A sports hernia, also known as athletic pubalgia, is a disorder that can be painful and is frequently debilitating. It is common among athletes and other people who engage in strenuous physical activity. Let's explore more: https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/sports-hernia-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

1. SPORTS HERNIA – CAUSES,
SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENT
By Dr. Valeria Simone MD,
(Southlake General Surgery, Texas, USA)

2. Overview
A sports hernia, also known as athletic pubalgia, is a disorder that can be painful and is frequently debilitating. It
is common among athletes and other people who engage in strenuous physical activity. This injury happens when
there is a weakening or tear in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments of the lower abdominal or groin area, causing
acute pain and limited movement.
It can be caused by a variety of activities, including lifting heavy objects, running, or jumping. In sports that
require repeated twisting, turning or abrupt changes in direction, it is a regular occurrence. A quicker recovery
from a sports hernia can be achieved with early detection of the condition and subsequent treatment with the
appropriate care. This can assist to reduce the risk of consequences that linger for a longer period.

4. What is a Sports Hernia?
Even though it is not technically a hernia, a sports hernia is a painful condition that affects the lower abdomen or
groin region and, more particularly, the inguinal canal.
This kind of injury is more of a strain or tear inside the muscles, tendons, or ligaments around the area, and it
does not result in a noticeable bulge or protrusion as you would see in traditional hernias.
Hernias in sports are more likely to occur in athletes who participate in activities that demand rapid changes in
direction or direction changes often. It is possible to considerably improve the odds of a successful and pain-free
return to athletic efforts by gaining an understanding of the nature of sports hernias, identifying the early
warning signals, and seeking assistance as soon as possible.

5. What parts of the body are most at risk for a
sports hernia?
The lower abdominal region and the groin are the most common locations for sports hernias, and the inguinal
canal is the area that is most affected. The inguinal canal acts as a passageway for vital tissues, such as the
spermatic cord in males and the round ligament in females.
In males, the inguinal canal is located below the pubic bone. When doing tasks that entail sudden movements or
changes in direction, the intricate architecture of this region is put under a tremendous amount of stress, which
can lead to the muscles, tendons, or ligaments in this area becoming weakened or even torn. This can be a very
distressing and excruciating process.
As a result, this susceptible area becomes the epicenter of pain and discomfort associated with sports hernias,
which influences an athlete’s ability to compete and participate in the activity of their choice.

6. How does a sports hernia differ from a regular
hernia?
The nature of the injury itself is what differentiates a traditional hernia from a sports hernia as the key
distinguishing factor between the two.
In contrast to a traditional hernia, which is characterized by an actual protrusion or bulge caused by an organ,
such as the intestines, pushing through a weakened section of muscle or tissue, a sports hernia is caused by
strain or tears in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments of the lower abdominal or groin area. In contrast, a sports
hernia is a common occurrence among athletes.
In addition, sports hernias are typically associated with athletic activities, whereas traditional hernias can affect
anyone regardless of the amount of physical activity they participate in. Understanding these distinctions is
essential for making an accurate diagnosis and selecting the most appropriate treatment to facilitate a speedy
recovery for those who have been afflicted.

7. What sports induce sports hernias?
Sports hernias are more common when the participant engages in activities that exert excessive strain on the lower abdomen and groin
regions, such as activities that include repeated twisting, turning, or abrupt changes in direction. Following are some examples of sports
that fall into this category:
• Basketball
• Soccer
• Ice hockey
• Rugby
• Tennis
• Wrestling
• Hurdling
• Football
Because of the nature of the motions that are required to compete in these high-intensity sports, athletes who participate in these
activities are at a greater risk of getting sports hernias.
Therefore, it is necessary for people who participate in these sports to undertake preventative measures, such as appropriate training and
stretching regimens, to avoid sustaining this painful injury.

8. How prevalent are sports hernias?
Although the incidence of sports hernias may vary depending on the study population, it is widely considered
that those who engage in strenuous athletic pursuits are prone to this condition.
It is estimated that around 5% of all groin injuries in athletes are caused by sports hernias, with higher incidence
rates being reported in sports that entail strenuous movements and frequent changes in direction.
Male athletes are more likely to suffer from sports hernias than female athletes, and this disparity could be
attributed to inherent anatomical variations between the sexes.
It is possible that the prevalence of this painful ailment among athletes might be greatly reduced if better injury
prevention techniques and improved treatment procedures were utilized as the level of awareness surrounding
sports hernias continues to develop

9. Who is most likely to suffer from a sports hernia?
Sports hernias can occur in athletes of any age or degree of skill but are more common in those who participate
in high-intensity activities that impose a large amount of pressure on the lower abdominal and groin regions.
As we mentioned before, male athletes are more likely to suffer from sports hernias than their female
counterparts. This may be because of anatomical variations between the sexes.
However, it is vital to realize that sports hernias are not confined to professional athletes and may also arise in
those participating in recreational sports or other physically demanding activities. This is a subject that must be
thought through.
As a result, it is essential for everyone who engages in physical activity to have a solid grasp of the precautions to
take and the many treatments available for sports hernias. This will allow for a speedy recovery if an injury does
occur.

10. What leads to athletic pubalgia (sports hernia)?
The primary causes of a sports hernia, also known as athletic pubalgia, are abrupt or intense exertions involving
the groin and lower abdominal muscles, as well as repetitive, forceful movements involving the same areas.
These vigorous efforts frequently lead to overloading, which can then result in the tearing or weakening of the
connective tissues that surround the affected area. This is what causes the symptoms that are typical of a sports
hernia.
Muscle imbalances, poor warm-up or stretching exercises, and previous injuries in the region that may have
damaged the overall stability of the affected muscles are all potential contributing factors.
It is possible to significantly reduce the number of sports hernias that occur in individuals who are at risk by first
determining the elements that contribute to the condition and then devising preventative measures to deal with
those issues.

11. Symptoms of Sports Hernia
Pain that is chronic and intense in the groin and lower abdomen regions is typically one of the signs of a sports
hernia. This pain tends to become more severe whenever the affected individual engages in strenuous physical
activity or makes rapid movements.
Athletes who suffer from a sports hernia may also have trouble when performing routine, day-to-day activities
such as coughing or rising from a seated posture.
Depending on the severity of the damage, the pain may be contained to one side of the groin, or it may spread to
both sides of the area.
It is vital for people who are experiencing these symptoms to get medical help as soon as possible to have an
accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan.

12. Diagnosis of Sports Hernia
A diagnosis of an athletic pubalgia, also known as a sports hernia, is determined using a combination of a physical
examination and imaging techniques.
Throughout the course of the patient’s physical examination, a qualified medical practitioner will evaluate the
patient’s range of motion, as well as their pain levels and whether there are any palpable anomalies in the lower
abdominal and groin regions.
It is possible to supplement the diagnosis using imaging tests such as ultrasound, X-ray, or MRI to visualize the
degree of any tissue damage or abnormality and get a better understanding of the condition.
These several methods of diagnosing a patient make it possible to establish an effective treatment strategy that is
individualized to the patient’s particular condition and that contributes to the patient’s overall rate of
improvement during the healing process.

13. Treatment of Sports Hernia
Depending on the severity of the symptoms and how long they have persisted, a sports hernia (also known as athletic
pubalgia) is often treated with a mix of non-invasive and invasive procedures.
Non-invasive treatment includes the following:
Rest, the use of ice, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs, and supervised physical therapy targeted at strengthening the
muscles afflicted and restoring flexibility are examples of the first conservative therapies that may be taken.
Invasive treatment includes the following:
If the symptoms do not improve despite the use of conservative treatment, or if the damage to the tissues is significant,
surgical intervention may be necessary to repair the damaged or weakened connective tissues.
• Laparoscopic surgery, a minimally invasive surgical method, has become more popular for the treatment of sports
hernias due to its various advantages over traditional open surgery. Surgeons can repair damaged tissues more
precisely and with fewer difficulties when they use specialized devices and a small camera inserted through tiny
incisions. On top of that, compared to conventional surgical procedures, this one typically leads to quicker healing
and quicker returns to play for the athlete. Patients with sports hernias who want effective treatment with minimal
disruption to their athletic endeavors may find laparoscopic surgery to be a viable choice.

14. • Open Surgery is still possible to treat a sports hernia with open surgery, or the more conventional surgical
methods. Often, a wider incision is made during these procedures so that the surgeon may examine the
affected area in detail and make repairs there. Open surgery, especially after conservative treatments have
failed, can still deliver great outcomes for patients, despite the lengthier recovery times compared to
laparoscopic procedures. In the end, the type of surgery chosen will be determined by several criteria,
including the severity of the hernia and the patient’s own preferences and needs, with the intention of giving
the best possible care and facilitating a full recovery.
• Surgical Rehabilitation: After any method of surgical repair for a sports hernia, the patient will benefit greatly
from surgical rehabilitation. To restore mobility, strength, and function to the injured area, a thorough
rehabilitation program will direct the patient through a series of carefully designed exercises and stretches. The
workouts will increase in difficulty and intensity as the patient heals, getting them ready for a successful
comeback to their sport. To ensure the best possible outcome, it is essential for the patient, surgeon, and
physical therapist to maintain open lines of communication throughout the rehabilitation process.

15. Can a sports hernia heal without medical
attention?
The probability that a sports hernia will heal on its own varies from person to person and is influenced by a
variety of circumstances, including the seriousness of the injury and the body’s innate capacity to recover from
trauma.
- Let’s explore more: Sports Hernia - Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment - Southlake General Surgery

16. Appointment
For more information on “Sports Hernia – Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment” or consultation with Dr. Valeria
Simone MD at Southlake General Surgery, Texas, USA. You can contact our healthcare expert today at +1(817)
748-0200. You can also make an online appointment with us.
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- Source: Sports Hernia - Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment - Southlake General Surgery

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