Prospect of forest management and Scientific forest management in Nepal

1. Prospect of Forest
Management in Nepal
Manoj Neupane
AFU, Hetauda
manoj.neupane@gmail.com

2. Presentation Outline
1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Methodology
4. Finding and Discussion
5. Conclusion
6. Recommendation
7. References
2

3. Introduction
3
• Forest occupies a total of 5.96 million (40.36
%) ha in Nepal
• Terai Mixed hardwood(TMH) forest type has
the highest coverage (24.61 %). Share of
Shorea robusta and Pinus roxburghii forest
types is 15.27 % and 8.45 % respectively.
• Total stem volume estimated in the Forest of
Nepal is 982.33 million m3 (1297 cft/person)
(DFRS,2015)

4. Introduction....
4
• Total no. of stem (>10cm diameter) estimated in the
forest of Nepal is 2563 million (96 plants/person;
DFRS,2015)
• Total stem volume estimated in the Forest of Nepal
is 982.33 million m3 (1297 cft/person)
• But our production is only 18.5 million (0.70
cft/person) cft.(DOF,2018)
DOF, 2018

5. • .
5
25 Magh, 2075

6. Objectives
6
DOF, 2018
• To review the prospect of the forest
management in Nepal

7. Methodology
7
Secondary data
• Different literatures, journals & thesis
reports
• Other related materials from different
sources
• Consultation with the experts on the field

8. Finding and Discussion
8
1.92%
3.85 %
(Himal khabar, 2018; DOC,2017)

9. 9
Forest Management Scenario of World
• The world has 3.9 billion ha of forest with 5%
in forest plantation, 43% of the total forest is
covererd by the management plan and 5%
are certified (Jacek, Frederick, & Ahmed,
2019).
• The formal timber sector employs more than
13.2 million people(World Bank, 2016)
• Sustainable management of forest started in
1850s from Germany (Parkash and Khanna,
2013)
• India have been applying Irregular shelter
wood system for the management of Shorea
robusta.

10. 10
Forest Policy
1 2 3 4
Year 1904 1915 1937 1941
Revenue earned 56202 499130 3110042 3634130
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
Revenue Collection
Year Revenue earned
• In Lichhiibi Period, People could cut 40 trees to make house but banned for
selling.
• Some trees were not sanctioned to cut trees.
• During 1990s forest based Juddha match factory, Nepal Ply wood and Babin
Company were established.

11. Forest Management Scenario
Rana Regime
• Forest as revenue source, who were loyal
were granted chunks of forest as Birta
• Exported to India for railway sleeper during
the period of 1930- 1950
Democracy
• Forest department in full capacity and equipped
after 1961 and 1967 restrictive legislation
• Master plan 1989 with different Modalities of FM
Paradigm
Shift
• Mid-1990s, Government prepared Operational
forest management plan(OFMP, a trailblazer in
the FM of Nepal
11
(Tiwari,2003)

12. 12
Towards proper forest Management
Scietific
FM
guideline
• With
objective to
Increase
forest
health and
productivit
y
Block
forest
Manage
ment
• Iniitiation
for Block
forest
managem
ent for all
national
Forest
Revised
Forest
policy
• Basis for
CFM
Guideline
Forest
Act and
Regulatio
n
• Provision
for FM
plan
preparati
on and
implemen
tation
FMUDP
• Piloted
Bara
and
Rautaht
1991-95 1993-95 2000 2010 2012
(Tiwari, 2003; MoFSC,
2014 and Subedi,2011)

13. Scientific Forest Management
• Systematic application of forestry science knowledge to
maximize and sustain benefits including indirect
benefits such as environmental and ecosystem services
(Parkash and Khanna,2013)
• SFM essentially follows silvicultural system.
(MoFSC,2014)
• Sal forest is dominant in Terai and most of them(Sal)
are Hollow and Over matured(DoF,2018)
• As per the government data we can extract 13 crore
cft through SFM thereby generating the revenue of 70
Arabs increasing the GDP contribution of forestry
substantially (Subedi, 2011)
13

14. Scientific Forest Management(SFM)
14
System being used :
• SFM started from Tilaurakot Collaborative forest in FY
2069/2070(Subedi, 2011)
• Recently implemented in 30 CFM, 7 block forest and
140 community forest in 22 districts of Terai and Inner
Terai(DoF, 2018)
Terai and
mid hills
Syangja,
Udaypur,
Sindhuli and
Solukhumbu
Sagarnath
Plantation

15. Scientific Forest Management
15
Improve the forest
health
Provides more woods
Local Economic
wellfare and
developlment
Local employment
Dispute will be
mitigated and
Governance
enhancement
Scientific
forest
management
(MoFSC, 2014)
(UN, 2015)

16. Scientific Forest Management(SFM)
16
• If we could manage only important species like;
Terai Sal forest, P. roxburghii, A. Nepalensis
and Schima-Castopsis would yield 6-12 crore
cft wood emplying around 6 lakh persons
around the year (MoFSC, 2014)

17. Tilaurakot CFM, Kapilvastu
17
SFM Intervention
Change in Natural Regeneration
After SFM Intervention
Before SFM Intervention

18. Issues and challenges of Scientific forest management
18
• Lack of sufficient/sound legal provision
(Definition of Timber, Pole and firewood, etc)
• Stakeholder understanding towards SFM
• FECOFUN's lobbying
• Unclear consequences about Impact on
biodiversity,insect attack problem and market
availability
• Chances of exploitation, corruption and
encroachment

19. Conclusion
19
• Forest occupies 40.36 % of the total area of the
country out of which 24.61 % is covered by the
Terai mixed hardwood(TMH) forest type which
can be managed scientifically.
• Our annual production is 1.85 crore and Nepa
is importing woods from 35 countries belonging
to 6 continent.
• With gradual shift of forest management
modalities, Nepal has trailblazed for the
Scientific forest management.
• Shelter wood, Clear felling and Selection have
been applied throughout the country.
• Government can extract 13 crore cft through
SFM generating 70 Arab.

20. Recommendation
20
• Use of Advance technology( Measurement,
Harvesting, Data management, monitoring,
etc) should be ensured.
• Indigenous Knowledge and practices should
be incorporated in the forest management.
• Capacity enhancement of the Organization
should be given utmost importance.
• Media mobilization and public awareness
should be done.
• Right Man at the Right place should be
executed in the government.
• Scientific management guideline should be
revised and Scientific management work
should be implemented through out the nation
with clear vision for the whole rotation period.

21. Reference
21
DFRS. (2015). State of Forest of Nepal. Kathmandu, Nepal:
Department of Forest Research and Survey.
DOC. (2017). Import Export in the Year 2017. Depart of Custom.
Kathmandu, Nepal: Ministry of Finance.
DoF. (2018). Hamro ban. Babarmahal, Kathmandu: Department of
Forest.
Himal khabar. (2018, Dec 15). Byapariko Changul ma Kath. HImal
Khabar Patrika, p. 21.
Jacek, S. P., Frederick, C. W., & Ahmed, M. R. (2019, 06). FAO.
Retrieved from Food and Agriculture Organization: www.fao.org
MoFSC. (2014). Scientific Forest Management Guideline . Kathmandu,
Nepal: Ministry of Forest and Soil Conservation.
Parkash, R., & Khanna, L. S. (2013). Theory and practice of Silvicultural
Systems. Dehra Dun( India): Interanational Book Distributors.
Subedi, V. (2011). Forest Management Opportunities and Challanged
in Nepal. The Nepal Journal of Forestry, 95-110.
Tiwari, K. B. (2003). Banko Aitihasik Singhawalokan. Kathamandu,
Nepal: Ratna Pustak Bhandar.
UN. (2015). Sustainable Development Goals 2015-2030. Washington
DC: United Nation.
World Bank. (2016, Mar 16). Forest Generated Jobs and Income. Retrieved

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