2. Index
●
Conventional Electric Power Plants
●
-Nuclear Power Plants
●
-Fossil Fuel Thermal Power Plants
●
-Hydroelectric Power Plants
●
Non-Conventional Electric Power Plants
●
-Wind Power Plants and Wind Farms
●
-Solar Power Plants
●
-Geothermal Power Plants
●
-Biomass Thermal Power Plant
●
-Ocean Power Plants
3. What is the electricity?
●
Electricity is the most widely used form of
energy in idustrialised societies for two
reasons: 1.It can be easily transformed into
others forms of energy.
●
2. It can be tranported long distances
with very little energy being lost.
4. How an Electric Power Plant works?
●
They used an external source of energy to
produce electricty. To do this, they rely on a
turbine-alternator system:
●
-The turbine converts mechanical energy into
the rotating movements of a shaft.
●
-An alternator has a fixed part, called a stator
and a moving part called a rotor, connected to
the turbine shaft.
●
This produce the alternating electrical current.
5. Conventional Electric Power Plants
●
Nuclear power
plants
●
●
Fossil Fuels Thermal
Power Plants
●
●
Hydroelectric Power
Plants
●
6. Nuclear Power Plants
●
This type of plant
include a nuclear
fission reactor that
produce the
pressurised steam
needed to move
the turbine motor.
The main fuel is
the uranium.
7. Working of Nuclear Power Plants
Basically, all power stations adopt the same
method to produce electricity. A turbine is
caused to rotate. A generator is attached to
the shaft of the turbine. As the turbine turns,
electricity is produced in the generator. This
electricity is sent out through transmission
lines to a distribution station of the Electricity
Board.
8. Fossil Fuel Thermal Plants.
●
At this type of power
plant, water is
heated in a boiler by
the heat generated
from the combustion
of a fossil fuel, usual
in natural gas or
coal. The steam that
is generated moves
the turbines
connected to the
9. Working of Fossils Fuel Power Plant
The first conversion of energy takes place in the boiler. Coal is burnt in the boiler
furnace to produce heat. Carbon in the coal and Oxygen in the air combine to
produce Carbon Dioxide and heat.
The second stage is the thermodynamic process.
1.The heat from combustion of the coal boils water in the boiler
to produce steam. In modern power plant, boilers produce
steam at a high pressure and temperature.
2.The steam is then piped to a turbine.
3.The high pressure steam impinges and expands across a
number of sets of blades in the turbine.
4.The impulse and the thrust created rotates the turbine.
5.The steam is then condensed and pumped back into the
boiler to repeat the cycle.
In the third stage, rotation of the turbine rotates the generator
10. Hydroelectric Power Plants
●
This type of power plant ●
Gravity-driven: Water
uses the potencial used follows the
energy provide by the curse of the river
height of the store
water in a dam,
and will not be
converting it into kinetic
●
reused.
Pump-driven: Water
energy. This energy descends into a
moves the blades of the reservoir located at
turbine. a lower height, then
●
There're two pumped to a higher
types: reservoir to reused.
12. Non-conventional electric power plants
●
The main disadvantage of this power plants is
that they generates much less energy, since
they use diffuse energy sources.
●
Their advantages are that the contaminate
much less than conventional power plants,
they use renewable sources and they reduce
the energy dependent of petroleum and
natural gas.
●
There're five types: Wind power plants and
wind farms; Solar power plants; Geothermal
power plants; Biomass Thermal power plant
13. Wind Power Plants and Wind Farms
●
They use the kinetic energy of the wind to
move the plates of a rotor at the top of a
tower; this is referred to as the wind turbine.
●
Wind Farms are a clean form of generated
electricity. However, they can only be installed
in places with appropiated wind conditions.
14.
15. How does wind power plant works?
●
By turning the axis of the generator quickly
we produce energy. The axes transmit the
movement of the rotor to the generator. The
electricity produced by the generator is
extracted through cables that run down
through the tower.
16.
17. Solar power plant
These systems produce electricity on a large scale. They are unique
among solar technologies because they can store energy
efficiently and cost effectively. They can operate whenever the
customer needs power, even after dark or during cloudy weather.
Schematic of electricity generation using molten-salt
storage:
Sun heats salt in receiver;
Salt stored in hot storage tank;
Hot salt pumped through steam generator;
Steam drives turbine/generator to produce electricity;
Salt returns to cold storage tank
18. How does solar power plant works
Solar radiation produces electrical energy. There
are two types: Thermal solar and Photovoltaic.
Thermal solar uses colectors to capture thee
sun’s heat and make water hot. The hot water
then flows through tubes in the collector, and can
be stored in tanks. Photovoltaic uses solar panels
to produce electricity directly from sun light. Solar
energy can be produced and used in homes.
19.
20. geothermal power plant
A g e o t h e r m a l p o w e r p l a n t uses
its geothermal activity to generate power.
This type of natural energy production is
extremely environmentally friendly and used
in many geothermal hot spots around the
globe.To harness the energy, deep holes are
drilled into the earth (much like when drilling
for oil) until a significant geothermal hot spot
is found.
21. How geothermal power plant works?
When the heat source has been discovered,
a pipe is attached deep down inside the hole
which allows hot steam from deep within the
earths crust to rise up to the surface.The
pressurized steam is then channeled into a
turbine which begins to turn under the large
force of the steam. This turbine is linked to
the generator and so the generator also
begins to turn, generating electricity. We then
pump cold water down a new pipe which is
22.
23. Biomass thermal power plant
Urban and agricultural organic waste is burned.
The heat and gases produced by decomposing
waste are then used to move turbines wich
generate electricity
24. Ocean power plant
Tidal power stations fuction like traditional reservoirs, but
they are very expensive, wich discourages development
25.
26. Do you think wind turbine can produce
fresh water?
Wind turbines have long produced renewable energy but a
French engineering firm has discovered another eco-
purpose for the towering structures. This technology
could enable rural areas to become self-sufficient in
terms of water supply. As the design and capabilities
develop, the next step will be to create turbines that can
provide water for small cities or areas with denser
populations. The technology works by first generating
electricity in the traditional manner of a wind turbine. This
power enables the entire water generating system to
function.
