Evolution xii
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Origin_of_Life_Biogenesis_and_Abiogenesi.pdf
- 1. Origin of Life: Biogenesis & Abiogenesis Vanda Mendonca, PhD Ecosystems Scientist May 2014
- 2. History of Life on Earth Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Geologic_Clock_with_events_and_periods.svg
- 3. • Biogenesis is the production of new living organisms or organelles • The law of biogenesis, attributed to Louis Pasteur, is the observation that living things come only from other living things, by reproduction Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenesis Biogenesis
- 4. Abiogenesis – slide 1 • Abiogenesis or biopoiesis is the natural process by which life arose from non-living matter such as simple organic compounds Read more on Organic Compounds: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_compound • The Earth was formed about 4.54 billion years ago. The earliest life ‘form’on Earth existed at least 3.5 billion years ago. Perhaps 4.4. billion years ago Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis
- 5. Abiogenesis – slide 2 Abiogenesis Theory Read more: http://www.factsnotfantasy.com/abiogenesis.php http://people.highline.edu/iglozman/classes/astronotes/life.htm Stanley Miller Experiment in 1953
- 6. The 1st Life ‘Forms’ • The earliest physical evidence for life on Earth is biogenic graphite in 3.7 billion-year-old metasedimentary rocks discovered in Western Greeland and microbial mat fossils found in 3.48 billion-year-old sandstone discovered in Western Australia • Ongoing studies show that it may indeed have started as earlier as 4.4 billion years ago The Earth was formed about 4.54 billion years Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis
- 7. Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_%28biology%29#Summary Linnaeus 1735 Haeckel 1866 Chatton 1925 Copeland 1938 Whittake r 1969 Woese et al. 1977 Woese et al. 1990 Cavalier-Smi th 1993 Cavalier- Smith 1998 2 kingdoms 3 kingdoms 2 empires 4 kingdoms 5 kingdoms 6 kingdoms 3 domains 8 kingdoms 6 kingdoms (not treated) Protista Prokaryota Monera Monera Eubacteria Bacteria Eubacteria Bacteria Archaebacteria Archaea Archaebacteria Fungi Protoctista Protista Protista Eucarya Archezoa Protozoa Protozoa Chromista Chromista Vegetabilia Plantae Plantae Plantae Plantae Plantae Plantae Fungi Fungi Fungi Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Animalia Scientific Classification Systems
- 8. Tree of Life Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_%28biology%29
- 9. Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes • The Prokaryotes are a group of organisms whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleous (karyon), and have prokaryote cells • Those organisms whose cells have a well defined membrane bound nucleus and organelles are called Eucaryotes, and have eucaryote cells Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryote http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biology
- 10. Biological Life Cycle • In biology, a life cycle is a series of changes in form that an organism undergoes, returning to the initial state • Transitions of form may involve growth, assexual reproduction, and/or sexual reproduction Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_life_ cycle
- 11. Tipes of Life Cycle • Haplontic life cycle — the haploid stage is multicellular and the diploid stage is a single cell, meiosis is "zygotic" • Diplontic life cycle — the diploid stage is multicellular and haploid gametes are formed, meiosis is "gametic" • Haplodiplontic life cycle (also referred to as diplohaplontic, diplobiontic, or dibiontic life cycle) — multicellular diploid and haploid stages occur, meiosis is "sporic" Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_life_cycle
- 12. Alteration of Generations - slide 1 • In some organisms, different "generations" of the species succed each other during the life cycle • For plants and many algae, there are two multicellular stages, and the life cycle is referred to as Alternation of Generations Read more: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternation_of_gener ations
- 13. Alteration of Generations – slide 2 Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alternation_of_generations_simpler.svg
- 14. For more on Origin of Life on Earth go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History _of_the_Earth#Origin_of_life
- 15. For more on History of Life on Earth go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologi cal_diversity#Evolution_and_history
- 16. If you are still looking for further definitions then search here: http://www.answers.com http://www.wikipedia.org/
