 43.857 13.282 8.367
13 Gonibeedu 263.483 165.984 126.670 79.797 50.269 31.667 9.591 6.042
14 Gorur 146.739 92.440 70.545 44.440 27.996 17.636 5.341 3.365
15 Hagare 144.809 91.224 69.617 43.856 27.628 17.404 5.271 3.320
16 Halekote 148.047 93.264 71.174 44.837 28.245 17.793 5.389 3.395
17 Hallibailu 330.016 207.898 158.655 99.947 62.962 39.664 12.012 7.567
18 Hallimysore 138.048 86.965 66.367 41.809 26.338 16.592 5.025 3.165
19 Harangi 154.108 97.082 74.087 46.672 29.402 18.522 5.609 3.534
20 Hassan 162.698 102.494 78.217 49.274 31.041 19.554 5.922 3.731
21 Hosakere 487.507 307.111 234.369 147.643 93.010 58.592 17.745 11.179
22 Hunsur 151.164 95.228 72.672 45.781 28.840 18.168 5.502 3.466
23 Javali 325.738 205.203 156.599 98.651 62.146 39.150 11.857 7.469
24
Kenchammana
hoskote 208.296 131.219 100.139 63.083 39.740 25.035 7.582 4.776
25 Krishnarajpet 151.096 95.185 72.640 45.760 28.827 18.160 5.500 3.465
26 Kushalnagar 134.201 84.542 64.517 40.643 25.604 16.129 4.885 3.077
27 Malalur 108.404 68.291 52.115 32.831 20.682 13.029 3.946 2.486
28 Mallipatna 147.058 92.641 70.698 44.537 28.057 17.675 5.353 3.372
29 Melkote 189.213 119.197 90.964 57.304 36.099 22.741 6.887 4.339
30 Naladi 627.418 395.249 301.632 190.016 119.703 75.408 22.838 14.387
31 Nuggehalli 177.816 112.017 85.485 53.852 33.925 21.371 6.472 4.077
32 Periyapatna 139.833 88.089 67.225 42.349 26.678 16.806 5.090 3.206
33 Poonampet 342.989 216.070 164.892 103.875 65.437 41.223 12.485 7.865
34 Sakleshpura 267.142 168.290 128.429 80.905 50.967 32.107 9.724 6.126
35 Salagame 151.520 95.452 72.843 45.888 28.908 18.211 5.515 3.474
37 Shantigrama 134.914 84.991 64.860 40.859 25.740 16.215 4.911 3.094
39 Siddapura 212.791 134.051 102.300 64.445 40.598 25.575 7.745 4.879
40 Srimangala 352.598 222.124 169.512 106.786 67.271 42.378 12.834 8.085
42 Talakavery 579.548 365.093 278.618 175.518 110.570 69.654 21.095 13.289
43 Virajpet 321.355 202.441 154.491 97.323 61.310 38.623 11.697 7.369
44 Yelawala 154.293 97.199 74.176 46.728 29.437 18.544 5.616 3.538
Sl
No
Raingauge
Station
Time (t )in minutes
5 10 15 30 60 120 720 1440
1 Arehalli 226.953 142.971 109.108 68.733 43.299 27.277 8.261 5.204
2 Arkalgud 148.853 93.772 71.561 45.081 28.399 17.890 5.418 3.413
3 Attigundi 244.905 154.281 117.738 74.170 46.724 29.435 8.914 5.616
4 Basavapatna 140.188 88.313 67.396 42.457 26.746 16.849 5.103 3.215
5 Balagodu 189.556 119.413 91.129 57.408 36.165 22.782 6.900 4.347
6 Belur 168.430 106.104 80.973 51.010 32.134 20.243 6.131 3.862
7 Bettadapura 137.140 86.393 65.930 41.533 26.164 16.483 4.992 3.145
8 Bilur 383.324 241.480 184.283 116.091 73.133 46.071 13.953 8.790
9 Channenahally 154.647 97.422 74.347 46.835 29.504 18.587 5.629 3.546
11 Doddabemmatti 109.566 69.023 52.674 33.183 20.904 13.169 3.988 2.512
12 Galibeedu 364.975 229.920 175.462 110.534 69.632 43.865 13.285 8.369
13 Gonibeedu 263.558 166.032 126.706 79.820 50.283 31.676 9.593 6.043
14 Gorur 146.771 92.460 70.560 44.450 28.002 17.640 5.342 3.365
15 Hagare 144.845 91.247 69.634 43.867 27.634 17.409 5.272 3.321
16 Halekote 148.094 93.293 71.196 44.851 28.254 17.799 5.390 3.396
17 Hallibailu 330.079 207.937 158.686 99.966 62.974 39.671 12.015 7.569
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

18 Hallimysore 138.072 86.980 66.378 41.816 26.342 16.595 5.026 3.166
19 Harangi 154.150 97.108 74.108 46.685 29.410 18.527 5.611 3.535
20 Hassan 162.736 102.517 78.235 49.285 31.048 19.559 5.923 3.732
21 Hosakere 487.601 307.170 234.415 147.672 93.027 58.604 17.748 11.181
22 Hunsur 151.204 95.253 72.691 45.793 28.848 18.173 5.504 3.467
23 Javali 325.801 205.242 156.629 98.670 62.158 39.157 11.859 7.471
24
Kenchammana
hoskote 208.344 131.249 100.161 63.098 39.749 25.040 7.584 4.777
25 Krishnarajpet 151.125 95.203 72.653 45.769 28.832 18.163 5.501 3.465
26 Kushalnagar 134.228 84.558 64.530 40.651 25.609 16.133 4.886 3.078
27 Malalur 108.425 68.303 52.125 32.837 20.686 13.031 3.947 2.486
28 Mallipatna 147.082 92.656 70.710 44.544 28.061 17.677 5.354 3.373
29 Melkote 189.262 119.228 90.988 57.319 36.109 22.747 6.889 4.340
30 Naladi 627.584 395.354 301.711 190.066 119.734 75.428 22.844 14.391
31 Nuggehalli 177.873 112.053 85.512 53.869 33.936 21.378 6.474 4.079
32 Periyapatna 139.861 88.107 67.238 42.358 26.684 16.810 5.091 3.207
33 Poonampet 343.119 216.152 164.955 103.915 65.462 41.239 12.489 7.868
34 Sakleshpura 267.210 168.332 128.461 80.926 50.980 32.115 9.726 6.127
35 Salagame 151.562 95.478 72.864 45.901 28.916 18.216 5.517 3.475
37 Shantigrama 134.949 85.013 64.877 40.870 25.746 16.219 4.912 3.094
39 Siddapura 212.844 134.084 102.325 64.461 40.608 25.581 7.747 4.881
40 Srimangala 352.694 222.184 169.558 106.815 67.289 42.389 12.838 8.087
42 Talakavery 579.684 365.179 278.683 175.560 110.596 69.671 21.100 13.292
43 Virajpet 321.445 202.498 154.535 97.351 61.327 38.634 11.700 7.371
44 Yelawala 154.327 97.220 74.193 46.738 29.443 18.548 5.617 3.539
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

ISSN NO: 0369-8394

Figure 4; Isopluvial Maps for different duration and frequency
4 CONCLUSIONS
Hydrologists and engineers require Intensity-duration-frequency data in the planning and design of water resources
projects. Historical rainfall records are needed to obtain design estimates for both small and large projects. This
study has attempted to provide much needed and useful design charts for water resources planning and development
in Upper Cauvery. The results from the IDF analysis showed that the Log-Normal distribution method was successfully
used to derive the rainfall intensity, duration and frequency at each of the 44 selected synoptic stations in Upper Cauvery.
Isopluvial maps were also produce for Upper Cauvery for various duration and frequencies. The results obtained should
serve to meet the need for rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relationships and estimates in various parts of Upper
Cauvery, both for short and longer recurrence intervals. The use of the results of this study to calculate design floods could
be done with greater easy for most parts of Upper Cauvery. Village maps can be overlayed with isopluvial maps to find the
rainfall intensity at any particular point. It is hoped that as more precipitation data at required time scale are available the
analysis could also be refined and applied to individual station series to obtain improved estimates of the IDF parameters
and more precise maps.
Reference
1. Bell F. C., 1969, “Generalized rainfall-duration-frequency relationship”, ASCE J. Hydraulic Eng., 95, 311–327.
2. Bernard, M. M., (1932), “Formulas for rainfall intensities of long durations”. Trans. ASCE 6:592 - 624.
3. Bhaskar, N. R.; Parida, B. P.; Nayak, A. K. 1997. Flood Estimation for Ungauged Catchments Using the GIUH.
Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management., ASCE 123(4): 228-238.
4. Chow V.T., D.R. Maidment and L.W.Mays, 1988, “Applied Hydrology”, McGraw- Hill, Chapter 10 – Probability,
Risk and Uncertainty Analysis for Hydrologic and Hydraulic Design: 361 – 398.
5. M. M. Rashid, 1 S. B. Faruque and 2 J. B. Alam 2012, “Modeling of Short Duration Rainfall Intensity Duration
Frequency (SDRIDF) Equation for Sylhet City in Bangladesh.
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

6. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Generation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves For Different
Return Period Using Short Duration Rainfall For Manvi Taluk Raichur District Karnataka”, International Research
Journal of Engineering and Management Studies (IRJEMS), Volume: 03 Issue: 04 | April -2019.
7. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Prioritization Of Subwatersheds of Cauvery Region Based on
Morphometric Analysis Using GIS”, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application & Management
(IJREAM), Volume: 05 Issue: 01, April -2019.
8. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla “Modelling of Short Duration Isopluvial Map For Raichur District
Karnataka”, International Journal for Science and Advance Research in Technology (IJSART), Volume: 05 Issue:
4, April -2019.
9. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, M Inayathulla, "Rainfall Analysis for Modelling of IDF Curves for Bangalore Rural,
Karnataka", International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies , Vol.5, Issue.8, pp.114-132,
2019
10. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M Inayathulla. "Generation of Short Duration Isohyetal Maps For Raichur
District Karnataka" International Journal Of Advance Research And Innovative Ideas In Education Volume 5 Issue
2 2019 Page 3234-3242
11. Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez, and M Inayathulla. " Derivation Of Intensity Duration Frequency Curves Using Short
Duration Rainfall For Yermarus Raingauge Station Raichur District Karnataka" International Journal of Innovative
Research in Technology Volume 6 Issue 2 July 2019 Page 1-7
12. Sherman, C. W. (1931). Frequency and intensity of excessive rainfall at Boston, Massachusetts, Transactions of the
American Society of Civil Engineers, 95, pp.951– 960.
AUTHORS PROFILE
Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez* Is a life member of Indian Water Resources
Society, ASCE Born in Karnataka, India Obtained his BE in Civil Engineering in
the year 2009-2013 from UVCE, Bangalore and M.E with specialization in Water
Resources Engineering during 2013-2015 from UVCE, Bangalore University and
Pursuing Ph.D from Bangalore University. And has 3 years of teaching experience.
Till date, has presented and published several technical papers in many National and
International seminars, Journals and conferences.
Amritha Thankachan, born in Kerala, obtained her B.Tech in Civil Engineering
in the year 2008-2012 from Amal Jyothi College of Engineering, Kanjirappally,
Kottayam and M.Tech with specialization on Integrated Water Resources
Management during 2012-2014 from Karunya University, Coimbatore. Presently
pursuing Ph.D from Bangalore University. She is having more than 4 years of
teaching experience. Till date, has presented and published several technical papers
in many National and International Seminars and Conferences.
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

Chalapathi k Isa life member of Indian Water Resources
Society. Born in Karnataka, Obtained his BE in Civil Engineering in the year 2008-
2012 from GSKSJTI, Bangalore. and M.E with specialization on Water Resources
Engineering during 2012-2014 from UVCE, Bangalore University and Pursuing
Ph.D from Bangalore University. And has 3 years of teaching experience. Till
date, has presented and published several technical papers in many National
and International seminars and conferences.
M Inayathulla Is a life member of Environmental and Water
Resources Engineering (EWRI), ASCE, WWI, ASTEE, ASFPM. Born in Karnataka,
Obtained his BE in Civil Engineering in the year 1987-1991 from UBDT,
Davanagere and M.E with specialization on Water Resources Engineering during
1992-1994 from UVCE, Bangalore University and got Doctorate from Bangalore
University in the year 1990-1995. Presently working as Professor at UVCE,
Bangalore University, India. And has more than 25 years of teaching experience.
Till date, has presented and published several technical papers in many National
and International seminars and conferences
ISSN NO: 0369-8394

Pstj 1342

Empfohlen

Empfohlen

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Ähnlich wie Pstj 1342

Ähnlich wie Pstj 1342 (20)

Mehr von Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez

Mehr von Mohammed Badiuddin Parvez (20)

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Pstj 1342